Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
- Year: 2016
- Articles: 12
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2500-1388/issue/view/1287
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2016-0-1
Articles
INNOVATION IN SSMU: INFRASTRUCTURE, TRAINING, DEVELOPMENT OF BREAKTHROUGH PROJECTS, TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGIES INTO PRACTICE, PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN RUSSIAN AND REGIONAL INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM
Abstract
The article focuses on the role of Samara State Medical University in the development of innovative capacity of the Samara region in the sphere of healthcare and medical education. Special attention is given to the multilevel innovative infrastructure of SSMU, which includes such unique departments as the Center for groundbreaking research “IT in medicine”, the scientific and production technology park, scientific-educational centers, small innovative enterprises and others. In particular, this infrastructure is an integrative platform not only for own innovation process at the university, but also for the development of current medical science prospects, for the formation of unique competences in interdisciplinary spheres, for the realization of science-based business, for the organization of innovative educational process (especially in the sphere of simulation technologies), for implementation into clinical practice, and also for successful incorporation into international cooperation.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):8-13
8-13
LOUDNESS OF SOUNDS OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCY AND INTENSITY: THE GENERALIZED WEBER LAW FOR HEARING
Abstract
Aim - rigorous scientificand theoretical substantiation of the Weber law for determination of loudness of sounds of different frequency and intensity. Objects and methods. E.H. Weber's experimental results on subjective perception of objectively measured parameters of external irritants, their theoretical substantiation for sounds of the standard frequency 1 kHz, biophysical and biomathematical modeling of loudness of sounds with different parameters. Results. The Weber law by author for determination of loudness of sounds of different frequency and intensity is evidence based.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):14-18
14-18
INFILTRATIVE LUNG TUBERCULOSIS, PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE AND HIV INFECTION (COMORBIDITY AND MULTIMORBIDITY OF DISEASES)
Abstract
Aim - to explore the features of comorbidity and multimorbidity of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (IPT), peptic ulcer (PU), HIV infection in modern conditions. Materials and methods. The study involved 392 patients with IPT aged 20-44 years, HIV-positive with CD4 200500/pl, suffering from uncomplicated ulcer. Results. Peptic ulcer disease was diagnosed in 20.5% of patients with IPT and 19.5% patients with HIV infection in stage C2 and IPT, complaining of dyspepsia. The multimorbid combination of IPT, HIV infection and PU is characterized by: oligosymptomatic onset of tuberculosis; the clinical picture shows the dominance of asthenic syndrome, manifestations of gastric and intestinal dyspepsia, weight loss (2-4 times more frequently than in patients without HIV infection), less prominent destructive process in the lung tissue (2 times less than in patients without HIV infection). H.pylori is the aetiological factor of PU in 62.5% of patients with IPT and 58.7% patients with HIV infection in stage C2 and IPT. The combination of H.pylori-negative PU and IPT has significantly more unfavorable prognosis compared to comorbidity of H.pylori-positive peptic ulcer and IPT. Conclusion. Diagnosis of PU, HIV infection and H.pylori-status allows defining multiple categories of comorbidity (patients with IPT and dyspeptic syndrome, patients with IPT and H.pylori-associated peptic ulcer, patients with IPT and H.pylori-negative ulcer) and multimorbidity (HIV-infected patients with IPT and H.pylori-associated ulcer, HIV-infected patients with IPT and H.pylori-negative ulcer).
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):19-24
19-24
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE CITIES OF SAMARA AND PENZA
Abstract
Aim - definition of modern features of growth and development of children from Samara and Penza. Material and methods. Anthropometric researches (length and body mass, circumference of the chest, waist and hips) of children from Samara and Penza at the age of 7-17 years were held. 2784 healthy and almost healthy children (I and II health groups) joined the survey group: 1397 children from Samara and 1387 children from Penza. The obtained data of the average values of anthropometric characteristics of children from Penza were compared with the results of the research of the corresponding sex and age groups of schoolchildren from Samara. The statistical processing of the obtained data was made with the help of the software package SPSS 21. Results. Children from Penza in primary and middle school levels have reliably higher values of the measures of the length and body mass in comparison with the parameters of their peers from Samara. Boys from Penza in all age groups (except 12 years old boys) and girls in middle (11-14 years) and senior (15-17 years) school levels have reliably higher values of the measures of chest circumference in comparison with the parameters of their peers from Samara. Waist circumference ofboys from Penza has reliably higher values in age groups of 7, 10, 11, 13-17 years. At the same time, significant differences in the values of waist circumference of girls from Penza and Samara were not revealed. Schoolchildren from Penza in the boys’ age groups of 7-11, 13 years and girls’ age groups of 7-14 years have reliably higher values of the measures of the circumference of hips in comparison with the corresponding groups of schoolchildren from Samara. Conclusion. Revealed significant differences of anthropometric data can serve as the evidence of inhomogeneous influence of such factors as living conditions and lifestyle, environment, and educational process on the growth and development of schoolchildren from Samara and Penza.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):25-30
