Vol 75, No 7-8 (2018)

Amethod was developed for performing engineering calculations of the thermal resistance of the glass layer at the wall that makes it possible, by taking account of the physical crux of the process of heat transfer in semi-transparent media, to secure accuracy and simplify the determination of the temperature regimes in the melting tank of a glass furnace.

Spark plasma sintering was used to obtain experimental samples of ceramic composite materials in the system SiC–ZrB₂ with graphite and aluminum nitride as additives. The physical and mechanical properties of composites (density, strength in bending, hardness, cracking resistance) were studied as a function of the production temperature parameters. The microstructure of the materials was studied and x-ray spectral microanalysis was performed and the oxidation resistance of the obtained samples at 1500°C was determined.

FGUP TsNII KM “Prometey” have proposed a new approach to creating porous functional ceramic coatings on the surface of steel by means of low-temperature heterophase transport combined with microarc oxidation (MAO). The adhesion of the coating to metal is at least 60 MPa. An intermediate layer of the coating contains nickel–aluminum intermetallide compounds and imparts mechanical strength during service at temperatures above 750°C. It is shown for the example of nickel that catalytic active substances with promoters can be deposited on the surface of porous coatings from solutions of their salts or hydroxides followed by decomposition as a result of heat-treatment; metal can also be deposited into the pores of a MAO coating.

The possibility of using the mining industry wastes in the form of magnesium-silicate rock—troctolites—in the production of building ceramic is studied. It is shown that the introduction of troctolite into batch promotes the reduction of fire shrinkage and water absorption of ceramic samples. It is shown that a new structure of the ceramic material is formed during the firing process and determines the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained materials.

The results of a search for and study of glass sands in Rostov Oblast are presented. The geological structure of the mineral deposits is described and the outlook for finding glass-sand deposits is evaluated. The characteristics of an open and explored glass-sand deposit with reserves exceeding 15 × 10⁶ tons are presented. The qualitative characteristics and technological schemes for enriching this sand to grade OVS-020-V are presented.

Amethod of identifying cracks on the inner surface of a glazed coating on a pipe with aid of a flaw detector is examined. The technological scheme is presented and the principle of operation of the developed apparatus is presented. The electric resistance of cracks in the glazed coating of a pipe is determined in terms of the parameter readings of the apparatus. A calculation of the basic dimensions of cracks in coatings along the entire length of standard pipes is presented.

The properties of reinforced polymer composite materials based on different types of polymer binders and glass fiber fillers were studied. The recipe and production technology were developed for articles made from fiberglass. This technology is based on a spraying assembly from the Glas Craft Company, combined with a chopper—a high-output cutting machine from the Greco Company. It is shown that the spray technology for producing from fiberglass, based on polyester resins and glass roving, large-size modules of water slides and other attractions for pools and water parks is technically sound and economically efficient.

It is shown that the amount of aluminum-containing nanotechnogenic raw material based on non-ferrous metallurgy and pyrophyllite has a large effect on the structure and rheological properties of ceramic bodies in the production of acid-resistant materials. The use of nanotechnogenic raw material increases the physical and mechanical properties of ceramics for acid-resistant materials. Studies have shown that the presence of pores with isometric shape and oval closed porosity, unlike elongated (slit-shaped) pores, in ceramic materials impart mechanical strength to them.

Powder mixtures prepared by mechanical activation from synthetic hydrated acidic calcium phosphates Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ · H₂O and CaHPO₄ · 2H₂O were used to obtain resorbable ceramic in the system Ca (PO₃)₂–Ca₂P₂O₇. The phase composition of the ceramic after firing in the interval 700 – 1000°C was represented by biocompatible and bioresorbable phases: calcium polyphosphate Ca(PO₃)₂, tromelite Ca₄P₆O₁₉, and calcium pyrophosphate Ca₂P₂O₇. The obtained materials can be used to fabricate resorbable implants for regenerative treatment of defects of bone tissue.