Нутритивная поддержка в составе комплексной терапии паллиативных онкологических больных (обзор)
- Авторы: Обухова О.А.1, Курмуков И.А.1, Юнаев Г.С.1
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Учреждения:
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина
- Выпуск: Том 5, № 3 (2024)
- Страницы: 134-144
- Раздел: Научные обзоры
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2658-4433/article/view/312024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/clinutr679021
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/EMLTSK
- ID: 312024
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Аннотация
Роль нутритивной поддержки инкурабельных онкологических больных по-прежнему остаётся спорной темой. Однако в клинических рекомендациях по оказанию паллиативной помощи предлагается оценивать дефицит питания, поскольку голодание ухудшает функциональный статус, качество жизни, приводит к незапланированным госпитализациям и снижению выживаемости.
В настоящем обзоре представлены современные данные о коррекции синдрома анорексии-кахексии в составе комплексной паллиативной помощи. Поиск первоисточников проведён в Научной электронной библиотеке (eLibrary.ru), поисковой системе PubMed и ограничен периодом их публикаций (2000–2024 гг.).
На основании нашего анализа определена необходимость индивидуальной нутритивной поддержки как основы сдерживания кахексии, направленной на улучшение качества жизни. При недостаточном пероральном поступлении пищи в первую очередь рекомендуются консультации диетолога, смежных специалистов, коррекция диспепсических явлений. При неэффективности этих мер показано использование сипинга и домашнего зондового питания. Эффективность применения фармакологических методов коррекции синдрома анорексии-кахексии остаётся спорной. Активно обсуждается необходимость проведения дозированной лечебной гимнастики как одной из мер предотвращения прогрессирования саркопении.
Таким образом, несмотря на изначально симптоматический характер лечения синдрома анорексии-кахексии на этапе паллиативной помощи, индивидуально подобранная нутритивная поддержка в сочетании с лимитированной физической нагрузкой и симптоматическим лечением способна улучшить качество жизни паллиативных онкологических больных.
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Ольга Аркадьевна Обухова
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: obukhova0404@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0197-7721
SPIN-код: 6876-7701
кандидат мед. наук
Россия, 115522, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 24Илдар Анварович Курмуков
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина
Email: kurmukovia@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8463-2600
SPIN-код: 3692-5202
кандидат медицинских наук
Россия, 115522, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 24Григорий Сергеевич Юнаев
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина
Email: garik_dr@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9562-9113
SPIN-код: 4410-8937
Россия, 115522, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 24
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