Public health
The publication's topics are diverse: health policy, demographic situation, the impact of the environment and nutrition on the health of the population, the activities of the health system; training of medical personnel, legislative and regulatory acts in this area. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the health status of certain categories of the population, factors affecting health, primarily social, sanitary and epidemiological conditions in various regions of Russia.
The journal publishes articles in Russian. Each article is accompanied by a meaningful summary and metadata in Russian and English.
According to the license Agreement, all the new issues of the journal will be published in the public domain on the websites of the Cyberleninka electronic library under the following domain names: cyberleninka.ru, cyberleninka.net, cyberleninka.com, cyberleninka.org.
In accordance with the Agreement on Joining the CrossRef international system of bibliographic references, the journal assigns DOI to all scientific papers free of charge.
Media registration certificate: ПИ № ФС 77 - 79669 от 27.11.2020
Founder: Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Editor-in-chief: Oleg O. Salagay, Ph.D. (Medicine)
Frequency / Access: 4 issues per year / Open
Included in: Higher Attestation Commission List, RISC
Current Issue
Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
GOVERNMENTAL POLICY
Analysis of public health infrastructure and medical prevention in the Russian Federation in the period 2013–2022
Abstract
The main strategic element of the system being formed, designed to solve preventive tasks at the regional and municipal level, has become Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention (COSiMP). The article provides an analysis of the activities of the COSiMP for the period 2013–2022 in the Russian Federation and offers recommendations for its improvement. Materials and methods. The analysis includes the structure of the COSiMP; material and technical equipment; dynamics of personnel training in the context of individual categories, sociological research, number and staffing, funds received for preventive work with the population, circulation of publications published by the COSiMP; mass work and advisory and recreational activities of the Center. The data on the activities of the COSiMP were analyzed according to the reporting form No. 70 for the period 2013–2022. The specifics of the COSiMP activity were assessed by calculating the median value of the indicator for the corresponding year, as well as the percentage of changes in this indicator against another period. Results. The total number of structural divisions in the COSiMP has changed slightly: from 560 in 2013 to 547 in 2022. After the reform of the medical prevention system carried out by the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2020, public health and medical prevention centers with a fundamentally different structure were formed in the regions. During the period 2013–2022, a slight increase in full-time positions in the CSIMP was revealed from 3720 to 3771, respectively. From 2013 to 2022, the number of trained students increased by 31.7%, but the number of trained physicians decreased by 45.3%. Conclusion. During the studied period, the COSiMP underwent serious changes. The growth in the number of programs and projects implemented by the Centers, the impressive volume of mass work carried out shows the demand for these medical organizations. However, the statistical form used to collect the necessary information about the activities of the COSiMP has been de-actualized to date and does not comply with the main provisions of the acts regulating the activities of these organizations.
Public health. 2024;4(1):4-17
4-17
REGIONAL ASPECTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Social care institutions workers of the far eastern federal district awareness on HIV-infection and its significance in providing quality services and lowering self-perceived HIV risk
Abstract
Objective of the research: to reveal level of awareness and stigmatizing factors that influence service provision, to disclose self-perceived HIV risk of social care workers and a necessity of planning events targeted at increasing their competence concerning the issues of HIV-infection. Materials and methods: by the means of a structured questionnaire, a sociological research was conducted among 386 specialists of social care institutions of 6 constituent entities of the Far Eastern Federal district. Mean age of survey participants was 41.5 years, work experience – 11.2 years. Sociological (survey) and analytical research methods were utilized in the study. Results: HIV/AIDS epidemic is one of main medical and social issues of modern days. Specialists of social care institutions will inevitably meet with people living with HIV during their practice. Their insufficient awareness about HIV transmission route, stigmatization of people living with HIV cause fear and reluctance to work with such recipients of the service. Respondents rated their knowledge on the issue of HIV-infection as satisfactory in 74.7%. All participants were well aware of main routs of HIV transmission however, mother-to-child transmission was known only by 66.1% of respondents. A certain lack of knowledge was revealed regarding self-perceived HIV risk as well as anxiety regarding working with HIV-infected clients and high rate of alert when working with HIV-positive colleagues. However, up to 25.7% of respondents expressed their readiness to help people living with HIV. Using condoms, disposable medical instruments and personal hygiene items as well as avoiding intravenous drug use were selected by survey participants as measures of HIV-infection prevention. Conclusion: the results of the research indicate insufficient level of awareness on the issue, because of which a conclusion can be made that there is a certain degree of stigmatization of clients living with HIV receiving social services, as well as existence of self-perceived occupational vulnerability to HIV among social workers. This reveals a necessity of further surveillance over social workers’ knowledge to define priority topics in order to increase their professional competence on the issue of HIV-infection as well as expediency of holding training seminars for specialists of social care institutions contributing to development of their practical skills in work with HIV-positive clients.
