City-Agglomeration: Production and Representation of Krasnodar’s Spatial Influence Boundaries

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

The article is based on the materials of the field research conducted in Krasnodar krai in the summer-autumn of 2023, as well as on the analysis of articles and projects devoted to the substantiation of spatial forms and boundaries of Russian urban agglomerations. The Krasnodar urban agglomeration was chosen for several reasons: (a) the intensive growth of the population of Krasnodar, (b) the “transboundary” nature of the urban agglomeration, which includes the territories of two regions of Russia—Krasnodar krai and the Republic of Adygea, separated in the Krasnodar area by a natural boundary—the Kuban River, and (с) the obvious mismatch between the large cells of administrative/municipal management of the territories included in the urban agglomeration and the small-cell structure of the space of everyday life. The authors aim to identify the principles underlying the allocation of Krasnodar’s area of influence, to understand the mechanisms of determining the external and internal boundaries of the urban agglomeration, and the semantics of the graphic images constructed with their help. In the center of attention are maps—a universal tool for fixing and reproducing significant aspects of the surrounding reality. Different types of cartographic products are considered: city plans, administrative maps and territorial development schemes, analytical maps presented in scientific articles and atlases, maps based on remote sensing data, folk and mental maps that project non-spatial relations into space. All maps and images are considered as a product of intellectual activity, a visual representation of knowledge/perceptions of the mapped territory. The authors conclude that the current practice of producing and representing the boundaries of the Krasnodar urban agglomeration, despite scientific justifications and technical calculations, is not so much a representation of the area of Krasnodar’s influence on the surrounding territories to resolve the contradiction between the habit of thinking of urban development in terms of growth and the difficulty of practical implementation of this strategy.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

O. I. Vendina

Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: vendina@igras.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. V. Sheludkov

Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: a.v.sheludkov@igras.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. A. Gritsenko

Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: antgritsenko@igras.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

