IMMUNOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER. PROTOTYPING

A prototype of the method of immunochemical detection of different types of solid cancers (primary and recurrent) in the early stages was developed. According to the initial hypothesis, the sera of patients with malignant tumors of different localization and different histological nature, contain different sets of autoantibodies (auto-Ab) of IgG class to many cancer-associated antigens (CA-AG). The content of such auto-Ab differs in cancer patients and patients with non-malignant chronic diseases, which determines the difference in serum immunoreactivity profiles of cancer patients and patients with non-malignant diseases. Confirmation of this hypothesis opens up prospects for the creation of simple and cheap laboratory methods of mass preventive examination of the population for the early detection of different cancers. The confirmation of the hypothesis was obtained. Moreover, even with non-optimal sets of test antigens, with the help of solid-phase ELISA it was possible to achieve sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 68% in the differentiation of blood sera of cancer (lung, stomach, ovary, prostate) and non-cancer patients (chronic inflammatory diseases of the lungs, stomach, ovary, prostate) and nearly 90% in the differentiation of healthy individuals from cancer patients.

Oncology, solid tumors, laboratory diagnosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, autoantibodies