Nauchnyi Dialog
Nauchnyi dialog (Scientific Dialogue), registration certificate PI No. FS 77-86214 issued 27.10.2023 by Roskomnadzor, is an open-access peer-reviewed scientific journal. Nauchnyi dialog (Scientific Dialogue) publishes research articles presenting novel concepts and significant achievements in the fields philology and history.
Theme: Russia and the world in dialogue
- Russian world: language, literature, folklore, history
- History of the abroad through the eyes of russian researchers
- Russian world surrounded by other cultures: comparative studies
- Media communications and journalism: a world without borders
- Theory and methodology of language and literature research as a space for dialogue between different scientific traditions
Mission of Nauchnyi Dialog — organizing a dialogue between national research traditions in the humanitarian branches of science - historical and philological.
Tasks:
1) accumulation of knowledge about Russian culture through studies of language, literature and Russian history as the main markers of identity surrounded by other identities;
2) exchange of interpretations of a foreign cultural text: Russian literature and history as interpreted by foreign colleagues - and foreign literary and historical discourse as interpreted by Russian researchers;
3) presentation of the observations of researchers from different countries of the media development as a factor in globalization;
4) inviting researchers from different countries to present and discuss theories, approaches, methods, techniques for analyzing language, text, discourse, since due to a long period of closed development of national scientific traditions and schools, discrepancies have accumulated in the choice of research problems, interpretations of key terms, methodological preferences.
Language of publications: Russian. Each article is provided with metadata in English.
Published since 2012.
The Journal accepts for consideration (1) review articles containing theoretical and statistical generalizations and (2) original research articles presenting the results of empirical investigations.
All submitted manuscripts undergo mandatory peer review (reviews provided by authors are not accepted).
Submissions are reviewed within the average period of 3–10 months.
最新一期
卷 14, 编号 3 (2025)
LINGUISTICS
Semasiological Relationships of Lexical Parallels in English and French Color Nomenclature
摘要
This paper is dedicated to the exploration of allo- and isomorphic characteristics of the color systems in the English and French languages. The primary aim of this study is to identify both common and specific features of the form and content of color-naming units represented in English and French art discourse. The material for this research includes art criticism texts in both languages, as well as lexicographic sources: explanatory and etymological dictionaries, thesauri, and corpus data from both analyzed languages. The article clarifies key definitions in the linguistics of color, proposing transparent criteria for classifying units as coloronyms and coloratives. The authors establish significant intra- and extralinguistic vectors of color naming. Based on a detailed analysis of the structure, semantics, and origins of lexical units, the authors present a comparative typology of coloronyms in English and French. Fully equivalent units, calque units, units that are equivalent only formally or semantically, as well as units with zero equivalence are identified. This study allows for the identification and comparison of ascending and descending trends in color naming across both languages, taking into account the influence of extralinguistic reality on linguistic processes.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):9-24
9-24
Concepts of “Small Homeland” and “Big Homeland” in Linguistic Consciousness of Residents of Northeast Russia
摘要
This article presents the findings of a psycholinguistic study on the concepts of “Small Homeland” and “Big Homeland” within the linguistic consciousness of residents in Northeast Russia, specifically focusing on the regions of Yakutia and Chukotka. Utilizing a free associative experiment conducted as part of a large-scale sociological survey (N=1434), key semantic dominants and connotations associated with these concepts were identified. The analysis of the resulting associations allowed for the categorization of various levels of territorial identity among respondents, ranging from global to local. Special attention is given to the regional specificity of linguistic consciousness, as well as age and gender differences in the interpretation of the studied concepts. The results of the study reveal a complex, multi-layered structure of the notions “small homeland” and “big homeland,” which serve as markers of local, regional, and civic identity in the minds of residents in Northeast Russia. The findings contribute to the development of a psycholinguistic approach to the study of territorial identity and open avenues for further interdisciplinary research in this field.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):25-42
25-42
Changes in Nature of Prediction in Speech Acts: An Experimental Study
摘要
