Modern representation about venous circulation in fetoplacental system

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Abstract

The development of venous circulation in fetoplacental system is one of the least known problems in perinatology. In work by a method of ultrasonic Doppler is investigated the development of blood flow in umbilical vein, v. cava inferior and jugulaar veins of a fetus with 8-th on 40-th week of normally developing pregnancy. It is shown, that the parameters of blood flow in the given vessels depends on gestational age of a fetus, conditions of venous return to heart and functional importance of venous vessel.

About the authors

E. K. Ailamazyan

Pavlov State Medical University; Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg

N. N. Konstantinova

Pavlov State Medical University; Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg

A. A. Polyanin

Pavlov State Medical University; Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg

I. U. Kogan

Pavlov State Medical University; Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg

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2. Fig.1. Schematic representation of blood circulation in the feto-placental system (by Creasy R.K., Resnik R., 1989). UV - umbilical vein, VD - venous duct, IVC - inferior vena cava, SPV - superior vena cava, RHV - right hepatic vein, LHV - left hepatic vein, PV - portal vein, VS - portal sinus, RA - right atrium, RV - right ventricle, LA - left atrium, LV - left ventricle, AA - aortic arch, DA - descending aorta, AD - arterial duct, PA - pulmonary artery, P - placenta.

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3. Fig. 2. Topography of the venous duct. VD - venous duct, IVC - inferior vena cava of the fetus, UV - intraabdominal section of the umbilical vein, VS - venous sinus, PV - portal vein, RHV - right hepatic vein, LHV - left hepatic vein, VDI - isthmus of the venous duct, VDO - exit opening (orifice) of the venous duct, VDD - longitudinal dimension of the venous duct.

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4. Fig. 3. Doppler diagram of pulsatile blood flow in the vein.

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5. Fig. 4. Doppler diagram of blood flow in the inferior vena cava. RC - retrograde blood flow.

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6. Fig. 5. Doppler diagram of blood flow in the venous duct.

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7. Fig. 6. Doppler diagram of blood flow in the fetal jugular vein at 24 weeks' gestation. RC - retrograde blood flow.

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8. Fig. 7. Doppler diagram of blood flow in the fetal jugular vein at 34 weeks' gestation. No retrograde blood flow is detected; blood is directed only toward the fetal heart.

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9. Fig. 8. Dynamics of retrograde blood flow (RBF) in the inferior vena cava (IVC) and fetal jugular vein (JV) during pregnancy.

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