References

  1. Aglomeratsii – tochki rosta v epokhu turbulentnosti [Agglomerations – Points of Growth in an Era of Turbulence]. Moscow: TsSR, 2023. 38 p.
  2. Antonov E.V. Urban agglomerations: approaches to delineation and delimitation. Kontury Glob. Transform.: Polit., Ekon., Pravo, 2020, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 180–202. (In Russ.).
  3. Baevsky O.A. Territorial’noe planirovanie i proektirovanie na osnove issledovaniya prostranstvennoi struktury goroda: kurs lektsii [Territorial Planning and Design Based on the Study of the Spatial Structure of the City: A Course of Lectures]. Moscow: NIU VShE, VShU im. A.A. Vysokovskogo, 2016.
  4. Bedrina E.B. Features of settlement of labor migrants from foreign countries in Russian megacities. Ekon. Reg., 2019, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 451–464. (In Russ.).
  5. Bentlage M., Thierstein A. Agglomeration, agglomeration area. In ARL – Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung (Hrsg.): Handwörterbuch der Stadt‐ und Raumentwicklung. Hannover, 2018, pp. 37–48. Available at: https://www.arl-international.com/sites/default/files/dictionary/2021-08/agglomeration.pdf (accessed: 17.06.2024).
  6. Berlyant A.M. Geoikonika [Geoiconics]. Moscow: Astreya Publ., 1995. 219 p.
  7. Blinnikov M., Shanin A., Sobolev N., Volkova L. Gated communities of the Moscow green belt: Newly segregated landscapes and the suburban Russian environment. GeoJournal, 2006, pp. 65–81.
  8. Bogdanova E., Brednikova O., Zaporozhets O. How to understand and research neighborhoods? Laboratorium: Zh. Sco. Issled., 2021, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 139–171. (In Russ.).
  9. Bolter K., Robey J. Agglomeration Economies: A Literature Review. Prepared for The Fund for our Economic Future (FFEF). 2020. Available at: https://research.upjohn.org/reports/252 (accessed: 17.06.2024).
  10. Bourdieu P. Social space and symbolic power. Sociol. Theory, 1989, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 14–25.
  11. Bourdieu P. Sotsiologiya politiki [Political Sociology]. Shmatko N.A., Ed. Moscow: Socio-Logos Publ., 1993. 336 p.
  12. Boze E. Urban agglomeration: old name – new content. Ross. Ekspertn. Obozr. Udobn. Prostranst. Goroda, 2007, no. 4–5, pp. 13–16. (In Russ.).
  13. Brednikova O.E. Neighborhood in the Russian big city: The time and place of neighborhood communications. Zh. Sotsiol. Sotsial. Antropol., 2023, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 118–142.
  14. Castells M. Grassrooting the spaces of flows. Urban Geogr., 1999, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 294–302.
  15. Duranton G., Puga D. Micro-foundations of urban agglomeration economies. In Handbook of regional and urban economics. Vol. 4. Henderson V., Thisse J.-F., Еds. North-Holland, Amsterdam, 2004, pp. 2119–2171.
  16. Filobok A.A., Antonov O.V. Practical approaches to defining the boundaries of Krasnodar urban agglomeration. Mosk. Econ. Zh., 2023, no. 3, pp. 50–66. (In Russ.).
  17. Fu Y., Zhang X. Mega urban agglomeration in the transformation era: Evolving theories, research typologies and governance. Cities, 2020, vol. 105, art. 102813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102813
  18. Fujita M., Krugman P. The New Economic Geography: Past, Present and the Future. In Fifty Years of Regional Science. Florax R., Plane D., Eds. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2004, pp. 139–164.
  19. Giuliano G., Kang S., Yuan Q. Agglomeration economies and evolving urban form. Ann. Reg. Sci., 2019, vol. 63, pp. 377–398.
  20. Glazkov K.P. Mental maps: methods of analysis, bias, and spatial metrics. Sotsiol. Vlasti, 2013, no. 3, pp. 39–56. (In Russ.).
  21. Gol’ts G.A. Transport i rasselenie [Transportation and Settlement]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1981. 248 p.
  22. Gutnov A.E. Evolyutsiya gradostroitel’stva [Evolution of Urban Planning]. Moscow: Stroiizdat, 1984. 256 p.
  23. Ivanov K. The unobviousness of authenticity: sketches towards a semiology of cartographic images. Logos, 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 131–156. (In Russ.).
  24. Kagansky V.L. Non-metaphor: the phenomenology of cartographic representation. Logos, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 217–244. (In Russ.).
