The relationship of language and speech as a subject of pedagogical linguistics

Pedagogical linguistics is considered as a direction of modern Russian studies, in which a special aspect of systematic language learning is implemented, taking into account the specifics of the teaching function. The allocation of this aspect is due to the different tasks of the educational and scientific description of the language. The subject of pedagogical linguistics is the interaction of a teacher and a student in the process of mastering the theoretical and practical foundations of language as an object of reality. The theoretical justification of the opposition of language and speech is presented, the main differences between them are considered. The school material of Russian phonetics is analyzed from the point of view of the implementation of this opposition. His analysis shows the insufficiency and inconsistency of taking into account the relationship of language and speech as interrelated, but not identical phenomena in the school study of phonetics. The conceptual and practical necessity of including the concept of phoneme as a linguistic unit in its relation to the background (sound) in the school textbook is substantiated as a speech unit. The language and speech aspects, being not identical, assume each other, revealing unity: the speech aspect allows you to see the language in its functional form, which is represented in communication (human speech activity). It is proved that a consistent and systematic theoretical presentation of the material on the relationship of language and speech in relation to phoneme and sound allows us to comprehend more fully and consistently the practice of transcribing and phonetic parsing of a word.