Realization of Bos taurus reproductive capacity by means of hormonal regulation (review)
- Authors: Frolov A.N.1, Zavyalov O.A.1, Aldyarov T.B.1, Medetov E.S.1, Galieva Z.A.2
-
Affiliations:
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Bashkir State Agrarian University
- Issue: Vol 17, No 3 (2025)
- Pages: 557-578
- Section: Scientific Reviews and Reports
- Published: 31.08.2025
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2658-6649/article/view/316326
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2025-17-3-1143
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XXCSTI
- ID: 316326
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Background. Hormones are biologically active substances that interact with each other and regulate physiological and metabolic processes in the body of farm animals. Any failure in the hormonal homeostasis of the body leads to a decrease in the productive and reproductive qualities of animals and, as a consequence, to economic losses. Despite significant advances in understanding the hormonal regulation of the cow's sexual cycle, there is a serious lack of comprehensive studies on the interaction of hormones with receptors in target cells, their activation or suppression of the expression of certain genes involved in the synthesis of proteins and enzymes, as well as the mechanisms of regulation of hormonal systems. This is a serious problem, since the lack of such data does not reveal the full mechanism of action of a particular hormone and its role in reproductive capacity. In this review, we tried to systematize the available data on the issue under study. The objects of study were scientific publications devoted to various aspects of hormonal regulation of the sexual function of cattle. The search was carried out in the PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Elibrary and other open Internet sources. Based on the search results, data on the mechanism of action of cattle sex hormones were systematized: follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, estrogens, progesterone, testosterone and prostaglandins. Particular attention in the article is paid to the problems of hormonal disorders and their impact on the reproductive health of the animal. Understanding these issues allows us to differently evaluate the mechanisms of action and the level of influence of hormones on reproductive qualities, which is very important for the modernization of reproductive technologies and increasing the efficiency of agricultural production.
Purpose. To analyze the existing scientific data on gonadotropic and gonadal hormones affecting the reproductive function of cattle.
About the authors
Alexey N. Frolov
Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: forleh@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4525-2554
SPIN-code: 8129-5450
Dr. of Bio. Sc.
Russian Federation, 29, 9 January Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation
Oleg A. Zavyalov
Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: oleg-zavyalov83@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2033-3956
SPIN-code: 6946-7296
Dr. of Bio. Sc.
Russian Federation, 29, 9 January Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation
Timur B. Aldyarov
Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: aldyyarov97@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8636-7553
SPIN-code: 9730-0812
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Junior Researcher at the Department of Technology of Beef Cattle Breeding and Beef Production
Russian Federation, 29, 9 January Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation
Erlan S. Medetov
Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: erlanmedetov29@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9424-4254
SPIN-code: 3783-7465
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Junior Researcher at the Department of Technology of Beef Cattle Breeding and Beef Production
Russian Federation, 29, 9 January Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation
Zulfiya A. Galieva
Bashkir State Agrarian University
Email: zulfia2704@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9973-7165
SPIN-code: 5315-9065
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Docent, Department of Technology of Meat, Dairy Products and Chemistry
Russian Federation, 34, 50th anniversary October’s Str., Ufa, 450001, Russian Federation
References
- Fedotov, S. V., Oleinikova, E. E., & Burykh, A. A. (2020). Regulation of reproduction in cattle. In Agrarian science — for agriculture: Collection of materials of the XV International scientific-practical conference (Vol. 2, pp. 372-374). Barnaul: Altai State Agrarian University. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/fagqvh
- Savenko, N. A. (2008). Program for improvement of dairy cattle in Moscow region (2007-2015). Moscow: Minselkhozprod MO. 80 p.
- Fedotov, S. V., Belozertseva, N. S., Gominyuk, V. V., & Myasnikova, I. R. (2016). Improvement of diagnostics and therapy of obstetric and gynecological diseases in cows at large livestock enterprises. Bulletin of Altai State Agrarian University, 2(136), 106-114. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/vqspsl
- Bekseitov, T. K., & Abeldinov, R. B. (2018). Polymorphism and milk productivity of Simmental cows depending on genotype of pituitary hormone prolactin gene. In Fodder production, productivity, longevity and welfare of animals: Materials of the international scientific-practical conference (pp. 9-13). Novosibirsk: Publishing Center of NSAU «Golden Ear». EDN: https://elibrary.ru/mgysnv
- Nazarov, M. V., Grin’, V. A., & Gorpinchenko, E. A. (2017). Hormonal regulation of reproductive function in cows and heifers. Veterinary Science of Kuban, 4, 10-12. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/zduikn
- Park, S. R., Kim, S. R., Kim, S. K., Park, J. R., & Hong, I. S. (2022). A novel role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in various regeneration-related functions of endometrial stem cells. Exp Mol Med, 54(9), 1524-1535. https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-022-00858-1. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/gkejiw
- Crépieux, P., Marion, S., Martinat, N., Fafeur, V., Vern, Y. L., Kerboeuf, D., Guillou, F., & Reiter, E. (2001). The ERK-dependent signalling is stage-specifically modulated by FSH, during primary Sertoli cell maturation. Oncogene, 20(34), 4696-709. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1204632
- GOST 2775-2014 Artificial insemination of farm animals. Terms and definitions (2015). Moscow: Standartinform.
