Association between forensic DNA and odontology in human identification during mass disaster: a systematic review

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: According to the literature, forensic odontology is one of the most effective and affordable scientific techniques for identifying victims of mass disasters. This research methodically reviews the role and function of forensic odontologists in several global mass disasters. Forensic DNA in odontology is associated with the importance of its application in the identification of humans of mass disasters. As the crime rate continues to rise, the field of forensic medicine has evolved significantly. Forensic dentists play a pivotal role in various areas of crime scene investigations, thereby helping solve innumerable mysteries.

AIM: The study aimed to increase the body of knowledge for future research on forensic odontology by conducting a systematic review search to investigate possible forensic DNA in odontology associated with the importance of its application in the identification of humans of mass disasters.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, were analyzed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) quality scale. The literature search, conducted until February 2024, informed important research choices.

RESULTS: A total of 16 (100%) studies related to forensic DNA of mass disasters were identified. Of these, only seven (43.75%) articles related to dental DNA were included in this review. Of the 4,808 articles obtained, 138 duplicates or irrelevant articles were eliminated. Following a full-text review, seven studies were selected based on eligibility criteria. The highest percentage of victims was identified using dental DNA. In a few studies, some samples were insufficient for complete DNA profiling due to factors such as the method of DNA extraction.

CONCLUSION: Forensic odontology has played a significant role in the identification of victims of several mass disasters around the world. Although teeth are an excellent source of DNA for humans, future studies with larger sample sizes, appropriate control groups, and standardized techniques of DNA extraction need to be conducted.

About the authors

R.M. Lopez Toribio

Hermilio Valdizán National University, Graduate School, Graduate School

Author for correspondence.
Email: miolopeztoribio@hotmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-3367-4920

MD, Master’s in forensic medicine

Peru, Huanuco

N.E. Castañeda Eugenio

Hermilio Valdizán National University, Graduate School, Graduate School

Email: ncastaneda@unheval.edu.pe
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3016-663X

MD

Peru, Huanuco

D.A. Manrique de Lara Suarez

Hermilio Valdizán National University, Graduate School, Graduate School

Email: dmanrique@unheval.edu.pe
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4488-252X

MD

Peru, Huanuco

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