This article aligns with cognitive and psycholinguistic research on speech acts as indicators of the development of various cognitive processes, a measure of an individual’s linguistic competence, and the extent to which a person masters speech operations. The study investigates changes in the nature of speech acts, reflected in the characteristics of predication (association) between stimuli and responses. Utilizing three associative dictionaries published in different years, the dynamics of prediction in speech acts are demonstrated through the method of interpreting associative fields. The novelty of the research findings lies in substantiating several propositions. In examining the dynamics of speech act execution, the authors emphasize the need to consider different methods of collecting associates: oral-written and written. It is noted that in contemporary linguistic culture, the operations of semantic and surface syntactic processing in speech act production are increasingly supplanted by meaning-based syntactic processing during specific time periods. Indicators of this process include a quantitative increase in topic-comment structures, syntactic primitives, a reduction in the proportion of complete cycle syntactic speech acts, deactivation of surface syntactic processing, a decline in diversity indices within the core of complete cycle syntactic speech acts, and the stereotypization of core associates.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):43-61
43-61
AI in Translation: How to Use it Effectively
摘要
The article considers the problem of the impact of the procedures of using artificial intelligence systems on the translators’ professional mindset. The aim of the article is to determine the conditions under which the use of machine translation systems, in particular, based on the use of artificial intelligence, allows to effectively solve the tasks of professional translation activity. The main research method used is the analysis of empirical data obtained by observing the professional activities of experienced and novice translators. This analysis shows that translators often do not take into account that the product created by artificial intelligence is not a text in the traditional meaning of the word, but can only be considered a textoid. Within the framework of interaction with the artificial intelligence system, translators forget about the need to create a true text, i.e. a communicative and structural-semantic unity, do not perceive the intratextual logical links lost in the textoid produced by the artificial intelligence, and — most importantly — forget about the purpose of the translation product, the form and content of which should meet the expectations of the intended target text recipient in a given communicative situation. The article concludes that to ensure the effective use of artificial intelligence systems, the translator must constantly keep in mind the inherent limitations of such systems and must not perceive himself as an appendage to such a system; all his efforts must be directed towards the production of a text that satisfies the needs of the consumer.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):62-80
62-80
Attitudes Toward Ethical and Communicative Norms in Student Group Chats: Findings from a Sociolinguistic Survey
摘要
The aim of this article is to analyze the characteristics of the transformation of ethical and communicative norms within the genre of student group chats. The empirical basis for the study consists of data collected from a sociolinguistic survey conducted in November-December 2024 using Google Forms, comprising five sections and thirty questions. A total of 95 students from creative disciplines participated in the survey, divided into two age groups: 1) 17 to 21 years old (89.47%); 2) 22 years and older (10.53%). The focus of the research is on the materials from the first two sections of the questionnaire, which characterize respondents’ attitudes toward ethical and communicative norms in the Russian. The findings indicate that contemporary chat communication reveals several new trends, particularly a neutral and positive attitude towards the absence of greetings and phrases such as “Thank you in advance” and “I hear you.” It was found that politeness towards the recipient remains a leading communicative-ethical value; however, not all respondents distinguish between neutral (sincere politeness) and ironic (deliberate politeness) undertones, which may lead to communicative failures. Additionally, it was noted that within the student community, the adherence to written speech norms varies depending on the level of formality in the conversation. A trend towards differentiating between business and personal communicative spaces was also identified.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):81-100
81-100
MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS AND JOURNALISM
Wildberries: Features of Assimilation of a Pseudo-Borrowed Ergonym in Russian
摘要
