Composition of negative emotions' naming in the Russian language

The subject of the study in the article is the composition of Russian lexemes naming negative emotions. For this purpose, the content of the concept of "negativity" is considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that when using it, it is necessary to distinguish between emotions that bring suffering to the subject and emotions that are negatively assessed by society and the object to which they are directed. In addition, the issue of objective criteria is discussed, on the basis of which it is possible to separate the names of emotions from emotive vocabulary of another type - from the designations of manifestations of emotions. As a result, following O. N. Lyashevskaya and E. V. Paducheva, it is proposed to use as the main criterion for the presence of the function of naming an emotion in a lexeme its stable combinability with the words to experience, to feel and feeling. The second part of the article presents the results of applying this criterion to the preliminary list of candidate words. In its compilation, the material of semantic dictionaries and the division into groups of emotions proposed by L. G. Babenko in the dictionary "Alphabet of Emotions" were used. The analysis was carried out based on the search for collocates in the Main Corpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language. As a result, from the original list, which included lexemes denoting not only emotions, but also their manifestations (events, qualities, etc.), nouns were extracted that most often mean what native Russian speakers characterize as names of negative feelings. The results obtained are presented in the form of complete lists of nouns distributed among groups of negative emotions. In conclusion, it is concluded that the applied method allows to establish the lexical core of Russian names of negative emotions, as well as to establish the most lexically differentiated groups of such emotions in the Russian language. Such groups turned out to be GRIEF, SHAME and HOSTILITY.

category of emotiveness, names of emotions, negative emotions, combinability, collocates, corpus linguistics, semantic dictionaries, semantic groups, analysis of lexical meaning, comparison of languages