Reproduction of intellectual capital of individuals in the domestic economy: key stages and trends

Introduction. In the economy of the Russian Federation, the processes of reproduction of the intellectual capital of citizens are characterized by multidirectional trends. On the one hand, the systems of further education, including distance education, are developing quite actively, the innovation infrastructure is being strengthened, platforms for supporting startups, one of the forms of intellectual capital implementation, are being intensively created and improved, etc. On the other hand, the institution of the Unified State Exam (USE), the Bologna system of personnel training, the outflow of some of the most qualified personnel, in particular IT specialists, to the virtual segment of the economy, as well as the remote work of the latter for foreign organizations are making an ambiguous impact on the quality of intellectual capital reproduction.

The aim of the study is to develop methodological tools for assessing intellectual capital and to substantiate the directions for improving its reproduction in the context of the formation of post-industrial socio-economic solutions.

Methodology. The theoretical basis of the study is made up of the provisions of the institutional, neo-institutional and post-neoclassical paradigms of economic theory in terms of studying the trends in the formation and reproduction of intellectual capital. The following methods were used during the work preparation: analysis, synthesis, the study of static and dynamic indicators, correlation and regression analysis, tools of the portfolio approach to studying economic processes, the method of index numbers.

Research results. The content of the main stages in development of the processes of reproduction of intellectual capital of individuals in the domestic economy from the Soviet period to the beginning of 2020 has been systematized. Thus, in the times of the USSR, a fairly comprehensive and effective system of reproduction of the intellectual potential of the employed population was developed. The system was destroyed in the 1990s. The authors have identified the key trends, advantages and disadvantages of the reproduction of intellectual capital at various stages of the evolution of the domestic economic system in 2000-2024, including those associated with the introduction of new institutions in the Russian Federation (USE, the Bologna system, institutions of innovative infrastructure, etc.).

Conclusion. The study confirms the closest relationship between the reproduction of an individual's intellectual capital and the processes of transformation of the domestic economy. There is synchronization of stages of intellectual capital development with institutional reforms of the social and economic systems of social reproduction.