This article addresses the assimilation of the proper name ‘Wildberries’ within contemporary Russian. Special attention is given to the status of this name. The authors conclude that ‘Wildberries’ represents a pseudo-borrowed ergonym, as this lexeme is formed as a brand name from English roots, although such a composite does not exist in the English. The relevance of this study is underscored by the rapid pace of borrowing foreign vocabulary, particularly in the context of naming in the Internet domain. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that, for the first time, the phonetic-orthographic, morphological, and communicative-pragmatic features of the assimilation of the ergonym ‘Wildberries’ have been established through a survey of ordinary speakers of Russian. At the phonetic-orthographic level, the study examines the peculiarities of word form representation and identifies instances of hypercorrection when conveying specific aspects of English pronunciation. At the grammatical level, the authors specify the filling of morphological categories of the noun and conclude that these categories have not yet fully stabilized. As for the features of communicative-pragmatic assimilation, the authors highlight linguistic creativity in reinterpreting the name, the use of emotional-evaluative expressions and irony, as well as instances of meta-linguistic reflection among ordinary speakers.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):102-122
102-122
Perception of Historical Fakes: Experimental Approach and Frame Analysis
摘要
This paper presents the findings of an interdisciplinary study addressing the challenges of countering historical disinformation. Data collected between 2019 and 2021 regarding the perceptions of students in non-history disciplines towards fake information about Russian history published in foreign media are analyzed. The relevance of this research is underscored by the need to gather empirical data on the processes through which Western media disseminate false information about Russia's history, given the significant risk of such narratives infiltrating public consciousness and adversely affecting the cognitive security of society. Utilizing traditional philological analysis alongside cognitive linguistics and frame semantics, the study elucidates the mechanisms by which misleading meanings are integrated into objective historical knowledge. These mechanisms include false markers of credibility and emotionally charged vocabulary. The analysis reveals that respondents often rely on linguistic features of the text, particularly emotionally marked units and negative rhetoric, which do not always facilitate the accurate identification of the truthfulness of historical information. It was found that in cases involving specialized, controversial, or lesser-known historical facts, the use of fakes within a sandwich structure (truth-lie) can lead to a replacement of genuine knowledge with distorted perceptions, thereby blurring the foundations of objective personal understanding.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):123-155
123-155
Euphemization within Migration Discourse in German Journalism
摘要
This study analyzes euphemized terms and expressions related to the migration crisis as presented in articles from the German online publications “Taz” and “Süddeutsche Zeitung” in 2024. This period was selected due to the heightened attention of the German press towards events associated with the migration crisis in both Germany and the United States. The relevance of this research is underscored by the emergence of new politically correct euphemisms and expressions stemming from ongoing migration issues. Utilizing criteria such as the designation of negative denotates and the amelioration of denotates, a new euphemized vocabulary was identified. A total of 15 euphemized nominations were extracted through a comprehensive sampling method. The authors provide detailed commentary on each example, focusing on the techniques employed to achieve euphemization. A classification of migration discourse euphemisms is proposed, organized into thematic groups: migrants, refugees, deportation, and deported individuals. The authors conclude that German article writers employ euphemization strategies such as compounding and paraphrasing. It is noted that the issue of migration in articles by German authors concerning Germany is more susceptible to euphemization compared to texts discussing the United States.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):156-176
156-176
LITERARY STUDIES. FOLKLORE
“Yü Sī” (“Threads of Words”) Literary Society and Birth of Modern Chinese Essayism
摘要
This article examines the activities of Chinese writers and critics who were part of the “Yü Sī” (“Threads of Words”) literary society during the 1920s and 1930s. Initially publishing a weekly journal of the same name in Beijing and later in Shanghai, the society played a crucial role in the evolution of modern Chinese literature. The relevance of this study lies in its aim to fill gaps in the understanding of the literary process in China during this period. The novelty of the research is highlighted by the analysis of essays published in “Yü Sī” by prominent figures such as Lu Xun, Bing Xin, Zhou Zuoren, and Lin Yutang, whose works significantly influenced contemporary Chinese literature. It is noted that the fascination of Chinese writers with genres such as sanwen (essays), sanwen xiaoshuo (sketches), and sanwen shi (prose poetry) stemmed from their engagement with English and Russian literary traditions. The article characterizes the positioning practices and philosophical underpinnings of the “Yü Sī” journal, where Zhou Zuoren advocated for principles of freedom and spontaneity in both content and form. It is demonstrated that the European essay genre substantially influenced the evolution of traditional Chinese minor genres. The article concludes that the role of the “Yü Sī” society in shaping the essay genre within Chinese literature remains underexplored by Russian sinologists, suggesting avenues for further research.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):178-195
