Sanitary and parasitologic state of environmental objects. Analysis of work of the center for hy-giene and epidemiology in astrakhan region for 2015–2019

Objective. To study the sanitary and parasitologic state of environmental objects in Astrakhan Region for 2015–2019 at the example of studying the samples of soil, water and solid surface washes.

Materials and methods. Over the period from 2015 to 2019, at the laboratory departments of “The Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Astrakhan Region”, 15253 samples from different environmental objects were taken, 21850 studies were carried out. The number of samples, which did not satisfy the hygienic norms, was 2.5 % (383 samples).

Results. For the analyzed period, 4002 samples (26.2 %) of soil from the territory of Astrakhan and Astrakhan Region were taken and studied; 8004 investigations were performed. The number of samples, which did not satisfy the hygienic standards, was 7.5 % (300 samples). The number of samples of the washes from the solid surfaces was 56.7 % (8656 samples). Unsatisfactory samples made up 0.01 % (1 sample) – in this sample, teniid oncospheres were detected (2019). The study of water samples taken from different water objects formed 17.0 % (2595 samples) out of the number of all sanitary and parasitologic studies carried out in 2015–2019. Water was taken from different sources of water supply including centralized water supply, water from swimming pools, water from open reservoirs and wastewater.

Conclusions. The presence of moving larvae of palisade worms and toxocar eggs in the soil confirms the infested animal fecal contamination of this object, and the presence of ascarid, opisthorchis, Hymenolepis nana, teniid oncospheres eggs and dysentery amoeba cysts in the soil – the infested human fecal contamination. The presence of teniid oncospheres in the solid indoor washes demonstrates the contact of the infested person with this object. The presence of helminth eggs and larvae, typical for animals and human being in the samples taken from the open reservoirs indicates, first of all, contamination of these objects by feces of infested human beings and/or animals as well as the supposed version of water contamination by wastewater. The presence of eggs and larvae of helminths in the wastewater, dangerous for animals and human beings, testifies to a low-quality work of treatment facilities.