Study of physicochemical characteristics, mechanism of action, safety and tolerance of the Russian drug Semaglutide

in recent years, the problem of effective treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become increasingly important. Among the new approaches, special attention is paid to the use of Semaglutide, a synthetic analogue of the human incretin hormone GLP-1. The aim of the work is to identify the advantages of Semaglutide, its mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, as well as to assess the safety of the drug. The article discusses the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic features, effects on body weight, the cardiovascular system and the gastrointestinal tract. The methodology includes methods of comparative analysis, pharmacological research, assessment of the safety and efficacy of drugs. Preclinical studies that have shown the possible risks of using the drug during pregnancy are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the advantages of Semaglutide in comparison with other hypoglycemic agents, such as Metformin and Forsiga. It has been established that Semaglutide has high efficiency, low risk of side effects, a convenient dosing regimen and additional properties that help reduce body weight and improve metabolic parameters. The article highlights the prospects of using this drug in clinical practice, its positive effect on the general condition of patients and reduction of the risk of complications in type 2 diabetes. The results of the analysis confirm the need for further study of Semaglutide and its integration into the standards of diabetes treatment.

type 2 diabetes, antidiabetic drugs, Semaglutide, safety and tolerability, glucagon-like peptide-1, obesity