178-195
Beasts of Speech: Constructing Marginal Narrative in the 15th-Century Edition of “Stefanit and Ichnilat”
摘要
This article explores the principles of constructing marginal narratives within the translated Old Russian text “Stefanit and Ichnilat,” specifically its 15th-century edition. The novelty of this study lies in its pioneering inquiry into the potential for identifying marginal narrative practices in Old Russian texts from this period. It is revealed that the marginality of the narrative, as perceived by the Old Russian reader, is facilitated by the distinctive narrative structure of the text. The authors’ use of the Slavic version of the original work results in the creation of a plot that is engaging through a series of interwoven stories. The study demonstrates that in this Old Russian work with Eastern themes, the use of dialogue as a primary narrative device begins to function as a necessary foundation for constructing a separate narrative layer. It is emphasized that this effect is achieved through a story-within-a-story format narrated by non-anthropomorphic narrators who are simultaneously characters and storytellers. The analysis reveals that the “unnaturalness” of the narrative is uncovered through the additional subtext of the work. The author concludes that the pronounced equality between beast-heroes and the narrator, the duality of images, the effect of dual worlds, and the inventive work of the scribe with the text allow for viewing this monument within the context of the poetics of reflective traditionalism.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):196-211
196-211
Role of Linguistic Devices in Creating Cultural and Historical Specificity in Literary Texts
摘要
This article explores the linguistic devices employed in literary texts to construct cultural and historical richness. The materials for analysis are drawn from the novel “The Glass Woman” by a contemporary British author Caroline Lea, which has not previously undergone philological scrutiny, thus underscoring the novelty of this work. The aim of the article is to identify the linguistic means that convey the national and cultural specificity of 17th-century Iceland as presented in this work, as well as to determine their functions and significance in realizing the author’s intent. The analysis focuses on culture specific items, including non-equivalent vocabulary, proper names, lexical items from biblical and pagan texts, proverbs, and landscape vocabulary. The authors argue that studying literary texts as forms of existence and embodiment of a nation’s culture represents one of the current trends in contemporary linguistics. Having employed linguistic, cultural, lexical, semantic, and conceptual methods of text analysis, the authors conclude that linguistic cultural units perform an epistemological function; they facilitate the transmission of a specific national worldview; create representations of the unique identity and value system of Icelanders; promote the establishment of linguistic and cultural connections among communicants (author — characters — reader) and the formation of value universals in the reader’s mind.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):212-228
212-228
Representation of British Royal Family in Mike Bartlett’s Play “King Charles III”
摘要
This article explores the stylistic eclecticism present in Mike Bartlett’s play “King Charles III” and the dramatic interpretation of the British royal family members. The relevance of contemporary themes on the evolution of existing political genres is emphasized. Employing methods such as close reading, stylistic and verbal analysis, as well as typological, historical, and sociological approaches, the study demonstrates that the play encompasses elements of political drama, political comedy, and satirical comedy. It posits that the author’s use of eclecticism is driven by a desire to draw public attention to pressing social and political issues while expanding the genre diversity within politically oriented drama. The analysis reveals that Bartlett not only portrays individualized characters (the royal family members) but also collective representations reflecting the perspectives of various societal strata on the political landscape of the United Kingdom. A notable characteristic of the work is its direct connection to real-world references based on objective criteria: 1) it depicts the political life of contemporary Britain; 2) the characters have real prototypes — members of the royal family; 3) it is linked to an actual political event (the enactment of the Defamation Act 2013).
