Practical recommendations for neonatologists and pediatricians “Congenital ureaplasma, mycoplasma and chlamidia infections” (Draft of clinical recommendations for discussion by specialists)

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Abstract

Congenital chlamydia infection develops as a result of the intranatal transmission of the pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis from mother to fetus, more often occurs in the form of conjunctivitis, symptoms of which appear in the second to third weeks of a child’s life, or atypical pneumonia developing at 2–3 months of an infant’s life. The clinical picture of the pneumonia is characterized by an obsessive paroxysmal whooping pertussis-like cough with a moderately pronounced symptom of intoxication. Rare manifestations and complications of chlamydial infection in the form of encephalitis, myocarditis, recurrent otitis media in children under 6 months of age are described. Congenital ureaplasma and mycoplasma infection caused by pathogenic or opportunistic types of urogenital mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas more often occurs in the form of atypical pneumonia, which develops in 2–3 weeks of a child’s life. It is characterized by a gradual onset with catarrhal syndrome with the addition of a dry, intense paroxysmal cough with a moderately pronounced intoxication syndrome. In premature infants, the course of the disease is more severe, cases of meningitis, sepsis, and myocarditis have been described. Ureaplasma infection is one of the independent risk factors for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy in premature infants. The main criterion for the diagnosis of congenital ureaplasma, mycoplasma or chlamydia infection is the isolation of the deoxyribonucleic acid of the pathogen in biological media by polymerase chain reaction in the presence of clinical and/or laboratory data For the treatment of chlamydia, ureaplasma and mycoplasma infections in newborns and young children, antibacterial drugs from the macrolide group are used in most cases The duration of the course of therapy and the method of administration depends on the severity of the clinical manifestations of infection in the child, the results of laboratory and instrumental studies.

About the authors

Dmitry O. Ivanov

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: spb@gpma.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0060-4168
SPIN-code: 4437-9626

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Neonatology with Courses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education, Rector

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Elena V. Bem

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: e.bohm@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-9337-5667
SPIN-code: 2811-5938

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alexandra S. Panchenko

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: sashawomen18@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2313-3941
SPIN-code: 9552-2350

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Ekaterina N. Balashova

Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology

Email: katbl99@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3741-0770
SPIN-code: 1335-1489

MD, PhD, Assistant of the Department of Neonatology

Russian Federation, Moscow

Galina N. Chumakova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: zelchum-neo@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5353-4610
SPIN-code: 1821-0198

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Marina I. Levadneva

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: m-lev11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6716-7567
SPIN-code: 2780-6674

Head of the Department of Newborn Physiology at the Perinatal Center, Assistant of the of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Irina V. Myznikova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: irinayurko2014@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8624-1854

Head of the Department of Pathology of Newborns and Young Children of the Perinatal Center, Assistant of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Svetlana E. Pavlova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: svetlanapav.spb@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5423-0950
SPIN-code: 1761-4768

Assistant Professor of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Larisa A. Romanova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: l_romanova2011@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 6460-5491

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Larisa A. Fedorova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: arslarissa@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9747-762X
SPIN-code: 5474-0902

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Neonatology with Сourses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology of the Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Ekaterina E. Yakovleva

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: eeiakovleva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0270-0217
SPIN-code: 6728-7340

MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology with the Course of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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