From classical obstetrics to modern industrial technologies

This article provides a comprehensive historical overview of the development of classical obstetrics in Europe and Russia during the 19th century. The concept of classical originated in Europe in the early 19th century and became fundamental to the development of classical obstetrics. At that time, Ernst Bumm was the father of classical obstetrics in Western Europe, while in Russia, Eduard-Anton Y. Krassovsky became the leader and founder of scientific classical obstetrics. Krassovsky founded the first Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in St. Petersburg (1886) and the Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases (1887). The article explores key problems currently faced by obstetrics, highlighting the high prevalence of surgical deliveries. The author emphasizes that pregnancy and childbirth are natural physiological processes that have evolved over centuries to meet the needs of human survival. Therefore, he advocates for promoting natural and high-quality childbirth. He also calls for aligning with global practices by implementing mandatory newborn resuscitation at weeks 24–25 of gestation, which would address various moral, ethical, economic, social, and legal concerns. Furthermore, the article underscores the importance of conducting scientific research with precision to eliminate risks for patients and provides a critical evaluation of certain treatment approaches for postpartum hemorrhage.