Vol 25, No 2 (2019)
- Year: 2019
- Articles: 13
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/0869-2106/issue/view/2654
Articles
A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE IS THE FOUNDATION OF GOOD HEALTH OF EVERY INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY AS A WHOLE
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):68-69
68-69
A STUDY OF SATISFACTION OF PATIENTS AND THEIR RELATIVES WITH THE QUALITY CONDITIONS OF STAY IN DEPARTMENT OF NURSING CARE
Abstract
Currently active ageing of the population of the planet, the growth rate of the elderly population accounted for 2.6 per cent per annum. The purpose of the study is identify the satisfaction of patients of nursing care (ESG) and their relatives the terms stay in Office, as an indicator of the quality of medical care. Material and methods. Questioning 100 patients representative by sex and age had been treated in the overall composition of the OSU and 100 relatives of patients. Results. Of those surveyed 71.0% of patients were treated with three or more months, including 42% - more than six months. 15% of the relatives visited patients weekly, 25% - 2-3 once a month, 35.0% monthly, others once a month 2-3. Conclusion. The degree of satisfaction of patients and their relatives the terms stay in nursing Office high poll allows you to identify some of the defects in the Organization of medical assistance, which is not easy to identify when you use other forms of quality control of medical care.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):70-75
70-75
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF COMORBIDITIES FOR FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME AFTER STROKE
Abstract
Concomitant diseases occupy an important place among prognostic predictors of functional recovery after stroke. The aim of the study was to study the features of concomitant morbidity in patients after ischemic stroke, to identify the leading comorbid pathology and its impact on the features of the rehabilitation process. Materials and methods. The study included 1317 patients with ischemic stroke, mean age 60.6±2.6 years. Results. It was revealed that the level of concomitant pathology was 391.5 cases per 100 patients among patients who underwent AI. Analysis of the incidence of comorbidities by disease classes allowed to establish that the first place belongs to diseases of the circulatory system, the second-mental diseases, the third-endocrine diseases. Conclusion. The presence of concomitant diseases should be taken into account when choosing a diagnostic algorithm, assessing the rehabilitation potential of the patient and drawing up a comprehensive individualized rehabilitation program.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):76-81
76-81
THE LEVEL AND STRUCTURE OF MORBIDITY OF DISEASES OF SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE
Abstract
According to research in Russia in 2016, the prevalence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue was 5871 cases per 100000 people, the incidence was 4259 cases per 100000 people. Severe chronic dermatoses significantly reduce the quality of life of patients and their families, the patients’ self-esteem suffers, their habitual lifestyle is disturbed. The purpose is to study the level dynamics and structure of the incidence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2008-2017. The analysis of the structure and dynamics of the prevalence and the incidence of the ICD-10 class “Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue” (L00-L99) in the Republic of Bashkortostan was carried out according to the FSN form No. 12 for 2008-2017, and a simulated forecast of the incidence rate up to 2022 was compiled. The study revealed a steady downward trend in the prevalence and the incidence of these diseases in the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2011-2017. Considering the prediction data, the trend towards a decrease in the incidence rates of skin diseases until 2022 will continue. On this background, the level of the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis tends to increase, the incidence of atopic dermatitis tends to increase, and the incidence of psoriasis tends to decrease. The proportion of severe chronic dermatoses increased 1.5-2 times in all age groups. Thus, the analysis makes it necessary to improve the work on the organization of medical care for patients with chronic dermatoses and methods for their prevention.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):82-88
82-88
SOCIO-HYGIENIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE AND ITS ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GYNECOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
Abstract
In the structure of general morbidity in Russia for 2018 year of complications of pregnancy and childbirth took place and 3 tend to grow. Aim - study of socio-sanitary characteristics and reproductive behaviour of women of childbearing age (ZhFV) and determining their impact on women’s health. Materials and methods: data from medical records and questioning women in 2017 year in Moscow. The results. Provided social and hygienic characteristics of observed women, average age of 32 years, two thirds, a quarter of workers are housewives, every tenth-student, 66% are married, 82% regularly visit a physician, each the fifth has gynecological disease, 70% believe contraception necessary, 62% are related to abortion adversely. Conclusion. It is advisable to generate a high level of medical activity in women, as the future of the mind, from school age, to carry out sex education with a focus on healthy lifestyle, paying attention towards abortion and sexual partner the family as a whole.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):89-91
