Изображение людей с психическими отклонениями в новостных СМИ Индонезии: корпусное дискурсивное исследование
- Авторы: Аль-Фаджри М.Ш.1, Истиана А.2
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Учреждения:
- Университет Аирланга
- Университет Саната Дхарма
- Выпуск: Том 29, № 3 (2025)
- Страницы: 492-512
- Раздел: Статьи
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2687-0088/article/view/332244
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-44223
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BHKVON
- ID: 332244
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Аннотация
Средства массовой информации играют ключевую роль в формировании общественного мнения, часто способствуя укреплению стереотипов и распространению дезинформации о людях с психическими отклонениями. Цель данной статьи - выявить, как индонезийские онлайн СМИ (с 2011 по 2020 год) создавали образ людей с психическими отклонениями через язык и дискурс. Используя междисциплинарный подход, авторы проводят корпусное дискурсивное исследование с применением концепции акторов социальной сети (van Leeuwen 2008), а также модели ограниченных возможностей в новостных СМИ. Результаты показывают, что доминирующим является представление людей с ментальными расстройствами как пациентов или больных, в сенсационных нарративах их часто связывают с преступностью. Лингвистически эти представления реализуются через функционализацию, частое использование словосочетаний, связанных с медицинскими терминами, и пассивизацию, которая ставит возможность повлиять на ситуацию на второй план. Дискурсивно они поддерживаются через распределение ролей, в которых люди с психическими отклонениями изображаются преимущественно либо как пассивные пациенты, либо как активные преступники. Подобные изображения закрепляют пагубные стереотипы, подчеркивая опасность и девиантность, в то время как дискриминации, стигматизации или структурным барьерам уделяется недостаточно внимания. В статье делается предположение о том, что такое освещение в СМИ определяется коммерческими соображениями и ценностями, которые ставят прибыль выше прогрессивного репортажа. В результате нарративы, связанные с гражданскими правами или социальными моделями, оказываются на периферии. Сохранение таких представлений способствует общественному стигматизированию, ограничивает доступ людей с психическими расстройствами к поддержке и получению помощи. Авторы статьи выступают за более сбалансированную журналистику, которая описывает реальные жизненные ситуации, освещает системные проблемы и рассказывает об историях выздоровления, способствуя таким образом инклюзивному и беспристрастному освещению вопросов психического здоровья в СМИ.
Об авторах
Мухамад Шолахуддин Аль-Фаджри
Университет Аирланга
Email: m-sholakhuddin-al-fajri@vokasi.unair.ac.id
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5628-065X
преподает в Университете Аирланга, Индонезия. Его научные интересы включают корпусные дискурсивные исследования, корпусную лингвистику и критический дискурс-анализ. Он является автором ряда статей в международных журналах - Media Asia, Training, Language and Culture, Journal of Language and Education и др., членом редакционного совета SAGE Open.
Сурабая, ИндонезияАрина Истиана
Университет Саната Дхарма
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: arina@usd.ac.id
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4273-1330
доцент кафедры лингвистики Университета Саната Дхарма, Индонезия. В сферу ее научных интересов входят корпусная лингвистика, критический дискурс-анализ и эколингвистика. Имеет публикации в международных журналах - Research Results. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, World of Media, Cogent Arts and Humanities, является главным редактором журнала Journal of Language and Literature.
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