Yūsuf Khāṣṣ-Hājib on Virtuous Leadership: A Medieval Turko-Islamic Philosophical Discourse
- Autores: Nauruzbayev D.M.1, Altayev Z.A.1, Abdimomynov N.T.1
-
Afiliações:
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
- Edição: Volume 28, Nº 2 (2024): KANT IN RUSSIA
- Páginas: 450-466
- Seção: HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2313-2302/article/view/325428
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2024-28-2-450-466
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UXKNAU
- ID: 325428
Citar
Texto integral
Resumo
The article examines Yūsuf Khāṣṣ-Hājib’s magnum opus, Kutadgu Bilig , to analyze his thoughts on virtue ethics and leadership. Grounded in the ancient Mirror for Princes genre, the didactic poem Kutadgu Bilig reflects the medieval Turko-Islamic philosophical discourse on virtuous leadership, wherein the main characters of the poem engage in profound discussions about justice, morality, and wisdom by elucidating their significance in governance. Moreover, the article has revealed how Kutadgu Bilig expounds on the essential role of virtues in nurturing future political rulers as virtuous leaders through the cultivation of virtue ethics. As the paper finds, virtue ethics takes a central position in Yūsuf’s teachings, and the Kutadgu Bilig was written to illuminate the path to wisdom in governance and ethical decision-making for young political rulers. The first part of the paper examines Yūsuf’s thoughts on virtuous leadership and his utopian ideas about “the virtuous ruler” (Kün Togdi) in the Kutadgu Bilig by focusing on his qualities. In the second part, the paper analyzes the positive effects of virtuous leadership according to Yūsuf’s perspectives. Special attention is given to Yūsuf’s four principles in the Kutadgu Bilig - Justice, Fortune (Happiness), Wisdom (or Intellect), and Contentment , which are examined in the context of virtue ethics. Moreover, the article attempted, so far as it has been able, to trace Yūsuf’s ideas on virtuous leadership with the thoughts of the Islamic philosopher al-Fārābī.
Palavras-chave
Sobre autores
Darkhan Nauruzbayev
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: nauruzbayevd@bk.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7934-4919
PhD student, Department of Philosophy
39/47 Masanchi St., 050012, Almaty, Republic of KazakhstanZhakipbek Altayev
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Email: altaev.kaznu@gmail.com
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3925-0045
DSc in Philosophy, Professor, Department of Philosophy
39/47 Masanchi St., 050012, Almaty, Republic of KazakhstanNurtas Abdimomynov
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Email: nurtas.amirbay@gmail.com
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5395-8701
PhD in History, Professor, Department of History of Kazakhstan
39/47 Masanchi St., 050012, Almaty, Republic of KazakhstanBibliografia
- Scalzo G, Akrivou K, Fernandez GM. A Personalist Approach to Business Ethics: New Perspectives for Virtue Ethics and Servant Leadership. Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility. 2023;(32):145-158. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12435
- Plato. Complete works. Cooper JM, Hutchinso DS, editors. Indianapolis Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company; 1997.
- Aristotle. The Politics. Oxford World’s Classics. Stalley RF, editor. Barker E, translator. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1998.
- Mittiga R. Ranking the regimes in Aristotle’s Politics: The four-principles approach. The Review of Politics. 2021;8(1):1-20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003467052000087X
- Plato. The Republic. Reeve CD, editor. Grube GM, translator. Indianapolis: Hackett; 1992.
- Dieterici F. Alfarabi’s Philosophische Abhandlungen. Verlag: Outlook Verlag; 2022.
- Walzer R. Introduction. In: Walzer R, editor, translator. Al-Fārābi on the perfect state: Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī’s Mabādiʾ Ārāʾ Ahl al-Madīna al-Fāḍila. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1985. P. 1-18.
- Fakhry M. Al-Farabi and the reconciliation of Plato and Aristotle. Journal of the History of Ideas. 1965;26(4):469-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/2708494
- Fakhry M. Aristotelian and Neo-Platonic Tendencies: Al-Fārābī (d. 950), Ibn Sīnā (d. 1037), and Ibn Rushd (d. 1198). In: Fakhry M, editor. Ethical Theories in Islam. Leiden: Brill; 1994. P. 78-92.
- Cotesta V. Al-Farabi II. Political Theory and the Doctrine of the Perfect Imam. In: Gotesto V, editor. The Heavens and the Earth: Graeco-Roman, Ancient Chinese, and Mediaeval Islamic Images of the World. Leiden: Brill; 2021. P. 339-357.
- Lulofs HJD. The Ruler as Philosopher. A New Interpretation of Fārābī’s View. In: Daiber H, editor. From the Greeks to the Arabs and Beyond. V. 2. Islamic Philosophy. Leiden: Brill; 2021. P. 375-394.
- Al-Fārābī A. Kitāb al-Milla wa-nuṣūṣ uḫrā. Mahdi M, editor. Beirut: Dār al-Mašriq; 1968.
