Regulation of Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation (Review)

Abstract

The review considers the regulatory mechanisms controlling the formation of biofilms by bacteria Escherichia coli. Under harsh conditions, microbial populations transfer to the structured mode of existence by building biofilms. The regulation of biofilm formation is a complex multistage process. Environmental signals are perceived by two-component signaling systems, which fulfill their transduction to the genome. This switches microbial cells from the planktonic motile lifestyle to the sessile.