Economic essence and classification of "green" innovations for the Russian tanker fleet

The purpose of the study is to determine a set of obstacles to its development based on an assessment of the current state of the Russian tanker fleet, highlighting the key problem — the aging of the fleet and its incomplete compliance with the so-called. "Green agenda" — international environmental requirements, as well as, taking into account the results obtained, propose a definition of economic essence and classify "green" innovations to increase its competitiveness. Based on the results of the work carried out, the following main conclusions were obtained. The analysis of definitions and the classification of "green" innovations showed that for the Russian tanker fleet, their economic essence is, first of all, a tool for survival and preservation of competitiveness in conditions of severe external restrictions. The introduction of such innovations is dictated not so much by environmental goals as by economic necessity: reducing risks, costs and ensuring access to markets and capital. The classification of innovations showed that in our condition’s priority should be given not to the most "fashionable" and capital-intensive solutions (for example, hydrogen engines), but to pragmatic innovations in operational efficiency and modernization of the existing tanker fleet, which give a quick economic effect and allow you to gain time for more fundamental transformation in the future.