№ 2 (2025)
Articles
The emergence and functioning of the modern global ranking system for higher education institutions
Аннотация
This paper examines the prerequisites for the emergence and stages of formation of the modern global higher education institution rankings system. It analyzes the key reasons that necessitated an objective assessment of the quality of university education at a global level, including the processes of internationalization, increased competition among universities, and the demands from employers and prospective students. Particular attention is paid to the main international rankings, their methodologies, evaluation criteria, and impact on the development of universities. Both positive and problematic aspects of the functioning of ranking systems are discussed, including their influence on university strategy, academic mobility, funding, and research activities. Globalization has intensified competition among universities, leading to an increased significance of international rankings. These rankings affect the prestige of universities, students' choice, development strategies, and the global education market. Global university rankings enhance competition, influence academic reputation, investments, and international image. They become tools for attracting students, scientific capital, and strengthening educational exports. The analysis shows that the effectiveness and quality of a higher education institution's activities in most authoritative rankings are assessed based on a combination of key areas of its functioning, among which particular importance is given to educational, research, international, and entrepreneurial activities, including the commercialization of scientific developments. British researcher M. Clarke specifies the logistics of educational choice by proposing a three-tiered decision-making model characteristic of prospective students oriented towards global educational markets. This approach seems justified. At the same time, empirical data allow for the addition of a fourth element to this scheme, particularly relevant for applicants to master's and doctoral programs. This additional stage may involve the choice of a specialized faculty or department within an already formed pool of universities. Such a choice is usually based on the scientific reputation of the department, rankings in subject areas, and the presence of leading research schools. Therefore, the structure of educational choice in the context of the internationalization of higher education takes on a multi-level character. In conclusion, the role of rankings as a tool for the global positioning of universities is emphasized, as well as the necessity for their further enhancement taking into account the regional context and the specificities of educational systems.
Modern education. 2025;(2):1-13
1-13
Ways of Professional and Innovative Integration in the Field of Professional Art Education in China
Аннотация
This article notes that, due to the modernization of the education system in modern China, approaches to the training of artistic personnel are changing. An assessment is given of how the process of integrating international experience is reflected in the course of training, which, in synthesis with national traditions, turns into innovations. The article describes the options for organizing the educational process in Chinese colleges (the Shenzhen School of Art) and universities (the School of Architecture and Environmental Art at the Institute of Fine Arts in Sichuan Province), which create innovative models for the formation of necessary competencies for future specialists, taking into account the advanced achievements of world pedagogy, art, and their own experience. The theoretical basis of the research consists of works that study the phenomenon of integration in education. The author studied: methodological principles of art education, the model of multi-level artist training systems, and regulatory and methodological frameworks for the educational process. Scientific and theoretical methods included the analysis of the problem, the study of literature on the topic, program documents, and exhibition material. The object of the research is higher and secondary art education in China at the beginning of the 21st century. The subject of the research is the theoretical understanding and practical application of “integration” as a methodological principle for building multi-level artist training in Chinese universities and colleges based on the idea of synthesizing continuity, traditions, modern trends, and innovations. The purpose of the study is to identify options for applying the concept of “professional and innovative integration” in the artistic and creative training of future specialists in the system of secondary and higher professional art education in modern China. The tasks set included the study of various aspects of the concept of “professional and innovative integration” through the prism of artistic and creative training, a description of the approaches to integration, and their interpretation that have developed in various educational institutions of China at different levels.
Modern education. 2025;(2):14-27
14-27
Modern Higher Education: Experience of Turkmenistan
Аннотация
The subject of the research is national education systems. Nowadays, they are considered one of the key factors of sustainable socio-economic growth. All states pay special attention to the development of this area. Modern education is actively integrated with other sectors of the economy and reflects a comprehensive approach to the modernization of all spheres of the national economy. The object of the research is institutions of higher and professional education, which, in the context of global challenges with a simultaneous dynamic transformation of scientific and technological reality, put internationalization at the forefront, coupled with the development of academic cooperation with foreign educational institutions. Particular attention is paid to this trend, which is fully consistent with modern global trends. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as academic cooperation and academic mobility, universal competencies, as well as scientific research of universities. The research method used was the analysis of the strategies of internationalization of universities used today. This analysis was carried out using the method of theoretical review, based on the systemic and institutional approaches to the development of universities. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive analysis of the internationalization of entrepreneurial universities in the context of global competition and transformation of higher education, with an emphasis on the conditions of Turkmenistan. For the first time, the need to adapt international approaches to national realities is substantiated, competitiveness factors and the role of the state in supporting educational institutions are considered. The study demonstrates the strategic importance of a systemic approach to the development and implementation of innovative mechanisms for internationalization, including an assessment of its effectiveness. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the institutional development of universities, investments in scientific infrastructure and positioning in the global academic space. The conclusions of this study lie in the substantiation of a systemic approach to assessing the internationalization of universities based on international indicators, as well as in identifying the specifics of the formation of an open educational environment in the context of the modernization of the higher education system of Turkmenistan.