89-91
ROLE OF REHABILITATION CENTRES FOR CHILDREN FROM 0 TO 3 YEARS OLD, BORN WITH VERY LOW AND EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT TO IMPROVE MEDICAL CARE IN PRETERM INFANTS
Abstract
Each year in the world about 15 million babies are born preterm. Goal is to explore the role of Rehabilitation centres (RC) children from 0 to 3 years old, born with very low and extremely low birth weight to improve medical care in preterm infants. Materials and methods. Studied the functioning process of RC based on large multidisciplinary Pediatric Hospital in Moscow “Z.A. Bashljaevoj Children city Clinical Hospital” during the period 2012-2018 BC. The results. Since the beginning of operation RC was fastened 12234 preterm infants, among which was dominated by children (72%), having a birth weight of 1000 g to 1500 g. structure of all of Nosological forms prevailed in pathology of central nervous system (31.7%), 2 place-Ophthalmic Pathology (27.4%). the creation of RC is very relevant and effective organizational solution in terms of improving the quality of medical help premature babies.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):92-95
92-95
INTRODUCTION OF THE PROGRAM OF PREVENTION OF DENTAL DISEASES AT CHILDREN OF SCHOOL AGE
Abstract
Tooth decay is the most common dental disease in children, so the problem of prevention remains one of the most relevant in pediatric dentistry. Goal: development and implementation of health education and individual treatment and prevention activities for school-age children. Materials and methods. School-based SOUTH of the city of Moscow, teachers and students of the third year was held a programme for the prevention of dental diseases among pupils in primary classes, attended by 2300 people. Results. Employees of the Department of therapeutic Stomatology RNIMU them. N.i. Pirogov was established private dental diseases prevention programme, which already operates within 6 years the intensity of caries in permanent teeth CPU index teeth fell in children age 6 with 2.40 ± 0.06 to 0.97 ± 0.06 (p < 0.05), 12-year-olds with 3.74 ± 0.17 to 1.95 ± 0.16 (p < 0.05), 15 year olds with 4.86 ± 0.16 to 2.95 ± 0.13 (p < 0.05); reduction of intensity of caries increment amounted to 59.6%, respectively, 47.9% and 39.3%, with an increase in the number of children with healthy teeth that says showing clear positive impact on the level of oral hygiene Program Prevention of dental diseases.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):96-99
96-99
AGE PECULIARITIES OF COLORECTAL CANCER INCIDENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Abstract
In the Russian Federation in recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer. The probability of the disease with colorectal cancer increases after 40 years and sharply increases after 50 years. Aim. To study the age-specific features of the prevalence of colorectal cancer in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Materials and methods. As the research materials, the form of Federal statistical observation No. 7 “Information on the incidence of malignant neoplasms” was used in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2008-2016. The indicators of the incidence of colorectal and rectum cancer per 100 thousand of the population, depending on age and sex, are calculated. Results and discussion. The lowest incidence of colorectal cancer was observed in the age group up to 30 years, the largest - at the age of 70 years and older. For the years 2008-2016 the proportion of patients younger than 50 years with newly diagnosed colon cancer increased from 8.1% to 9.0% and rectum from 7.2% to 8.1%. In this age group there was an increase in primary incidence of colorectal cancer among men by 84.0%, among women by 50.0%, rectal cancer by 54.2% and 68.0%, respectively. The decrease in the incidence of colorectal cancer in the age group of 70 years and older. The average annual incidence rate of colorectal cancer was higher among men than among women in the age groups 50-59, 60-69 years and 70 years and older, rectal cancer in all age groups, with differences increasing with age. During the observation period, the mean age of patients with newly diagnosed colon cancer was reduced by 1.5 years, rectal by 1.3 years. Among patients with colorectal cancer living in urban areas, the average age was higher than in rural areas. The conclusion. The revealed sex-age features of the prevalence of colorectal cancer were used in the development of measures to improve medical care for patients.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):100-103
100-103
STUDY OF FEATURES OF FAMILIES WITH PRE-SCHOOL CHILD
Abstract