- Al-Fārābi A. Al-Fārābi on the Perfect State: Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī’s Mabādiʾ Ārāʾ Ahl al-Madīna al-Fāḍila. Walzer R, editor, translator. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1985.
- Yūsuf Khāṣṣ-Hājib. Kutadgu Bilig. Wisdom of Royal Glory. A Turko-Islamic Mirror for Princes. Dankoff R, editor, translator. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press; 1983.
- Tekin T. A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic. Bloomington: Indiana University; 1968.
- Dankoff R. Inner Asian Wisdom Traditions in the Pre-Mongol Period. Journal of the American Oriental Society. 1981;101(1):87-95. https://doi.org/10.2307/602165
- Kononov AN. A Word about Yūsuf from Balasagun and his poem Blessed Knowledge (Wisdom of Royal Glory). Sovetskaja tjurkologija. 1970;(4):3-12. (In Russian).
- Dankoff R. Introduction to Wisdom of Royal Glory. In: Dankoff R, editor. From Mahmud Kasgari to Evliya Celebi Studies in Middle Turkic and Ottoman Literature. Istanbul: Isis Press; 2008. P. 131-172.
- Yūsuf Has Hâcib. Kutadgu Bilig II: Tercüme. Arat RR, editor, translator. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları; 1959.
- Dilaçar A. Bize Mânevî Cihazlanmayı Öğreten: Kutadgu Bilig. Ankara: Manevî Cihazlanma Cemiyeti; 1970.
- Kononov AN. The poem of Yūsuf Balasagun Blessed Knowledge. In: Kononov AN, editor, Ivanov SN, translator. Yūsuf Balasagun. Blessed Knowledge (Wisdom of Royal Glory). Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1983. P. 495-517. (In Russian).
- Egeubaev A. The great heritage of the Turkish world. In: Egeubaev A, editor, translator. Yūsuf Khāṣṣ-Hājib. Qutty bіlіk. Almaty: Taymas; 2007. P. 8-55 (In Kazakh).
- Dankoff R. Introduction to Wisdom of Royal Glory. In: Dankoff R, translator. Wisdom of Royal Glory. A Turko-Islamic Mirror for Princes. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press; 1983. P. 1-35.
- Ivanov SN. About Wisdom of Royal Glory of Yūsuf Balasagun. In: Kononov AN, editor, Ivanov SN, translator. Blessed Knowledge by Yūsuf Balasagun. Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1983. P. 518-538. (In Russian).
- Starr SF. Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia’s Golden Age from the Arab Conquest to Tamerlane. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press; 2014.
- Ganieva RK. Eastern Renaissance and poet Kul Gali. Kazan: KGU Publishing House; 1988. (In Russian).
- Alberts O. Der Dichter des in Uigurisch-Türkischem Dialect geschriebenen Kudatku Bilik (1069-1070) ein Schüler des Avicenna. Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie. 1901;14(3):319-336. Republished by De Gruyter July 22, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1515/agph.1901.14.3.319
- Al-Fārābī A. Social and ethical treatise. Khasymzhanov Akh, editor. Alma-Ata: Nauka publ.; 1973. (In Russian).
- Yūsuf Khāṣṣ-Hājib. Kutadgu Bilig. Egeubaev A, editor, translator. Almaty: Taĭmas; 2007 (In Kazakh).
- Bonelli M. Farabi’s Virtuous City and the Plotinian World Soul: A New Reading of Farabi’s “Mabadi’Ara’Ahl Al-Madina Al-Fadila”: dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Montreal; 2009.
- Nauruzbayev D, Abzhalov S, Bazarbayev K, Kolukiri S, Amrebayeva Z. The concept of Justice in Yūsuf Khāṣṣ-Hājib’s Kutadgu Bilig. The Bulletin of KazNU. 2023;85(3):15-24. https://doi.org/10.26577/10.26577/jpcp.2023.v.85.i3.03
- Hackett RD, Wang G. Virtues and leadership: An integrating conceptual framework founded in Aristotelian and Confucian perspectives on virtues. Management Decision. 2012;(505):868-899. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741211227564
- Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Books II-IV. Taylor C. editor. New York: Oxford University Press; 2006.
- Broadie S, Rowe C. editors. Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press; 2002.
- Hanbury GL. A ‘Pracademic’s’ Perspective of Ethics and Honor: Imperatives for Public Service in the 21st Century. Public Organization Review. 2004;(4):187-204.
- Ryskieva A, Nauruzbaev D, Abzhalov S, Bazarbaev K. The concept of happiness in the works of Abu Nasr Al-Fārābi and Yūsuf Khāṣṣ-Hājib Balasaghun. Al-Farabi Journal. 2023;84(4):16-31. (In Kazakh). https://doi.org/10.48010/2023.4/1999-5911.02
Arquivos suplementares
