Мақаланы E-mail арқылы жіберу The fiasco of ethnonationalism in “Finno-Ugric” republics of the Russian Federation: outcomes of the 2021 population census as an evidence of the crisis of ethnic elites
- Авторлар: Shabaev Y.P.1
-
Мекемелер:
- Institute of Language, Literature and History of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Шығарылым: № 3 (2024)
- Беттер: 221-244
- Бөлім: Research Articles
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/0869-5415/article/view/268474
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869541524030127
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BRBGCL
- ID: 268474
Дәйексөз келтіру
Ашық рұқсат
Рұқсат берілді
Аннотация
The article analyzes the results of the 2021 population census (officially called the 2020 All-Russian Population Census), which showed a very significant decrease in the number of Finno-Ugric peoples of the Russian Federation. It may be noted that the two previous post-Soviet censuses had already recorded this clearly defined negative trend, but the data for 2021 indicates that the rate of decline in the number of titular groups in the republics, which since the early 1990s began to be called “Finno-Ugric,” is increasing. Those commenting on the results of the latest campaign, on the one hand, are trying to present the results as a “cultural catastrophe” and declare a “failure” of the model of ethnopolitics adopted in the country; on the other hand, they are trying to accuse the census organizers of gross mistakes that distorted its results. However, the logic of the ethnocultural development of the Finno-Ugric peoples and the ethnocultural orientations of young people, identified as a result of many years of sociological surveys, indicates that the census quite correctly showed the dynamics of changes occurring among the Russian Finno-Ugric peoples, and these processes can be assessed as a “humanitarian catastrophe” only from the standpoints of ethnonationalism, which are very strong in the “Finno-Ugric territories” due to the very nature of regional ethnocultural and ethnopolitical management.
Негізгі сөздер
Толық мәтін
Авторлар туралы
Yurii Shabaev
Institute of Language, Literature and History of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: yupshabaev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0867-4662
д. и. н., заведующий сектором этнографии
Ресей, Kommunisticheskaia St. 26, Syktyvkar, 167982Әдебиет тізімі
- Anderson, B.B., and B.D. Silver. 1984. Equality, Efficiency and Politics in Soviet Bilingual Education Policy, 1934–1980. The American Political Science Review 78 (4): 1019–1039.
- Arsentiev, N.M., D.V. Dolenko, and V.A. Yurchenkov. 2000. Tsentr i periferiia: istoriia Rossii ili mnozhestva Rossii? [Center and Periphery: The History of Russia or Many Russias?]. In Finno-ugorskii mir: istoriia i sovremennost’. Materialy II Vserossiiskoi nauchnoi konferentsii finno-ugrovedov [Finno-Ugric World: History and Modernity: Materials II All-Russian Scientific Conference Finno-Ugric Scholars], edited by N.M. Arsentiev, 16–25. Saransk: Krasnyi Oktiabr’.
- Baker, C., and S.P. Jones. 1998. Language Marketing. In Encyclopedia of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education, by C. Baker and S.P. Jones, 221–227. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
- Bart, F. 2006. Vvedenie [Introduction]. In Etnicheskie gruppy i sotsial’nye granitsy. Sotsial’naia organizatsiia kul’turnykh razlichii [Ethnic Groups and Social Boundaries: Social Organization of Cultural Differences], edited by F. Bart. Moscow: Novoe izdatel’stvo.
- Brettell, C.B., and J.F. Hollifiel, eds. 2000. Migration Theory: Talking Across Discipline. New York: Routledge.
- Denisenko, V.N. 2007. Rodnoi yazyk i etnos: komi i komi-permiaki [Native Language and Ethnicity: Komi and Komi-Permyaks]. In Materialy XXXVI mezhdunarodnoi filologicheskoi konferentsii. 12–17 marta 2007 g. Vyp. 9, Uralistika [Materials of the XXXVI International Philological Conference. March 12–17, 2007. Is. 9, Uralistics], 36–40. St. Petersburg: Filologicheskii fakul’tet Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta.
- Esman, M. 1994. Ethnic Politics. New York: Cornell University Press.
- Gellner, E. 1991. Natsii i natsionalizm [Nations and Nationalism]. Moscow: Progress.
- Kardinskaia, S.V. 2006. Etnichnost’ v ideologicheskikh konstruktsiiakh udmurtskikh SMI [Ethnicity in the Ideological Constructions of the Udmurt Media]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniia 6: 54–60.
- Рarekh, B. 2008. A New Politics of Identity: Political Principles for an Independent World. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Park, R.E. 1928. Human Migration and the Marginal Man. The American Journal of Sociology 33 (6): 881–893.
- Parsons, T. 2000. O strukture sotsial’nogo deistviia [On Structure of Social Action]. Moscow: Akademicheskii Proekt.
- Rakner, L. 1996. Rational Choice and the Problems of Institutions: A Discussion of Rational Choice Institutionalism and Its application by Robert Bates. Working Paper Chr. Michelsen Institute Development Studies and Human Rights Bergen Norway (Bergen) 6.
- Razin, A. 1993. Udmurtskii etnos: problema formirovaniia patriotizma i internatsionalizma [Udmurt Ethnic Group: The Problem of the Formation of Patriotism and Internationalism]. In Finno-ugorskie narody i Rossiia [Finno-Ugric Peoples and Russia], edited by V. Kalabugin, 98–104. Tallinn: Institut Yaana Tynissona, 1994.