Modern education. 2025;(2):28-39
28-39
Infographics in Social Studies Lessons as a Tool for Developing Reading Literacy
Аннотация
The relevance of the research topic stems from the profound crisis in reading in Russian society. The purpose of this study is to analyze infographics as a tool for developing reading literacy in social studies lessons, develop infographics on some topics of the 10th–11th grade social studies course, and present techniques for working with them. The research focuses on teaching social studies, exploring innovative techniques that utilize infographics as a case study. The modern world is a world of texts, and they surround a person everywhere. A person needs not only to be able to read, but also to be able to critically comprehend and apply the information obtained from the text in practice. In this regard, the development of reading literacy plays an important role in the formation of citizens capable of analysis and critical thinking—this is one of the most urgent tasks of a modern school. The research employed a theoretical analysis of scientific publications, enabling us to examine existing approaches to defining the concept of “reader’s literacy”, its content, and the methods of its formation among students. In the process of teaching, a pedagogical experiment was carried out, which confirmed the effectiveness of the development of reading literacy among students using various types of texts and innovative tasks. This study presents the author’s infographics and some techniques for working with them, as well as an analysis of scientific papers on the problems of the formation of reading literacy, and the clip thinking of modern schoolchildren. The article discusses the advantages of infographics as a tool for developing reader literacy in social studies lessons. The practical significance of this research lies in the fact that those developments that were prepared in the process of conducting research can be used at school in social studies lessons in grades 10-11, as educational tools, and the conclusions that were drawn as a result of the work done can be useful not only for social studies teachers, but also for teachers of other disciplines, as they can contribute to the expansion of the tools they use in their lessons in the process of forming reading literacy.
Modern education. 2025;(2):40-55
40-55
Peculiarities of Parental Education in Russia (USSR) (1980s to the Present): Historical and Pedagogical Analysis
Аннотация
The subject of the this research is the pedagogical education of parents in Russia (USSR) (1980s to present time). The purpose of the article'sarticl purpose is to present in chronological order the main pedagogically significant events and facts,, and to identify key ideas and features of the implementation of pedagogical education of parents in different periods. There are three periods of parents'parents education: the Soviet (from the 1980s to 1991), the post-Soviet (1992 to– the end of the 2010s), and the modern (the end of 2010 to the present time). It is shown that the pedagogical education of parents in Russia has evolved from pedagogical universal education, popularization of WesternizationWesternization, opposition to WesternizationWesternization, and traditional approaches, to familiarization with traditional Russian spiritual and moral values. Research methods: theoretical analysis of sources, comparative analysis, and generalization. Research sources: include normative legal acts in the field of education, upbringing, and the development of family relations, the works of teachers, psychologists, and publicists, and the journal for parents, "Family and School." During the Soviet period, official pedagogical universal education with a formal approach and, party postulates, and separate practices based on Western ideas (attention to the feelings of the parent and positive child-parent communication) coexisted. The specific psychological and pedagogical knowledge needed by the parent did not fit well with the communist ideology. Testing and adapting Western ideas to the Soviet reality was difficultcomplex. In the post-Soviet period, educational programs implemented in schools and social protection institutions reliedrely mainly on a traditional approach with a passive and often indifferent parent, but influencing the child. Western practices have not been fully understood and accepted by educators and psychologists. The modern period is characterized by the development of unified methodological and substantive approaches: the All-Russian conferences on family education and parental education, ""School of Gifted Parents"" are held annually, the All-Russian competition of best practices in parental education, a project is being implemented in all regions of Russia to provide psychological, pedagogical, methodological and counseling services to parents, university psychological services are being created that provide psychological education of parents. Information and methodological support are being createdmade, and unified education programs for parents and specialists are being developed.
Modern education. 2025;(2):56-71
56-71