mRNP Transport in Eukaryotes. mRNP Export from the Nucleus

Abstract

Newly synthesized mRNA undergoes several stages of maturation, and the proteins involved in these processes form the mRNP particle. Mature mRNA passes through the nuclear pore from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it is transported to the ribosome and mRNA is translated into protein. Recruiting the export and transport factors to the newly synthesized mRNA occurs partly cotranscriptionally. Many of the proteins associate with mRNA from the earliest stages of transcription to its localization in the cytoplasm. Other factors perform their functions strictly at a certain stage. The protein composition of the mRNP particle changes during its adherence to the nuclear pore, passing through it, and being delivered to the site of localization in the cytoplasm. This paper describes the main participants in the export of the mRNP particle, starting with its delivery to the nuclear pore and its attachment to and translocation through the nuclear pore.