Event II. The development of Eastern medicine in Russia in the 20th century. The contribution of scientists of the Saint Petersburg-Leningrad school

Galina O. Andreeva; Андреева Галина Олеговна; Galina O. Andreeva; Miroslav M. Odinak; Одинак Мирослав Михайлович; Miroslav M. Odinak; Vasiliy N. Tsygan; Цыган Василий Николаевич; Vasiliy N. Tsygan; Igor' V. Litvinenko; Литвиненко Игорь Вячеславович; Igor' V. Litvinenko; Svetlana A. Mamaeva; Мамаева Светлана Анатольевна; Svetlana A. Mamaeva

doi:10.17816/rmmar636508

事件二：20世纪俄罗斯东方医学的发展— —圣彼得堡-列宁格勒学派学者的贡献

作者: Andreeva G.O.¹, Odinak M.M.¹, Tsygan V.N.¹, Litvinenko I.V.¹, Mamaeva S.A.¹
隶属关系:
1. Military Medical Academy
期: 卷 43, 编号 4 (2024)
页面: 489-499
栏目: History of medicine
URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/RMMArep/article/view/275791
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/rmmar636508
ID: 275791

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详细

本文回顾了20世纪俄罗斯和苏联传统东方医学的发展历史。19世纪，通过俄罗斯驻北京的宗教使团工作人员和医生获得的有关东方医学的资料多次被分析和重新审视。在19世纪末至20世纪初，布里亚特医生家族 Badmaev 在圣彼得堡开展了医疗实践，并传播了有关藏医的知识。P.A.Badmaev 翻译了藏医经典《四部医典》，这一贡献极大地促进了对东方疗法的理解。

20世纪初，在帝国军事医学科学院，V.V.Korsakov和Ya.A.Violin完成了关于中国医学的论文。1948年，获得语言学和医学双重教育的苏联杰出学者 É.S. Vyazmensky 撰写并答辩了博士论文《简论中国医学的历史与理论》，这一基础性工作深刻影响了苏联东方医学的发展。Vyazmensky 的论文经由下诺夫哥罗德针灸学派创始人V.G.Vograik 修订和补充后，成为1961年出版的《简论中国医学》这一重要苏联著作的基础。

苏联医生D.N.Stoyanovsky 在20世纪40年代末掌握了针灸疗法，推动了东方医学治疗与预防方法在苏联的普及。20世纪50年代是苏联传统东方医学发展的标志性时期，苏联与中华人民共和国之间的密切合作使一批医生在北京学习针灸理论与实践，并成为国内针灸学派的奠基者。

列宁格勒针灸学派的基础由É.D.Tykochinskaya 奠定，其工作由A.T.Kachan和N.N.Bogdanov在列宁格勒国家医生进修学院延续；V.V.Shapkin和M.M.Odinak在S.M.Kirov军事医学学院；R.A.Alexandrova、 Yu.D.Ignatov、Yu.N.Vasilyev和D.A.Dubrovin在第一列宁格勒医学院；G.A.Suslova在列宁格勒儿科医学学院进一步推进。

圣彼得堡（列宁格勒）学派的科学研究、临床应用和专业人才培养工作成果显著。1997年，俄罗斯卫生部通过命令将针灸确立为独立的医学专业。

关键词

R.A.Alexandrova, P.A.Badmaev, N.N.Bogdanov, Yu.N.Vasilyev, Ya.A. Violin, É.S.Vyazmensky, D.A.Dubrovin, Yu.D.Ignatov, A.T.Kachan, V.V.Korsakov, M.M.Odinak, D.N.Stoyanovsky, G.A.Suslova, E.D.Tykochinskaya, V.V.Shapkin, 东方医学, 针灸, 灸法, 藏医, 传统中医, 针灸疗法

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MD, Cand. Sci. (Pedagogical)

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

参考

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