  25. Kalutskov V.N. Topological theory of the cultural landscape. In Gumanitarnaya geografiya. Vyp. 1 [Human Geography. Vol. 1]. Moscow, 2004, pp. 138–153. (In Russ.).
  26. Kazakova G.M. “Vernacular region” as a condition for intensification of social processes. Sotsiol. Issled., 2017, no. 9, pp. 57–65. (In Russ.).
  27. Kosareva N.B., Polidi T.D., Puzanov A.S. Ekonomicheskaya urbanizatsiya [Economic Urbanization]. Moscow: Fond “Inst. Ekon. Goroda”, NIU VShE, 2018. 419 p.
  28. Kudryavtsev F.S. Urban planning in the era of big data, scale and speed of urban change. In Geourbanistika i gradostroitel’stvo: teoreticheskie i prikladnye issledovaniya [Geo-urbanism and Urban Planning: Theoretical and Applied Research]. Moscow: Geogr. Fakult. MGU, 2021, pp. 28–48. (In Russ.).
  29. Lacost Y. Géopolitique des grandes villes. Hérodote, 2001, no. 101, pp. 3–9. (In French).
  30. Lappo G.M. Razvitie gorodskikh aglomeratsii v SSSR [Development of Urban Agglomerations in the USSR]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1978. 152 p.
  31. Lappo G.M. The concept of the supporting framework of the territorial structure of the national economy: development, theoretical and practical significance. Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Geogr., 1983, no. 5, pp. 16–28. (In Russ.).
  32. Lappo G.M. Goroda Rossii. Vzglyad geografa [Cities of Russia. A Geographer’s View]. Moscow: Novyi Khronograf Publ., 2012. 504 p.
  33. Law J. After Method: Mess in Social Science Research. Routledge, 2004.
  34. Law J. Collateral realities. In The Politics of Knowledge. Rubio F.D., Baert P., Eds. London: Routledge, 2011, pp. 156–178.
  35. Levinson A.G. Focus groups and open group discussions as methods used in applied research. In Kachestvennye metody. Polevye sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Qualitative Methods. Field Sociological Research]. Shteinberg I., Ed. St. Petersburg: Aleteiya Publ., 2009, pp. 217–254. (In Russ.).
  36. Makhrova A.G. The role of organized cottage settlements in suburbanization processes in post-Soviet Russia. Reg. Res. Russ., 2014, vol. 4, pp. 189–197. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079970514030058
  37. Makhrova A.G., Babkin R.A. Methodological approaches to the delimitation of the boundaries of the Moscow agglomeration based on data from mobile network operators. Reg. Res. Russ., 2020, vol. 10, pp. 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079970520030090
  38. Makhrova A.G., Kirillov P.L. Seasonal pulsation of settlement in the Moscow agglomeration under the influence of dacha and labor pendulum migration: approaches to the study and assessment. Reg. Issled., 2015, no. 1, pp. 117–125. (In Russ.).
  39. Makhrova A., Nefedova T., Treivish A. Moskovskaya oblast’ segodnya i zavtra: tendentsii i perspektivy prostranstvennogo razvitiya [Moscow Region Today and Tomorrow: Trends and Prospects of Spatial Development]. Moscow: Novyi Khronograf Publ., 2008. 343 p.
  40. McCann Ph., van Oort F. Theories of agglomeration and regional economic growth: a historical review. In Handbook of Regional Growth and Development Theories. Capello R., Nijkamp P., Eds. Elgar, 2019, pp. 6–23.
  41. Mitin I.I. Mental maps of the city: history of the concept and diversity of approaches. Gorod. Issled. Praktiki, 2018, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 64–79. (In Russ.).
  42. Monga C. Theories of Agglomeration: Critical Analysis from a Policy Perspective. In The Industrial Policy Revolution I. The Role of Government Beyond Ideology. Stiglitz J.E., Lin J.Y., Eds. London: Palgrave Macmillan., 2013, pp. 209–224.
  43. Patrusheva A.S. Identification of intra-urban vernacular neighborhood boundaries from online data using the example of the city of San Francisco. Reg. Issled., 2022, no. 1, pp. 31–41. (In Russ.).
  44. Pavlyuk S.G. Urban local toponymy as an indicator of spatial self-organization of society. Gorod. Issled. Praktiki, 2017, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 33–42. (In Russ.).
  45. Pesaresi M., Politis P. GHS-BUILT-S R2023A – GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel-2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 2023. https://doi.org/10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA