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):229-248
229-248
Epistolary Genre in Works of Maxim Gorky: Correspondence with V. F. Khodasevich (1924–1925)
摘要
This article investigates the characteristics of the epistolary genre within the correspondence of Maxim Gorky during the years 1924–1925. This period marks a time of vibrant creative exchange with V. Khodasevich, a prominent figure in Russian cultural emigration. The aim of the study is to demonstrate that Gorky’s letters to Khodasevich represent a creative act emerging from their brief yet impactful epistolary interaction. The analysis reveals that these letters constitute an individual genre structure, showcasing the author’s innovative approach to the genre as a dynamic entity characterized by both stable narrative-compositional techniques and varied methods of addressing the recipient, reflecting the uniqueness of the creative process involved in composing the letters. The research highlights how the complex array of textual creation methods employed in Gorky’s letters is influenced by the personalities of the correspondents, the nature of the era, and the circumstances surrounding their correspondence. It identifies consistent formulas in Gorky’s epistolary communication with Khodasevich, particularly those developed during discussions on the publication policies of the journal “Beseda.” The novelty of this study lies in its demonstration of the multifunctionality of polite discourse strategies in written dialogue, the associative nature of narrative dynamics, the use of various types of supertext, and the focus on how the text is perceived by its recipient.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):249-266
249-266
Journalistic Framework of Soviet Literary Era
摘要
This article examines the early literary journalism of Andrei Platonov and the “manifesto” of Valentin Rasputin, which represent the foundational and concluding phases of the evolution of Soviet literature. The relevance of this topic is underscored by a renewed scholarly interest in the Soviet era and the necessity to transcend evaluative stereotypes. The novelty of this study lies in the formulation of the problem and the research approach adopted. It is demonstrated that the meaning and logic of the informal writerly dialogue lead to the issue of the specificity of the national literary process, whose cyclical evolution is predetermined by the search for answers to timeless questions in Russian literature: Who am I? To whom do I address myself? For what purpose? As evidenced by Platonov’s publications, Soviet literature commenced with a pronounced emphasis on the creation of “proletarian” literature. The axiological foundations of this new literature were initially represented within the semantic structure of the lexical-semantic field of“Labor,” presented in a romantic and pathetical manner. Rasputin indicates that in the literary discourse of the late Soviet era, mass and postmodern creative orientations begin to dominate. He associates hope for the continuity and renewal of the literary landscape with a future in which the key term of literary discourse will be the noun ‘people’, interpreted within the context of national cultural tradition and history.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):267-283
267-283
HISTORY
Pastoral Livestock Farming in Southern Regions of Russia under Natural and Climatic Conditions of “Black Earth” of Kalmykia in 1930s.
摘要
The relevance of analyzing the historical experience of livestock development on migratory pastures in Southern Russia during the 1930s stems from the fact that agriculture is currently one of the most vital sectors of the country’s economy. The unique livestock products of Kalmykia, shaped by the unprecedented experiences of the 1930s in raising hardy animals capable of enduring harsh conditions such as lack of shelter, feed shortages, and poor-quality (brackish) water, are now in demand on a global scale. This article characterizes the actions taken by central and local authorities to combat natural disasters and assesses the assistance provided by neighboring regions to rescue livestock from the areas of the North Caucasus and Lower Volga that were on the migratory pasture known as “Black Earth.” The scientific novelty of this research lies in the comprehensive analysis of how a significant herd survived on one of Southern Russia’s pastures amidst a shortage of natural fodder, concentrated feed mixes, and water during winter, particularly during periods of extreme hardship. The study is primarily based on materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Central State Archive of the Republic of Dagestan, and the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. It demonstrates that poorly conceived policies by regional authorities regarding the concentration of livestock from the North Caucasus and Lower Volga regions, despite initial planning for placement during adverse ecological conditions, led to the loss of a substantial number of animals, including breeding stock.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):285-302
285-302
Changing Migration Landscape in Latin America in 21st Century
摘要