- Bhartiya, D., & Patel, H. (2021). An overview of FSH-FSHR biology and explaining the existing conundrums. J Ovarian Res, 14, 144. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-021-00880-3. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/righdg
- Casarini, L., & Crépieux, P. (2019). Molecular Mechanisms of Action of FSH. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 10, 305. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00305
- Hillier, S. (2004). Rôles respectifs des gonadotrophines sur la croissance folliculaire et la maturation ovocytaire. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris), 33(6 Pt 2), 3S11-4.
- Hugues, J. N., & Cedrin-Durnerin, I. (2000). Le rôle de l’hormone lutéinisante dans la physiologie du follicule et du corps jaune [Role of luteinizing hormone in follicular and corpus luteum physiology]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil, 28(10), 738-744. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1297-9589(00)00005-9.
- Chulichkova, S. A. (2016). Features of hormonal status in cows at early stages of pregnancy. In Young scientists in solving urgent scientific problems: Materials of the international scientific-practical conference of young scientists and specialists (pp. 271-274). Troitsk: South Ural State Agrarian University. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/wmxuex
- Boldonova, N. A., & Druzhinina, E. B. (2014). Folliculo- and oogenesis: chemical properties and biological action of luteinizing hormone. Siberian Medical Journal (Irkutsk), 129(6), 28-31. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/tneoyz
- Kovaleva, Yu. V. (2011). Role of luteinizing hormone in folliculogenesis and ovulation induction. Baltic Journal of Modern Endocrinology, 2, 21-28. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/pfwbyh
- Shevlyuk, N. N., & Stadnikov, A. A. (2010). Leydig cells of vertebrate testes: (ontogenesis, ultrastructure, cytophysiology, factors and mechanisms of regulation). Orenburg: Orenburg State Medical Academy. 484 p. ISBN: 978-5-91924-011-2. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/tbdzht
- Luo, W., Gumen, A., Haughian, J. M., & Wiltbank, M. C. (2011). The role of luteinizing hormone in regulating gene expression during selection of a dominant follicle in cattle. Biol Reprod, 84(2), 369-378. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.110.085274. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/oankod
- Dovzhikova, I. V., & Andrievskaya, I. A. (2019). Estrogen receptors (literature review). Part 1. Bulletin of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, 72, 120-127. https://doi.org/10.12737/article_5d0ad2e5d54867.15780111. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/wdqnkp
- Kareva, E. N., & Shimanovsky, N. L. (2011). Molecular pharmacology of estrogens. Molecular Medicine, 1, 10-18. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ndnxhf
- Shantanova, E. V., & Svinareva, Yu. S. (2020). Structure and physicochemical properties of estradiol. In Current issues in pharmaceutical and natural sciences: Collection of articles of the All-Russian student scientific-practical conference with international participation (pp. 69-72). Irkutsk: Irkutsk State Medical University. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/nkqsim
- Lin, Y. P., Kwon, H. B., Petrino, T. R., & Schuetz, A. W. (1988). Studies on the Mechanism of Action of Estradiol in Regulating Follicular Progesterone Levels: Effects on cAMP Mediated Events and 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase. Developmental Growth & Differentiation, 30(6), 611-618. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-169X.1988.00611.x. PMID: 37282213
- Lutsenko, M. T., Andrievskaya, I. A., & Dovzhikova, I. V. (2016). Role of estradiol in maintenance of fetoplacental system. Bulletin of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, 61, 75-79. https://doi.org/10.12737/21458. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/wmbrll
- Vasilieva, S. V., & Konopatov, Yu. V. (2009). Clinical biochemistry of cattle. Saint Petersburg: Saint Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. 179 p. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/vfarxn
- Abilov, A. I., Mityashova, O. S., Mymrin, S. V., et al. (2018). Content of endogenous hormones in bulls-producers considering age, autoimmune status and productivity of maternal ancestors. Agricultural Biology, 53(4), 743-752. https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2018.4.743rus. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/uzblqs
- Dovzhikova, I. V., Andrievskaya, I. A., & Petrova, K. K. (2018). Progesterone receptors: reproductive role. Bulletin of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, 70, 104-112. https://doi.org/10.1537/article_5c1278d242a333.68376622. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/yrptad
- Kuhl, H. (2005). Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration. Climacteric, 8 Suppl 1, 3-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/13697130500148875.
- Brann, D. W., & Mahesh, V. B. (1991). Detailed examination of the mechanism and site of action of progesterone and corticosteroids in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion: hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone and catecholamine involvement. Biology of Reproduction, 44(6), 1005-1015. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod44.6.1005.
