Topical issues of fire safety of electrical installation devices
- Authors: Smelkov G.I.1, . Bokov G.V.2, Nazarov A.A.1, Gruzinova O.I.2
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Affiliations:
- All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection (VNIIPO), the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia)
- All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection (VNIIPO), the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia).
- Issue: Vol 118, No 1 (2025)
- Section: Experience Exchange, Problems and Judgments
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2411-3778/article/view/317047
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.37657/пб.v118i1.317047
- ID: 317047
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Abstract
The Institute has repeatedly informed readers in its publications about the high fire hazard of electrical wiring (EW), which traditionally leads among other types of electrical installations in the number of fires (in 2023 – 77.89 %), direct material losses from them and the number of people killed in fires.
The second place among electrical products in terms of the same indicators is occupied by electrical installation devices (EID): plug sockets, switches, changeover switches, etc. Although EID are not included in the standardized term [1] “electrical wiring”, they are functionally very closely related to each other at facilities, since the conductors of cable products of electrical wiring are directly connected to the contact clamps of EID. As studies show, the fire hazard of electrical installations is mainly associated with an increase in the contact resistance in the contact connections during operation (“poor contact”) followed by their heating, up to the ignition temperature of the base material of the electrical installation on which the contact clamps are fixed, or the ignition temperature of the insulation of the connected conductor.
This was particularly prevalent in EW consisting of cable products with aluminium conductors, prompting regulatory restrictions on their use in the 1990s.
However, the urgency of the problem of reducing the fire hazard of contact connections has increased again since March 2019 after the Government of the Russian Federation decided to use cable products with conductors made of aluminum alloys at facilities in electrical installations.
The article analyzes the results of experimental studies to assess the contact connections of switches and sockets (the most widely used in electrical installations) in connections with conductors made of aluminum alloys for their compliance with current regulatory documents.
About the authors
German I. Smelkov
All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection (VNIIPO), the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia)
Author for correspondence.
Email: 3.3@vniipo.ru
SPIN-code: 7206-7904
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Chief Researcher, Scientific Research Center for Fire Prevention and Emergency Prevention, Department of Fire Safety of Electrical Products
Russian Federation, VNIIPO district, 12, Balashikha, Moscow region, 143903, RussiaGennady V. . Bokov
All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection (VNIIPO), the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia).
Email: 3.3@vniipo.ru
SPIN-code: 9278-6565
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Scientific Research Center for Fire Prevention and Emergency Prevention
Russian Federation, VNIIPO district, 12, Balashikha, Moscow region, 143903, RussiaAnton A. Nazarov
All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection (VNIIPO), the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia)
Email: 3.3@vniipo.ru
SPIN-code: 5883-4870
Deputy Head of the Department – Head of the Sector, Scientific Research Center for Fire Prevention and Emergency Prevention, Department of Fire Safety of Electrical Products
Russian Federation, VNIIPO district, 12, Balashikha, Moscow region, 143903, RussiaOlga I. Gruzinova
All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection (VNIIPO), the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia).
Email: 3.3@vniipo.ru
SPIN-code: 7949-3727
Senior Researcher, Scientific Research Center for Fire Prevention and Emergency Prevention
Russian Federation, VNIIPO district, 12, Balashikha, Moscow region, 143903, RussiaReferences
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