The family of the child in the first three years of the formation of physical, mental health of the child. Goal- a study of the medico-social aspects of formation of health of preschool children and medical activity family. Materials and methods. Carried out selective posemejnoe study examined medical records 400 children of pre-school age and the results of the questioning of their parents, living in Moscow. Results. Noted that parental education factor has no impact on the incidence of children of preschool age, the incidence of children from families where parents smoke, are overcrowded apartments, violate sleep and overload children with additional developing classes reaches 5018.7 per thousand children in families with low medical activity more often there are children with bad health, parents often underestimate the health of their children and in a timely manner go to the doctor in case of illness of a child. In this regard, health workers must, in its activities, pay more attention to the observance of sanitary-educational work among the parents of pre-school children.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):104-107
104-107
ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MEASURES TO PREVENT PERINATAL VIRAL HEPATITIS C IN THE OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT
Abstract
Introduction. The incidence of chronic viral hepatitis C in women is determine the relevance of the infection vertical transmission to children with the outcome to chronic viral hepatitis C. It is necessary to assess the effectiveness of current measures to prevent perinatal viral hepatitis C and to develop strategy for prevention viral hepatitis C in children for future. Aim: to evaluate the organization and putting into effect the prevent of perinatal viral hepatitis C in an outpatient setting. Material and methods: authors presents the results of questionnaire survey of а-HCV-positive children’s mothers with chronic perinatal viral hepatitis C. The analysis of the results was carried out using Cohen Kappa method, Cohen Kappa consent coefficient (κ) was calculated. Results: The study established inadequate organization and implementation of measures to provide medical care for the prevention of perinatal viral hepatitis C int all stages of ambulatore care. Conclusion: it is necessary to create a multi-level system of prevention of viral hepatitis C in children.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):108-114
108-114
CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-TERM MAINTENANCE OF SINUS RHYTHM AFTER PULMONARY VEINS ISOLATION
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. Pulmonary veins isolation can be performed as the first line of treatment for this arrhythmia. Unfortunately, approximately 30% of patients in the first year after ablation have recurrence of atrial fibrillation. In this regard, we have attempted to identify the characteristics associated with long-term maintenance of sinus rhythm after pulmonary veins isolation.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):115-119
115-119
CONSEQUENCES OF RADIATION THERAPY OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES: FOCUS ON PERICARDITIS
Abstract
Radiation exposure of the chest is associated with a significant risk of subsequent development of cardiovascular diseases. Associated cardiovascular injuries include pericardial disease, coronary artery disease, valvular disease, conduction disease, cardiomyopathy, and vasculopathy. This article presents the development of different variants of pericardial radiation damage, methods of diagnosis and treatment of these complications. Radiation damage to the pericardium can manifest as acute pericarditis, effusion with tamponade or without cardiac tamponade, effusion-constrictive or classic constrictive pericarditis. Algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with radiation pericarditis in connection with a long asymptomatic course in a number of patients deserve special attention. Careful history taking and identifying prior radiotherapy is important in this category of patients. Untimely diagnosis and late treatment of these complications leads to a decrease in the quality of life of patients and increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):120-126
120-126
DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS: A COMPARISON OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY, ERRORS IN THEIR APPLICATION, AND THE USAGE OF REVERSAL AGENTS
Abstract
This review is devoted to updating the existing knowledge about pharmacology of the drugs from the group of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Special attention is paid to comparison of the anticoagulant properties of DOACs with traditional (indirect) anticoagulants at various dosage regimens and to study drug interactions of DOACs with drugs from different pharmacological groups. Widely analyzed the side effects associated with errors in the application of DOACs and provided recommendations for their correction, including the using of reversal agents therapy. Based on this, the presented article will be useful to clinicians to familiarize themselves with modern medical strategies based on the use of drugs from the DOACs group for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with increased blood clotting ability and using of DOACs specific antagonists for treatment overdose of DOACs.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(2):127-134
127-134