  46. Polidi T.D. Effects of urban development and urban design on the city economy and other urban processes, 2019. Available at: https://urbaneconomics.ru/sites/default/files/gradostroitelstvo_i_ekonomika_v_prostranstve_aglomeracii_dk_4.pdf?ysclid=lt5fgj7ups253750938 (accessed: 17.06.2024). (In Russ.).
  47. Polyan P.M. Metodika vydeleniya i analiza opornogo karkasa rasseleniya [Methodology of Identification and Analysis of the Urban Settlement Pattern]. Moscow: IG AN SSSR, 1988. 220 p.
  48. Polyan P.M. Territorial’nye struktury – urbanizatsiya – rasselenie: teoreticheskie podkhody i metody izucheniya [Territorial Structures – Urbanization – Settlement: Theoretical Approaches and Methods of Study]. Moscow: Novyi Khronograf, 2014. 394 p.
  49. Problemy razvitiya aglomeratsii Rossii. Sbornik statei [Problems of Agglomerations Development in Russia. Collection of Articles]. Moscow: KRASAND Publ., 2009. 192 p.
  50. Puzanov A.S. Territorial boundaries of urban communities. Sotsiol. Vlasti, 2013, no. 3, pp. 27–38. (In Russ.).
  51. Puzanov A.S., Popov R.A., Polidi T.D. Gershovich A.Ya. Gorodskie aglomeratsii v sovremennoi Rossii: problemy i perspektivy razvitiya [Urban Agglomerations in Modern Russia: Problems and Prospects of Development]. Puzanov A.S., Ed. Moscow: Fond “Inst. Econ. Goroda”, 2023. 192 p.
  52. Raisikh A.E. Defining the boundaries of urban agglomerations in Russia: model development and results. Domograf. Obozr., 2020, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 54–96. (In Russ.).
  53. Rodoman B.B. Polyarizovannaya biosfera. Sbornik statei [Polarized Biosphere. Collection of articles]. Smolensk: Oikumena Publ., 2002. 336 p.
  54. Román M.O., Wang Z., Sun Q., Kalb V., Miller S.D., Molthan A., et al. NASA’s Black Marble nighttime lights product suite. Remote Sens. Environ., 2018, vol. 210, pp. 113–143.
  55. Salishchev K.A. Kartografiya: Uchebnik dlya geograficheskikh spetsial’nostei univiversitetov [Cartography: Textbook for Geographical Specialties of Universities]. Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola Publ., 1982. 272 p.
  56. Schlögel K. Borderland Europe. Vestn. Evropy, 2003, vol. 9, pp. 56–60. (In Russ.).
  57. Smirnyagin L.V. Agglomerations: pro and contra. In Gorodskoi al’manakh. T. 3 [Urban Almanac. Vol. 3]. Moscow: Fond “Inst. Econ. Goroda”, 2008, pp. 152–168. (In Russ.).
  58. Sopnev N.V., Belozerov V.S. Electronic atlas Urban agglomerations of the European part of Russia, 2023. Available at: https://regionalcapitals.ru/urbanagglomerations/dp/krasnodar (accessed: 17.06.2024). (In Russ.).
  59. Stewart D., Shamdasani P., Rook D. Group depth interviews: Focus group. In The SAGE Handbook of Applied Social Research Methods. Bickman L., Rog D.J., Eds. 2009, pp. 589–616.
  60. Varshaver E., Racheva A., Ivanova N., Ermakova M. Places of resident concentration of migrants in Russian cities: is there a pattern? Sotsiol. Obozr., 2020, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 225–253. (In Russ.).
  61. Varshaver E.A., Racheva A.L., Ivanova N.S., Andreeva A.S. Migranty v rossiiskikh gorodakh: rasselenie, kontsentratsiya, integratsiya [Migrants in Russian Cities: Settlement, Concentration, Integration]. Moscow: Izd-vo “Delo”, RANKhiGS, 2021.
  62. Veselkova N.V. Mental maps of the city: issues of methodology and practice of use. Sotsiol. 4M, 2010, no. 31, pp. 5–29. (In Russ.).
  63. Volodchenko A.S. New horizons of cartosemiotics. Kultur. Gumanit. Geogr., 2012, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 78–87. (In Russ.).
  64. Vysokovsky A.A. Prostranstvennoe prognozirovanie zastroiki slozhivshikhsya gorodov. Seria: Grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Forecasting of the Spatial Development of the Already Formed Cities. Series: Civil Engineering and Architecture]. Moscow: TsNTI, 1986.
  65. Zamyatin D.N. Human geography: Space, imagination and the interaction of contemporary human sciences. Sotsiol. Obozr., 2010, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 26–50. (In Russ.).
  66. Zamyatin D.N. Ontologies of cartography: geographical imagination and planetarity. Logos, 2022, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 183–202. (In Russ.).
  67. Zotova M.V. Emergence of gated communities in Russia: Causes and consequences. L’Espace Politique, 2012, vol. 17, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.4000/espacepolitique.2385