This article explores the key components and routes of migration flows in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) from the late 20th to the early 21st century. Special attention is given to the specificities of migration processes within the subregions of LAC—South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. The management of migration processes in the region is also addressed. It has been established that new mobility patterns have led to changes in regional and national migration policies. The interaction among LAC countries within regional integration organizations — such as the Common Market of the South, the Andean Community, and the South American Conference on Migration — is highlighted, emphasizing the development of subregional migration regimes that balance state control with human rights compliance. The findings indicate that states have deviated from a coordinated regional consensus on the “right to migrate,” shifting significantly toward securitization and externalization in light of their internal and external political interests. National strategies and tools for managing migration are identified, along with the influence of both external and internal factors on the formulation of migration policy.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):303-331
303-331
Effectiveness of Modernization Measures in Soviet Industry during Late 1960s
摘要
This article addresses the implementation of modernization initiatives in the Soviet Union's industrial sector during the late 1960s, focusing on several key industries. The analysis draws on declassified materials from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, now archived in the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, which are introduced into scholarly discourse for the first time. The value of these documents is underscored by the fact that experts from the State Committee for Science and Technology accurately identified critical pain points and proposed legitimate mechanisms to overcome technological lag. It is demonstrated that the documents prepared by Soviet specialists responsible for industrial rearmament reflect a realistic understanding of the challenges at hand. The authors of these reports exhibited significant awareness and persistence in seeking to draw the attention of central management bodies to the most pressing issues that emerged in science and economics during this period, as well as a desire to offer practical recommendations grounded in both domestic and international experience. The authors conclude that, despite an understanding of the actual situation and scientifically substantiated recommendations, the state management system failed to overcome the entrenched sectoral approach, achieve interaction between the defense sector and civilian industries, or expedite the integration of research and development results into production.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):332-350
332-350
Information on ‘Tatars’ in Chinese Historical Chronicles: “Song Shi” and Works of Li Xinchuan
摘要
This article analyzes the ethnonym ‘Tatars’ within the context of Chinese historical sources from the Song dynasty, particularly focusing on the dynastic history “Song Shi” and the writings of Li Xinchuan. The authors explore the variety of character representations of this ethnonym in Song-era documents, reflecting the complexity and multifaceted perceptions of this ethnic group by Chinese chroniclers. It is established that ‘Tatars’ (塔塔) first appear in “Song Shi” as competitors to the Black Tatars, to which Genghis Khan belonged. The study reveals that the cultural Tatars residing near Mount Yinshan maintained contacts with China from the end of the Tang dynasty and the Five Dynasties period until 984, but these relations were severed following the uprising of Li Jiqian. Furthermore, it is shown that Li Xinchuan was the first to note the emergence of the ethnonym ‘Mongol-Tatars’ with the rise of Genghis Khan's empire. Thus, the article underscores the significance of Chinese sources for studying the history of the Tatars and their interactions with regional peoples, while Li Xinchuan’s works represent a valuable contribution to understanding the ethnic and political history of Central Asia during the Song era and the early Mongol Empire.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):351-368
351-368
Orenburg Nepluev Military School in Early 1840s: On Eve of Its Rebranding as a Cadet Corps
摘要
The relevance of this study is underscored by the 200th anniversary of military education in the Ural region. It is reported that on January 2, 1825, the Orenburg Nepluev Military School was established, laying the foundations for military education in this strategically significant area of Russia. This article analyzes the development of the institution during the early 1840s, from the approval of the “Regulations on the Orenburg Nepluev Military School” in 1840 to its rebranding as a cadet corps in 1844. At this stage, the paper characterizes the staffing situation within the institution and delineates the specific composition and training of its cadets in accordance with the 1840 regulations. The author notes that, despite Orenburg’s provincial status, which posed challenges in recruiting highly qualified personnel, the faculty of the institution should be recognized as one of its strengths. It is emphasized that the 1840 regulations considered regional specifics, facilitating further development and ultimately leading to its inclusion in the esteemed family of cadet corps across the Russian Empire. The study establishes that graduates from this institution played significant roles in various spheres of public life, not only in Orenburg but throughout the country.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):369-389
369-389
Russian Orthodox Church during Great Patriotic War: Foreign Policy Aspects and Interaction with Soviet Authority
摘要
