Sociohistorical perspective as a parameter of linguistic research (based on us campaign posters)

The study is devoted to the description of the sociohistorical aspects of the US political discourse on the example of propaganda posters. The purpose of the study is to consider the prospects of using the historical approach in discursive analysis, in particular, to justify the relevance of studying units of political discourse from a sociohistorical perspective. A hypothesis has been put forward about the relevance of parametric analysis methods, which allow avoiding subjective or incorrect interpretation in the analysis of political texts, which are a complex object of linguistic research. Using the methods of parametric analysis, implicit and explicit ways of actualizing the sociohistorical perspective in a political text are identified and described, which can take the form of intertextual and interdiscursive means. The analysis of the material revealed difficulties in interpreting those political messages, the meaning of which is due to the extralinguistic factor. The multimodal aspect of the transmission of information that occurs through verbal and non-verbal information channels is considered. The importance of including a sociohistorical parameter in the linguo-stylistic analysis of political discourse, which is characterized by an inextricable link with the historical moment and social practices, is proved, and the role of background knowledge as an integral component of the professional competence of a researcher in the interpretation of political texts is emphasized.