- Repina, M. A. (2011). Progesterone and pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases, 60(3), 130-135. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ofsqvf
- Dovzhikova, I. V., Andrievskaya, I. A., & Petrova, K. K. (2018). Progesterone receptors: reproductive role. Bulletin of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, 70, 104-112. https://doi.org/10.1537/article_5c1278d242a333.68376622. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/yrptad
- Kлинский, Yu. D. (2011). Neurohumoral regulation of reproductive function in cows. In Practical use of modern scientific developments in reproduction and selection of cattle: Materials of the plenary session of the international scientific-practical conference (pp. 181-195). Dubrovitsy: Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/qokywx
- Abilov, A. I., Mityashova, O. S., Mymrin, S. V., et al. (2018). Content of endogenous hormones in bulls-producers considering age, autoimmune status and productivity of maternal ancestors. Agricultural Biology, 53(4), 743-752. https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2018.4.743rus. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/uzblqs
- Bridges, N. A., Hindmarsh, P. C., Pringle, P. J., Matthews, D. R., & Brook, C. G. (1993). The relationship between endogenous testosterone and gonadotrophin secretion. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 38(4), 373-378. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1993.tb00517.x
- Amerkhanov, Kh. A., Abilov, A. I., Eskin, G. V., et al. (2014). Content of testosterone and cholesterol in blood serum of bull-producers depending on type of productivity, age and season of the year. Agricultural Biology, 49(2), 59-66. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/sbjjqv
- Goretskaya, M. Ya., & Beme, I. R. (2020). Testosterone in regulation of various aspects of behavior and physiology in birds. Zoological Journal, 99(12), 1415-1423. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044513420090093. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ttjqju
- Pavlov, S. A., Kutaev, E. M., & Oleinikov, N. A. (2017). Role of prostaglandin compounds in reproductive system of animals. In Current problems of biotechnology and veterinary medicine: Materials of the international scientific-practical conference of young scientists (pp. 142-152). Irkutsk: Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevsky. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/xzghnr
- Downie, J., Poyser, N. L., & Wunderlich, M. (1974). Levels of prostaglandins in human endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle. J Physiol, 236(2), 465-472. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010446
- Hooper, S. B., Watkins, W. B., & Thorburn, G. D. (1986). Oxytocin, oxytocin-associated neurophysin, and prostaglandin F2 alpha concentrations in the utero-ovarian vein of pregnant and nonpregnant sheep. Endocrinology, 119(6), 2590-2597. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-119-6-2590
- Peter, C. (2004). The Eicosanoids. In Peter Curtis-Prior (Ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-48984-9
- Samuelsson, B. (1978). Prostaglandins and thromboxanes. Recent Prog Horm Res, 34, 239-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-571134-0.50010-7
- Belik, S. V., & Lozovoy, N. M. (2022). Modern understanding of the sexual cycle of cows and its regulation. In Current issues in veterinary medicine, veterinary and sanitary examination and animal science: Abstracts of the Round Table materials (pp. 19-21). Voronezh: Voronezh State Agrarian University. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/whmhcc
- Zubkova, L. I., Moskalenko, L. P., & Ganguar, V. Ya. (2012). Reproduction of cattle. Yaroslavl: Yaroslavl State Agricultural Academy. 150 p. ISBN: 978-5-98914-112-8. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ukighd
- Prokofiev, M. I. (1983). Regulation of reproduction in farm animals. Leningrad: Nauka. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/uhjfml
- Smirnov, E. P., & Korotkova, D. A. (2021). Hypothalamic-pituitary system and its role in animal organism. In Student science — the first step to digitalization of agriculture (pp. 111-113). Cheboksary: Chuvash State Agrarian University. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/tvijbo
- Ernst, L. K., & Varnavsky, A. N. (2007). Animal reproduction. Dubrovitsy: Infoservice. 282 p.
- Yakubova, D. R., & Kalashnikova, M. V. (2022). Neurohumoral regulation of sexual functions during artificial insemination of animals. In Successes of youth science in agro-industrial complex (pp. 158-166). Tyumen: Northern Trans-Urals State Agrarian University. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/fcqioz
- Klinsky, Yu. D. (2011). Neurohumoral regulation of reproductive function in cows. In Practical use of modern scientific developments in reproduction and selection of cattle (pp. 181-195). Dubrovitsy: Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/qokywx
- Pisarenko, N. A. (2006). Neuroendocrine regulation of sexual function in farm animals. Stavropol: Stavropol Research Institute of Crop Production. 21 p. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/vnduyn
- Nyankenkova, O. A., & Nyankenkov, A. A. (2022). Role of nervous and endocrine regulation of the organism. In In the world of scientific discoveries (pp. 1699-1702). Ulyanovsk: USAU. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/bgiowo
- Bardin, V. S., Shubina, O. S., & Volkova, N. S. (2017). Structure and functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary system (literature review). In Evseviev readings (pp. 4-8). Saransk: MPGU. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/zfxfnn
- Serdyuchenko, I. V., Khoroshaylo, T. A., & Kozubov, A. S. (2022). Influence of different methods of synchronization of cows’ sexual heat on their reproductive qualities. Bulletin of Ryazan State Agrarian University, 14(4), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.36508/RSATU.2022.47.28.010. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ldpoyo
Supplementary files