This study analyzes the primary directions of the Russian Orthodox Church’s (ROC) activities during the Great Patriotic War. The research is grounded in a comprehensive examination of texts including speeches and telegrams from senior Orthodox hierarchs directed to the leaders of foreign Orthodox communities, Soviet laypeople, and state structures of the USSR. A total of 25 sources were analyzed, comprising 5 primary documents and 20 scholarly works. The findings reveal that Germany’s confessional policy aimed to exploit believers for the interests of the Third Reich, specifically to create a conflict between the Soviet authorities and the Orthodox community. It is noted that the awareness of this reality, along with the repression of priests who sought independence in their relations with the occupying regime, as well as the effective propaganda strategies employed by the Moscow Patriarchate, significantly influenced the patriotic engagement of clergy and laity in territories occupied by Nazi forces. The constructive nature of the interactions between Soviet leadership and ROC hierarchs is highlighted, which facilitated the successful operation of the Moscow Patriarchate on the international stage. This study demonstrates that the foreign policy aspect of the ROC’s activities from 1943 to 1945 contributed to strengthening its global standing and restoring close ties with foreign autocephalous Orthodox churches.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):390-409
390-409
Slavic Question in Public Discourse of Russia in 1860s and 1870s (Materials from Newspaper “Novoe Vremya”)
摘要
This article analyzes materials from the political and literary newspaper “Novoe Vremya” from the late 1860s to the early 1870s, reflecting issues of Slavic solidarity and the attitudes of its editors-publishers, A.K. Kirkor and N.N. Yumotov, towards national movements in Slavic territories, the popular idea of Pan-Slavism, and its Russian variant. Special attention is given to the concept of “new Pan-Slavism,” which emerged within the pages of “Novoe Vremya” during this period and proposed the creation of a union of equal Slavic nations — a Slavic federation led by the Russian Empire. In accordance with the theoretical and methodological framework of this study, particular emphasis is placed on the role of “Novoe Vremya” in the public discussions surrounding the Slavic question, which demonstrated a desire for national consolidation among the educated Russian society through the intellectual construction of Russian and Slavic identities. The conclusion drawn is that the editorial team of “Novoe Vremya,” advocating for the transcendence of Russian religious nationalism, developed ideas that foreshadowed the later movement of Neo-Slavism, which recognized the equality of Orthodoxy and Catholicism within the Slavic world and supported the independent development of each Slavic nation alongside a mutual respect for cultural dialogue.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):410-429
410-429
State Procurement and Purchase of Livestock Products in Ural Region (1946–1950)
摘要
This article examines the dynamics of state procurement and purchase of livestock products in the Ural region during the first post-war five-year period. The authors utilized materials from two leading federal archives — the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Russian State Archive of Economy. The study emphasizes the extremity of the examined temporal period. It is demonstrated that even by 1950, the pre-war levels of procurement and purchases of meat, eggs, and wool in the republics and regions of the Ural had not been achieved. The authors conclude that despite annual increases in production, Ural regions only occasionally met the established procurement targets, as these targets were generally set unrealistically high. It is underscored that the system of state procurement and purchase of agricultural products effectively functioned as a form of natural taxation. Furthermore, it is asserted that by 1950, livestock farming in the Ural region remained in a dire state, as evidenced by the dynamics of state procurement and purchases during the first post-war five-year period. The conclusion drawn is that during extreme periods in the history of Russia and the USSR, this system convincingly demonstrated its urgent necessity.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):430-450
430-450
Economic Activities of Craft Cooperatives in Tambov Province from 1921 to 1924
摘要
This article explores the regional specifics of organizing economic activities among craft cooperatives and their unions during the early stages of the revival of craft cooperation in the NEP era. The timeframe under consideration corresponds to the initial phase following the end of War Communism. The study identifies distinctive features of the operations of consolidated artisans by the conclusion of this period. Furthermore, it analyzes the status of district and provincial special unions that were active from 1921 to 1922. Several factors hindering the establishment of a cooperative system were identified, including a weak financial foundation for the newly formed unions, their loose organizational structure, a shortage of skilled professionals, an inability to operate under market conditions, and organizational missteps by board members. A separate analysis is devoted to the period of 1923 to 1924, during which a severe crisis in cooperative development occurred. The author concludes that this crisis stemmed from both objective factors (such as changes in the territorial boundaries of the province and the nationwide economic crisis of 1923) and subjective factors (including numerous miscalculations by local cooperative leadership). It is demonstrated that as a result of this process, the only remaining district union of craft cooperation in the province was dissolved, and craft cooperatives virtually disappeared from mixed unions. The article emphasizes that many fraudulent cooperatives also ceased to exist during this time.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):451-467
