Design concept for a multi-level hierarchical resource management structure in passenger transportation systems

Background. The passenger transport complex is a complex ergatic system that integrates heterogeneous technological and infrastructural elements and human teams with often contradictory goals, operating under different departmental jurisdictions. Its functioning occurs under conditions of stochastic uncertainty of indicators, which leads to significant difficulties in the traditional approach to resource allocation. Existing management methods do not fully account for the specifics of such systems, necessitating the development of new theoretical and methodological foundations for designing an effective multi-level resource management structure resilient to the impact of uncertain factors of the internal and external environment.

Purpose. To develop a concept for designing a multi-level hierarchical resource allocation structure for a passenger transportation system, which corresponds to its unique characteristics as a complex ergatic system operating under conditions of inherent stochastic uncertainty.

Materials and methods. The research is based on a systems approach, including the analysis, representation, calculation, and synthesis of complex systems. The theoretical foundation utilizes the theory of multi-level hierarchical systems, decision theory under uncertainty, and probabilistic analysis methods. To formalize the resource allocation process, an apparatus of logical operators (LOs) is proposed, presented as morphological matrices that aggregate performance indicators of various transport modes for a set of mutually exclusive information states. This allows for the calculation of evaluation functionals considering probability distributions and weighting coefficients characterizing the importance of each parameter.

Results. A concept for representing the resource allocation system as a multi-echelon hierarchical structure has been developed. The fundamental component of the elaborated hierarchical framework consists of logical operators (LOs), situated at the lowest management level, responsible for consolidating data received from various transport modalities and for accounting for their current informational states. A mathematical model in the form of an evaluation functional matrix is proposed, enabling the formalization of resource allocation efficiency calculations for diverse scenarios. The concept of a ‘district’ has been introduced, defined as a collection of LOs within a single echelon, which facilitates system structuring based on territorial or functional attributes. The resulting model provides a foundation for subsequent analysis and synthesis of an optimal management structure under conditions of incomplete information.