Classification of text units with the semantics of references in Russian language system

We consider the main qualification features of text units with the semantics of reference to participants in the communicative Russian speech space, taking into account lexical and grammatical ways of expression. This allows us to determine their differential features and classification types, reflecting the dynamics in the formation of references in the system of the modern Russian language. We pay special attention to references of different forms, which not only represent the speaker’s attitude to the object of speech, characterize it, but also enhance imagery and emotionality, give us an idea of the author as a linguistic person. We emphasize that conversion should be considered a linguistic universal. It serves the organization and regulation of communication relations. The choice of a particular form of reference reflects the attitude towards the interlocutor, conditioned by a variety of factors. That is why conversion is a socially important component of dialogical speech. We determine the main parameters of the semantic, grammatical and functional features of references based on the materials of linguistic research, as well as the prospects for scientific research in this direction. A survey is conducted on the use of certain forms of references strangers among students of the Derzhavin Tambov State University. Questions related to their perception of the most frequent references in the modern Russian language are proposed. We establish that in modern Russian there is a problem when references a stranger.