451-467
Transregional Cooperation of Austrian Federal Lands with Eastern Regions and Countries in 20th-21st Centuries
摘要
This article examines the formation and development of transregional relationships between the federal lands of Austria and Eastern countries and regions. It highlights the interaction between the lands and the federal government in shaping regional foreign policy strategies. The study presents an analysis of the regulatory framework governing the international and foreign policy activities of Austria’s regions, based on a review of national legislation. The paper addresses the traditional close ties of Austrian regions with partners from neighboring states. Additionally, it explores partnerships with distant Eastern territories, including Chinese provinces, Japanese prefectures, Iran, Turkey, Israel, and Middle Eastern countries. The research is grounded in an original comprehensive methodology that incorporates principles of dynamism, systemic thinking, and holistic analysis, as well as historical-systemic and historical-comparative approaches, alongside theoretical foundations from multilevel governance and federalism theories. It is established that China serves as a priority partner for many Austrian lands, with various Chinese provinces engaging based on the resource and infrastructure capabilities of Austria’s regions.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):468-490
468-490
Labor Reserves in USSR during 1940s and 1950s: A Socio-Cultural Portrait of Students
摘要
This article examines key socio-demographic indicators of students enrolled in state labor reserves during the 1940s and 1950s. The research employs mathematical and statistical methods to analyze administrative documentation pertaining to the state labor reserves. A detailed analysis is conducted on various indicators, including gender, age, place of residence, social status, educational level, ethnicity, and health conditions of students in vocational / technical schools and training institutions. The findings reveal the heterogeneity of labor reserve students across specific socio-demographic metrics, as well as the correlation between students’ social profiles and the type of educational institution (school vs. vocational school). Furthermore, the study highlights the dynamic changes in socio-demographic indicators at different stages of the development of the skilled labor training system from the 1940s to the late 1950s. It is noted that these socio-demographic characteristics can be viewed as socio-cultural markers of the informal portrait of labor reserve students, influencing their behavioral practices and mental frameworks. The results of this research can be applied to the study of the evolution of vocational and technical education systems.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):491-511
491-511
Portsmouth Peace Treaty of 1905 in Assessments of Russian Public Opinion
摘要
This article presents a novel examination of the evaluations made by various political factions within Russian society — liberal, conservative, and populist — regarding the Portsmouth Peace Treaty of 1905. The research is based on materials from central Russian periodicals. The authors elucidate the essence and content of the positions articulated by the Russian press concerning the necessity of concluding a peace treaty with Japan. It is demonstrated that connections were drawn in the periodical press between the establishment of peace and the domestic political crisis in Russia. The article characterizes opinions expressed in periodicals regarding the mediation of the United States in the conclusion of the peace treaty between Russia and Japan. Furthermore, it analyzes the perspectives of leading newspapers and journals on territorial concessions made by Russia, including discussions surrounding the status of territories in the Kwantung region and the division of Sakhalin Island. The article also explores how periodicals envisioned Russia’s status in the Far East and the shifting influence of various powers on regional politics following the signing of the Portsmouth Treaty.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):512-530
512-530
Germans of Turkestan: Formation of an Ethnic Community from 1880s to 1906
摘要
This study examines the migration and demographic development of German landowner settlers in the Turkestan General-Governorship (specifically the Transcaspian and Syr-Darya regions) between 1880 and 1906. Primary sources include administrative documents from the Russian State Historical Archive, materials from regional surveys published between 1890 and 1907, aggregate statistical data from the First General Census of the Russian Empire pertaining to the studied regions, and contemporary accounts. Our research concludes that during the 1880s and 1890s, the first mono-ethnic and mono-confessional German settlements were established in Turkestan. Key factors driving the migration of Germans from the Volga region included the imposition of military service on Mennonites and an agrarian crisis characterized by crop failures and famine. It is demonstrated that the Germans were able to create sustainable communities in their new locations, with natural population growth serving as the primary source of demographic increase until the onset of Stolypin’s agrarian reform.
Nauchnyi Dialog. 2025;14(3):531-551
531-551