Characteristics of the COVID-19 Epidemiological Situation in the Russian Federation in 2020


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Abstract

Background. The COVID-19 epidemic in the Russian Federation, which began in March 2020, caused serious damage to health of the population and led to severe economic losses. By December 28, 2020, 3 078 035 cases of COVID-19 and 55 265 lethal outcomes were registered in the country. The population of all territorial subjects of the country is involved in the epidemic process of COVID-19. The severe epidemiological situation made it necessary to conduct an analysis to identify the factors that determine the high intensity of the epidemic process, as well as the population groups with the highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. 

Aims — to study the patterns of SARS-CoV-2 spread and the epidemiological features of the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Russian Federation in 2020. 

Methods. An epidemiological analysis of the COVID-19 situation in the Russian Federation was carried out to determine the dynamics of morbidity, the gender proportion and age structure of patients, the proportion of hospitalized patients, the ratio of various forms of infection, the social and professional status of patients. Standard methods of descriptive statistics Microsoft Excel and STATISTICA 12.0 (StatSoft, USA) were used for statistical processing. The mean values were estimated with a 95% confidence interval [95% CI] (the exact Klopper – Pearson method). 

Results. During the observation time (2020), several periods were identified in the dynamics of the new COVID-19 cases detection: the period of importation of SARS-CoV-2 and the increase in morbidity, the period of epidemic decline, the period of autumn growth, the period of sustained high incidence of COVID-19. It was found that people over 70 years of age are the group with the highest risk of infection and a more severe course of COVID-19. The presence of target contingents among social and professional groups of the population, which should include medical workers, retired person, employees of educational institutions, law enforcement agencies, transport, who require special attention and medical and social support, was shown. 

Conclusions. The analysis showed that the large-scale spread of COVID-19 requires in-depth epidemiological studies and the development of additional disease control measures, taking into account the dynamics of the incidence of this socially significant infection.

About the authors

Vasiliy G. Akimkin

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Author for correspondence.
Email: akimkin@pcr.ms
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4228-9044
SPIN-code: 4038-7455

MD, PhD, Academician of the RAS

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Stanislav N. Kuzin

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: drkuzin@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0616-9777
SPIN-code: 1372-7623

MD, PhD, Professor

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Tatyana A. Semenenko

National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After the Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: semenenko@gamaleya.org
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6686-9011
SPIN-code: 8375-2270

MD, PhD, Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Antonina A. Ploskireva

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: zdk@pcr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3612-1889
SPIN-code: 1364-1257

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Dmitriy V. Dubodelov

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: dubodelov@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3093-5731
SPIN-code: 4860-7909

MD, PhD, Senior Research Associate

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow

Elena V. Tivanova

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: tivan@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1286-2612
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Natalia Yu. Pshenichcnaya

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: pshenichnaya@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2570-711X
SPIN-code: 5633-7265

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Anna V. Kalenskaya

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: kalenskaya@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9126-1155
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Svetlana B. Yatsyshina

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: svetlana.yatsyshina@pcr.ms
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4737-941X
SPIN-code: 7156-2948

PhD in Biology, Senior Research Associate

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Olga Yu. Shipulina

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: olga.shipulina@pcr.ms
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4679-6772
SPIN-code: 9235-1239

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Elena N. Rodionova

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: rodionova@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0192-1832

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Natalya S. Petrova

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: petrova@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0166-555X

PhD in Biology

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Irina V. Soloveva

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: soloviovaiv@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3136-9500
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Olga A. Kvasova

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: kvasova@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4545-1804
SPIN-code: 2082-4851
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Marina A. Vershinina

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: vershinina@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8582-5199
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Marina V. Mamoshina

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: grya@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1419-7807
SPIN-code: 7123-8874

junior research associate

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Vitalina V. Klushkina

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: klishkina@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8311-8204
SPIN-code: 8008-7924

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Elena N. Kudryavceva

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: kudravtseva@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7325-8577
SPIN-code: 6487-9964

PhD in Biology

Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Nadezhda S. Churilova

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: churilova@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5344-5829
SPIN-code: 8657-9687
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Yarina V. Panasyuk

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: panasyuk@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9335-4953
SPIN-code: 8983-7979
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Natal'ya V. Vlasenko

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: vlasenko@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2388-1483
SPIN-code: 1933-5968
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Aleksey A. Ostroushko

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: ostroushko@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0803-5630
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Evgeniy S. Balmasov

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: balmasov@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3382-2441
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

Artem V. Mosunov

Central Research Institute for Epidemiology

Email: mosunov@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6743-3650
Russian Federation, 3A, Novogireyevskaya street, Moscow, 111123

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of registration of new cases (abs.) Among the population of the Russian Federation

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3. Fig. 2. The ratio of patients with COVID-19 of different age groups in the Russian Federation from March 6 to October 22, 2020.

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