Public health. 2024;4(1):18-29
18-29
Sociological analysis of the functioning of early assistance services for children under 3 years in the Krasnoyarsk Krai
Abstract
The purpose of the study is a comprehensive sociological analysis of the functioning of early intervention services for children under 3 years of age in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The tasks of the analysis include: 1) studying the structure of the early intervention service as a social organization, the functions of its elements, systemic connections and relationships between them; 2) studying the satisfaction of representatives of client families with the work of early intervention services; 3) studying the subjective perceptions of employees of early intervention services and representative’s client families about the content and meaning of the services. The authors used the methods of a sociological survey, in-depth interviews, participant observation. Based on a number of indicators, the authors concluded that early intervention services were predominantly highly effective. The article shows the problem area of the functioning of early intervention services, which lies in the difference in understanding the goals and results of working with children on the part of client families and early intervention service specialists. Specialists see as the main goal the development of functional skills by children that contribute to socialization and independence, and then the improvement, the acquisition of educational, cognitive skills. Parents often prioritize learning skills when setting class goals. This difference may reduce parental satisfaction with the results of early intervention and the effectiveness of classes. The authors revealed the dependence of the level of involvement of parents in work with children together with specialists from early intervention services on the length of service and the age of the child. The more experience and the older the child, the less parents are involved in working with children. The authors proposed a social typology of representatives of client families on the grounds of their involvement in work with children and their attitude to the results of work with a child.
Public health. 2024;4(1):30-42
30-42
PUBLIC HEALTH COMMUNICATIONS
”The art of being healthy!”: results of the second all-russian competition
Abstract
Art and culture can be a tool that contributes to the health and well-being of the population. Methods based on art and culture can be used not only in the treatment of diseases, but also in the field of public health promotion as modern approaches to the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. In the Russian Federation, the Centers for Public Health and Medical Prevention are working to promote a healthy lifestyle and prevent risk factors for the development of diseases, information and communication campaigns, but new approaches are required, in a non-standard, creative format, which contribute not only to informing, but also to the emotional involvement of the population in the activities, including vulnerable groups of the population, as well as the development of intersectoral cooperation between the system of strengthening public health and culture/art, identification of best practices. For this purpose, the All-Russian competition of projects «The Art of being healthy» was developed, applying art and culture in the practice of strengthening public health. In 2021, the first competition was held, for which 15 applications were submitted. In 2023, the second competition was held with international participation, for which 25 applications were submitted. Of these, 22 projects (10 implemented and 12 planned) were selected for the competition, which met the selection criteria. A mandatory criterion is to evaluate the effectiveness of projects. The first place was taken by the project «Heroic grandchildren» (Moscow region); the second place – the project «Health in colors» (Republic of Karelia); the third place – the project «Dance for health» (Nizhny Novgorod region). All projects participating in the competition represent evidence-based approaches to health promotion through art and culture and form a library of best practices.
Public health. 2024;4(1):43-54
43-54
QUESTIONS OF HISTORY
Medical and social aspects of the activities of local self-government and the medical community of Yekaterinodar in the late XIX – early XX century
Abstract
The purpose of the study: to study the medical and social aspects of the activities of public institutions of the city of Yekaterinodar in the early twentieth century, as a reflection of global trends shaping the public health system. Materials and methods: historical-descriptive, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, biographical methods were used in the work. The article is based on published sources and archival materials available to the authors. Results. Currently, there is no doubt that the level of public health depends not only on the activities of medical institutions, the qualifications of doctors, medical staff, but also on the timely comprehensive solution of many social issues with the participation of public and state institutions. The article presents some examples of the formation of such interaction and original solutions to urgent medical and social problems in Yekaterinodar (now Krasnodar) at the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX century. The issues of financing medical institutions, medical salaries and pensions, the organization of measures to combat epidemics, the formation of sanitary services, the opening of new specialized hospital departments, and services for the poorest segments of the population were touched upon. The elements of educational work, ways to solve the problem of high infant mortality and the organization of the first Consultation for infants are shown. Many doctors actively participated in the work of local city government, being “public” of the City Duma and the City Council, thereby contributing to the solution of many social and medical issues, including problems of payment for treatment, different categories of the population and “hospital arrears”. Conclusion . Thus, without having a clear state concept and program for the development of healthcare, the city administration, together with the medical community, demonstrated the desire and possibility of jointly solving many medical and social problems of the city of Yekaterinodar. That is, during this period, the potential properties and understanding of the need for the development of the public health system and sphere were formed in the regional society.
Public health. 2024;4(1):55-63
55-63
CONGRATULATIONS
Academician Valery Konstantinovich Leontiev is 85
Public health. 2024;4(1):64-64
64-64
Academician Gennady Petrovich Kotelnikov is 75
Public health. 2024;4(1):65-65
65-65
Academician Leyla Vagoevna Adamyan is 75
Public health. 2024;4(1):66-66
66-66