Entropiynostatisticheskiy analiz kholodil'nykh tsiklov dlya «shokovoy» zamorozki

The entropic and statistical method of the thermodynamical analysis gives the possibility to define necessary power inputs to compensate the entropy production owing to the irreversibility of the working processes in different elements (nodes) of lowtemperature plants [1,2]. So it indicates what elements precisely are needed to be improved defining the ways of the plant upgrading. The paper presents the refrigeration cycles (simple singlestage, singlestage with a heat exchanger, cycle with an economizer and twostage cycle at partial intermediate cooling) examined by the method of the thermodynamical analysis of the vaporcompression refrigerating machine operating on different refrigerants (R22, R507, R717). On the basis of the calculations it was concluded that the cycles and refrigerants were efficient. Also the singlestage cycle was revealed to be least effective, the measures to improve it were offered; it was shown that the current recommendations on the refrigerating systems design didn’t take into account the particularities of different cycles operating on different refrigerants. The necessity of taking into account the different distribution of losses through the elements of the refrigerating plant depending on the refrigerant used was accentuated. Keywords: entropic and statistical method of analysis, “shock” freezing, refrigeration cycle

энтропийностатистический анализ (entropic and statistical method of analyses), «шоковая» заморозка (shock freezing), холодильный цикл (refrigeration cycle)