Respiratory insufficiency in premature children

Pathology of respiratory system plays a significant role in morbidity and mortality of premature neonates and it means that searching of new and remodeling of existing methods to diagnose and treat respiratory insufficiency (RI) is of particular importance. We evaluated a new method of an early preclinical diagnosis of RI based on using of capnography — assessment of end- tidal CO2 concentration, which makes possible to propose a leading pathophysiological mechanism of RI. Using of the gradient between end-tidal and capillary CO2 concentrations helps to predict development of serious ventilation-perfusion mismatch when it exceeds 2O mm Hg. So, in the treatment of RI in neonates individualized therapy should be used, based on the assessment of the leading pathophysiological mechanism.