Зависимость от социальных сетей и характеристики личности: обзор исследований
- Авторы: Шейнов В.П.1
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Учреждения:
- Республиканский институт высшей школы
- Выпуск: Том 18, № 3 (2021)
- Страницы: 607-630
- Раздел: ЛИЧНОСТЬ В ГЛОБАЛЬНОМ ЦИФРОВОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2313-1683/article/view/326006
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2021-18-3-607-630
- ID: 326006
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Аннотация
Социальные сети занимают все больше и больше места в повседневной жизни современных людей, став неотъемлемой частью нашего существования. При этом их роль постоянно растет вместе со стремительным увеличением количества их активных пользователей. Поскольку онлайн-взаимодействие для многих стало более используемым, чем личное общение, социальные сети начали серьезно влиять на образ жизни, общение, интересы и психологию людей. Пользование социальными сетями распространяется в геометрической прогрессии и охватило более трети населения мира, поэтому исследователи разных стран активно изучают социальные сети. Накоплен значительный эмпирический материал, требующий обобщения и осмысления, что и стало целью данного обзора. Обнаружены положительные связи зависимости от социальных сетей с депрессией, тревожностью, стрессом, нейротизмом, эмоциональными проблемами, низкой самооценкой, кибервиктимизацией, проблемами физического здоровья, психическими расстройствами, одиночеством, прокрастинацией, зависимостью от смартфонов и интернета, а также с неверностью в отношениях. Выявлены отрицательные связи зависимости от социальных сетей с удовлетворенностью жизнью, успеваемостью школьников и студентов, производительностью труда и приверженностью организации ее работников, социальным капиталом, возрастом. Основной причиной зависимости от социальных сетей является потребность в общении, и женщины в целом активнее мужчин участвуют в социальных сетях. В обзоре приведены лишь те связи зависимости от социальных сетей, которые установлены в ряде исследований, проведенных в разных странах. Представленные результаты получены за рубежом с помощью иноязычных опросников, определяющих зависимость от социальных сетей. Отсутствие подобного надежного и валидного инструмента у русскоязычных психологов стало серьезным фактором, сдерживающим проведение аналогичных отечественных исследований. Автором разработан такой надежный и валидный опросник зависимости от социальных сетей.
Об авторах
Виктор Павлович Шейнов
Республиканский институт высшей школы
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: sheinov1@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2191-646X
доктор социологических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры психологии и педагогического мастерства
Республика Беларусь, 220001, Минск, ул. Московская, д. 15Список литературы
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