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Fig. 1. Administrative districts of Krasnodar city district and neighboring settlements. Compiled by the authors based on: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Административное_деление_Krasnodar; base map: © Google Satellite.

Download (1MB)
Indexing metadata
3. Fig. 2. Growth of urban development in Krasnodar city district, 2010-2020: (a) building density in 2010 and 2020, m2/ha; (b) growth areas of multi-storey and low-rise residential buildings. Notes: the authors' calculations based on the methodology (Pesaresi and Politics, 2023); base map: © Google Satellite.

Download (1MB)
Indexing metadata
4. Fig. 3. Growth areas/reductions in the intensity of nighttime radiation in the visible and near-infrared ranges of the spectrum, 2012-2020 Notes: calculations by the authors using the method (Román et al., 2018); values were obtained by the Theil–Sen method, p-significance level <0.05; units: nWt·cm−2·cp−1; base map: © Google Satellite.

Download (1MB)
Indexing metadata
5. 4. Two images of the Krasnodar agglomeration presented in the project of the Institute of Urban Economics: “The effects of urban development and urban planning on the city economy and other urban processes.” Source: (Polidi, 2019).

Download (8MB)
Indexing metadata
6. Fig. 5. Krasnodar agglomeration: boundaries of transport accessibility zones and population density of settlements. Source: (Sopnev, Belozerov, 2023, with changes).

Download (2MB)
Indexing metadata
7. Fig. 6. Significant elements of the Krasnodar agglomeration space from the point of view of new settlers – residents of the village. Yablonovsky and the village of Novaya Adygea: (a) the focus group of “adapting” residents and (b) the focus group of “adapted” residents. Source: materials of focus groups held on October 14, 2023.

Download (519KB)
Indexing metadata
8. 7. View of Krasnodar from the Turgenevsky Bridge over the Kuban River. Source: photo of the authors.

Download (709KB)
Indexing metadata
9. 8. Significant elements of the living space of the residents of Adygeysk – older men. Source: materials of the focus group held on October 15, 2023.

Download (397KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2024 Russian Academy of Sciences

Согласие на обработку персональных данных с помощью сервиса «Яндекс.Метрика»

1. Я (далее – «Пользователь» или «Субъект персональных данных»), осуществляя использование сайта https://journals.rcsi.science/ (далее – «Сайт»), подтверждая свою полную дееспособность даю согласие на обработку персональных данных с использованием средств автоматизации Оператору - федеральному государственному бюджетному учреждению «Российский центр научной информации» (РЦНИ), далее – «Оператор», расположенному по адресу: 119991, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д.32А, со следующими условиями.

2. Категории обрабатываемых данных: файлы «cookies» (куки-файлы). Файлы «cookie» – это небольшой текстовый файл, который веб-сервер может хранить в браузере Пользователя. Данные файлы веб-сервер загружает на устройство Пользователя при посещении им Сайта. При каждом следующем посещении Пользователем Сайта «cookie» файлы отправляются на Сайт Оператора. Данные файлы позволяют Сайту распознавать устройство Пользователя. Содержимое такого файла может как относиться, так и не относиться к персональным данным, в зависимости от того, содержит ли такой файл персональные данные или содержит обезличенные технические данные.

3. Цель обработки персональных данных: анализ пользовательской активности с помощью сервиса «Яндекс.Метрика».

4. Категории субъектов персональных данных: все Пользователи Сайта, которые дали согласие на обработку файлов «cookie».

5. Способы обработки: сбор, запись, систематизация, накопление, хранение, уточнение (обновление, изменение), извлечение, использование, передача (доступ, предоставление), блокирование, удаление, уничтожение персональных данных.

6. Срок обработки и хранения: до получения от Субъекта персональных данных требования о прекращении обработки/отзыва согласия.

7. Способ отзыва: заявление об отзыве в письменном виде путём его направления на адрес электронной почты Оператора: info@rcsi.science или путем письменного обращения по юридическому адресу: 119991, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д.32А

8. Субъект персональных данных вправе запретить своему оборудованию прием этих данных или ограничить прием этих данных. При отказе от получения таких данных или при ограничении приема данных некоторые функции Сайта могут работать некорректно. Субъект персональных данных обязуется сам настроить свое оборудование таким способом, чтобы оно обеспечивало адекватный его желаниям режим работы и уровень защиты данных файлов «cookie», Оператор не предоставляет технологических и правовых консультаций на темы подобного характера.

9. Порядок уничтожения персональных данных при достижении цели их обработки или при наступлении иных законных оснований определяется Оператором в соответствии с законодательством Российской Федерации.

10. Я согласен/согласна квалифицировать в качестве своей простой электронной подписи под настоящим Согласием и под Политикой обработки персональных данных выполнение мною следующего действия на сайте: https://journals.rcsi.science/ нажатие мною на интерфейсе с текстом: «Сайт использует сервис «Яндекс.Метрика» (который использует файлы «cookie») на элемент с текстом «Принять и продолжить».