妊娠前准备对2型糖尿病患者妊娠过程和结局的影响
- 作者: Borovik N.V.1, Musina Е.V.2, Tiselko A.V.1, Suslova S.V.1, Glavnova O.B.1, Yarmolinskaya M.I.1
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隶属关系:
- The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
- Maternity Hospital No. 6 named after Prof. V.F. Snegiryov
- 期: 卷 70, 编号 3 (2021)
- 页面: 11-19
- 栏目: Original study articles
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/jowd/article/view/58667
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/JOWD58667
- ID: 58667
如何引用文章
详细
论证。世界范围内2型糖尿病发病率的增加、糖尿病和产科护理质量的提高导致2型糖尿病孕妇人数的增加。2型糖尿病妇女的产科和围产期不良结局的频率往往高于1型糖尿病。在世界文献中,很少有关于2型糖尿病患者孕前准备对妊娠过程和结局的影响的研究。
目的是评价妊娠前准备治疗2型糖尿病的有效性。
材料与方法。对124例2型糖尿病患者的妊娠过程和结局进行了回顾性和前瞻性分析。从2010年到2019年,患者在The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott的联邦州预算科学机构的“糖尿病与怀孕”中心进行了观察。在妊娠前准备阶段,研究包括34名患有2型糖尿病的妇女,以及90名怀孕期间的妇女。所有患者均接受临床一般检查,纠正碳水化合物代谢,并在糖尿病学校进行培训,即学习合理营养原则、血糖控制原则、胰岛素治疗原则。采用国家糖化血红蛋白标准化方案认证的方法(源自英语National Glycogemoglobin Standartization Program),以糖化血红蛋白水平评估糖尿病代偿性。该方法根据DCCT研究(源自英语Diabetes Control and Complications Trial)中采用的参考值和血糖水平(每天至少自我监测四次)进行标准化。同时也考虑了妊娠前、妊娠中糖尿病血管并发症的严重程度,以及伴随病理的发现和治疗。根据世界卫生组织的标准,并考虑到根据Quetelet公式计算的孕前体重指数,对肥胖程度进行评估。子痫前期的严重程度是根据联邦临床指南确定的。使用Voluson E6设备(GE Healthcare,美国)对胎儿进行超声检查,用多普勒测量胎儿胎盘复合体血管内的血流。为及时诊断糖尿病胎儿病和胎儿心肌病,采用动态胎儿测量和超声心动图。为了产前评估胎儿状况,从怀孕30周开始进行心脏造影。分娩后,新生儿专家在新生儿出生的第一分钟和第五分钟用阿普加量表评估新生儿的状况,然后观察新生儿早期的病程。
结果。在接受孕前训练的妇女中,妊娠过程和结果都有显著改善:子痫前期的发生率(14.7%)低于计划外怀孕组(40%)的指标,无发现严重的先兆子痫(13.3%非计划怀孕的妇女组)。与未接受孕前训练的妇女(37.8%)相比,计划怀孕妇女组的早产数(14.7%)显著降低。计划怀孕组无胎儿先天性畸形、新生儿低血糖、肥厚性心肌病(在非计划怀孕妇女组,这些指标为6.7;24.4;分别为6.7%)。计划妊娠组无围产期死亡率,计划外妊娠组为3.3%。
结论。2型糖尿病患者妊娠前准备可显著改善妊娠过程和分娩结果。
作者简介
Natalya Borovik
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
Email: borovik1970@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0835-6741
SPIN 代码: 9010-7276
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgЕkaterina Musina
Maternity Hospital No. 6 named after Prof. V.F. Snegiryov
Email: e.musina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7671-0637
SPIN 代码: 6436-9293
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgAlyona Tiselko
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
Email: alenadoc@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2512-833X
SPIN 代码: 5644-9891
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgSvetlana Suslova
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: sv07s@mail.ru
SPIN 代码: 8820-7250
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg
Olga Glavnova
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
Email: o.glavnova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6087-252X
SPIN 代码: 8040-5425
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg
Maria Yarmolinskaya
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
Email: m.yarmolinskaya@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6551-4147
SPIN 代码: 3686-3605
Scopus 作者 ID: 7801562649
Researcher ID: P-2183-2014
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
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