MORFOMETRIChESKIE KhARAKTERISTIKI KOSTNOGO TAZA U OBEZ'YaN I ChELOVEKA

The study of the characteristics of the pelvis and its development during evolution is of great importance for understanding the phylogenetic pathway of man. In the functional aspect, the human pelvis performs several functions at once: the center of gravity is localized in it, pelvis is a kind of bone “receptacle” for internal organs, and also acts as a support belt with the help of a strong and complex ligamentous apparatus and specially developed powerful muscles, including our movement. To understand how the structure of the bone pelvis changed during the transition to upright posture, we performed a morphometric study of the human pelvis (male pelvis) and three primates (males): gibbon, anubis, and rhesus monkey. Both standard and non-standard sizes were measured, and many of the data presented are published for the first time, which indicates a relatively low degree of coverage of the issue in the scientific community. In addition, the longitudinal-transverse index of exit from the pelvis and the latitudinal-altitude index of the pelvis were calculated. These indicators, in essence, are the link between the other morphometric parameters, since their value does not depend on body size. The study revealed trends in various morphometric characteristics of the pelvis, primarily due to the gradual transition of human ancestors to upright posture: based on the obtained values, it can be concluded that changes in the parameters of the pelvis in humans and primates vary greatly depending on changes in body position in space. A comparative analysis of the measurements presented in the article showed a significant increase in humans.

Pelvis, anthropometry, conjugates, morphometry, upright posture, pelviometry, primates, anthropogenesis