- Shabaev, Y.P. 2013. Kul’turnyi apokalipsis ili grazhdanskaia konsolidatsiia? [Cultural Apocalypse or Civil Consolidation?]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniia 3: 28–36.
- Shabaev, Y.P. 2019. Upravlenie kul’turnym mnogoobraziem Rossii: opyt natsional’nykh respublik [Managing Russia’s Cultural Diversity: The Experience of the National Republics]. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo RGGU.
- Shabaev, Y.P. 2022. Gorodskie landshafty na evropeiskom severe i evoliutsiia gorodskikh soobshchestv (antropologicheskii ocherk) [Urban Landscapes in the European North and the Evolution of Urban Communities (An Anthropological Essay)]. In Kul’turnoe nasledie i kul’turnye realii Evropeiskogo Severa: izuchenie, problemy, poiski [Cultural Heritage and Cultural Realities of the European North: Study, Problems, Searches], edited by Y.P. Shabaev, 11–73. Syktyvkar.
- Shabaev, Y., and N. Mironova. 2020. Fenomen Udmurtii-2: molodezh’ vs etnicheskie antreprenery [Phenomenon of Udmurtia-2: Youth vs Ethnic Entrepreneurs]. Voprosy etnopolitiki 1: 94–116.
- Shabaev, Y.P., and A.M. Charina. 2010. Finno-ugorskii natsionalizm i grazhdanskaia konsolidatsiia v Rossii (etnopoliticheskii analiz) [Finno-Ugric Nationalism and Civic Consolidation in Russia (Ethno-Political Analysis)]. St. Petersburg: SPbGUSE.
- Shabaev, Y.P., et al. 2018. Yazykovaia politika i yazykovye orientatsii naseleniia v natsional’nykh respublikakh: konflikt interesov mezhdu gruppami ili nesovershenstvo kul’turnykh praktik [Language Policy and Linguistic Orientations of the Population in National Republics: Conflict of Interests between Groups or Imperfection of Cultural Practices]. Voprosy filologii 1: 62–74.
- Shabaev, Y.P., et al. 2021. Molodezh’ v politicheskom i kul’turnom prostranstve respublik s finno-ugorskim naseleniem: pozitsii, nastroeniia, riski [Youth in the Political and Cultural Space of the Republics with the Finno-Ugric Population: Positions, Moods, Risks]. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo RGGU.
- Smith, E. 2004. Natsionalizm i modernizm. Kriticheskii obzor sovremennykh teorii natsii i natsionalizma [Nationalism and Modernism: A Critical Review of Modern Theories of Nation and Nationalism]. Moscow: Praksis.
- Sztompka, P. 1996. Sotsiologiia sotsial’nykh izmenenii [Sociology of Social Change]. Moscow: Aspekt Press.
- Tishkov, V.A. 1993. Natsional’nosti i natsionalizm v postsovetskom prostranstve (istoricheskii aspekt) [Nationalities and Nationalism in the Post-Soviet Space (Historical Aspect)]. In Etnichnost’ i vlast’ v polietnichnykh gosudarstvakh: materialy mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii (25–27 yanvaria 1993 g.) [Ethnicity and Power in Multi-Ethnic States: Materials of the International. Conference (Jan. 25–27, 1993)], edited by. V.A. Tishkov, 9–34. Moscow: Nauka.
- Tishkov, V.A., and Y.P. Shabaev. 2007. Finnougorskaia problema: otvet Evrosoiuzu [Finno-Ugric Problem: A Response to the European Union]. In Issledovaniia po prikladnoi i neotlozhnoi etnologii [Research in Applied and Urgent Ethnology], 196. Moscow: IEA RAN.
- Tishkov, V.A., V.S. Vorontsov, and V.V. Stepanov, eds. 2017. Etnokul’turnoe soderzhanie obrazovaniia, rossiiskaia identichnost’ i grazhdanskoe soglasie v Privolzhskom federal’nom okruge. Ekspertnyi doklad [Ethno-Cultural Content of Education, Russian Identity and Civil Harmony in the Volga Federal District: Expert Report]. Мoscow; Оrenburg; Izhevsk: Institut komp’iuternykh issledovanii.
- Tsypanov, E.A. 2005. Leksicheskoe obnovlenie v komi, udmurtskom i mariiskom yazykakh: obshchee i osobennoe [Lexical Renewal in the Komi, Udmurt and Mari Languages: General and Special]. In Materialy III Vserossiiskoi konferentsii finno-ugrovedov (1–4 iiulia 2004 g., Syktyvkar) [Materials of the III All-Russian Conference of Finno-Ugric Studies (July 1–4, 2004, Syktyvkar)], edited by A.A. Popov, 25–30. Syktyvkar: Izdatel’stvo Komi nauchnogo tsentra UrO RAN.
- Vorontsov, V.S., Y.P. Shabaev, V.D. Sharov, and N.V. Shilov. 2005. Finno-ugorskie narody Rossii: obshchee polozhenie, problemy i resheniia [Finno-Ugric Peoples of Russia: General Situation, Problems and Solutions]. In Issledovaniia po prikladnoi i neotlozhnoi etnologii [Research in Applied and Urgent Ethnology], 183, edited by V.A. Tishkov and Y.P. Shabaev. Moscow: IEA RAN.
- Zaloznaya, M., and T.P. Gerber. 2012. Migration as Social Movement: Voluntary Group Migration and the Crimean Tatar Repatriation. Population and Development Review 38 (2): 259–328.
Қосымша файлдар