25-30
COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF REGENERATIVE POTENCY OF SPHINCTER CERVICAL TISSUES IN RATS WITH CANALIS CERVICIS UTERI TRACTION UNDER EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS
Abstract
Aim - to study the reparative regeneration processes after experimental gradual traction of cervix uteri in rats. Materials and methods. The object of the study is the cervix at the sphincter. We performed gradual traction of cervix uteri in 25 rats under aether anesthesia and gathered the samples.We analyzed the course of reparative regeneration and performed sampling after 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 21 and 30 days. We carried out complex morphological examination with optical and transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. The immunohistochemical examination of cervical tissues was performed using a set of monoclonal antibodies to а-smooth muscle actin. Results. It was determined that cervical traction formed three distinguishable zones: the zone of damage, the periwound zone and the zone of morphological integrity. The zone of damage corresponds to the actual sphincter and the periwound zone - to pre- and postsphincteral compartments. Several myocytes undergo necrosis in the damage zone. There is no necrosis in the periwound area, but we found some abnormality of intercellular contacts due to the change of the morphology of intercellular substance. The experimental traction causes the development of local septic inflammation, affecting all the layers. The synthesis of fibrous connective tissue components starts in the proliferative phase. It leads to restructuring of histoarchitecture and disruption of the functional syncytium structure. Conclusion. Post-traumatic regeneration is performed by changing the phenotype of survived myocytes from mantle to mantle-synthetic myocytes with synthesis of the fiber component of the intercellular substance. Also, there is an incomplete mitosis in several myocytes, which leads to the formation of binuclear or polyploid cells.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):31-35
31-35
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF THE CONTOURS OF AUTONOMIC CONTROL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DURING THE FUNCTIONAL TEST WITH BREATHING OF VARIABLE FREQUENCY
Abstract
Aim - the study of characteristics of the interaction between the contours of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods. We studied the recordings of electrocardiograms and photoplethysmograms of 25 healthy subjects taken during the functional test with chirp breathing. Synchronization of the regulation contours was studied using the previously proposed approaches. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out. Results. We have studied the rhythms with a frequency of about 0.1 Hz. It was revealed that these rhythms are synchronized under the influence of breath. We calculated the duration of the synchronization intervals. Conclusion. The results support the hypothesis for autonomy and functional independence of the studied regulation contours.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):36-40
36-40
CORRECTION OF LIPID AND HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS IN PATIENTS AT HIGH RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEATH
Abstract
Aim - to study the peculiarities of lipid and coagulation abnormalities in high risk patients, and also the possibilities of their correction with statin therapy. Methods. 102 patients were studied, 1 group included patients with LDL 3.0-3.9 mmol/l (n=59), who received atorvastatin 40 mg daily with titration to 80 mg daily, 2 group - patients with LDL >4.0 mmol/l (n=48), who received rosuvastatin 10 mg daily with titration to 20 mg daily. Results. In the 1 group of patients, after 24 weeks mean LDL level decreased by 43.3% (p<0.001), 51 patients (94.4%) achieved target level of LDL. In the 2 group, mean LDL level decreased by 50.6% (p<0.001), 43 patients achieved target level of LDL. The mean level of Willebrand factor (vWf) (127.1+21.9% in the 1 group and 124 + 34.8% in the 2 group) and D-dimer (1.0+0.6 pg/ml in the 1 group and 0.9 + 0.5 pg/ml in the 2 group) was higher than before treatment. In the patients of the 1 group, after 24 weeks of treatment fibrinogen levels decreased by 19.1% (p<0,001), vWf-by 20.5% (p<0,001). D-dimer levels - by 12% (p=0,046). Fibrinogen levels in the patients of the 2 group decreased by 23.5% (p<0,001), vWf - by 31.6% (p<0,001), D-dimer -by 33.3% (p=0,01) and starting time of ADF induced platelet aggregation increased by 11.8% (p=0,008). Conclusions. Patients at high risk of cardiovascular death show the rise of vWf and D-dimer levels along with dyslipidemia. Statin treatment during 24 weeks leads to achievement of target levels of LDL, decreasing of endothelial dysfunction and also thrombogenic potential of the blood.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):41-45
41-45
CHANGES IN PATTERNS OF SENSORIMOTOR EEG RHYTHMS DURING MOTOR IMAGERY
Abstract
Aim - the determination of common and individual characteristics in patterns of sensorimotor rhythms of EEG during motor imagery in upper and lower limbs. Materials and methods. 20 right-handed students of Samara State Medical University at the age of 18-20 years took part in the investigation, signing informed consent. Monopolar EEG was recorded with the use of 128-channel EEG recording system (BP-010302 BrainАmpStandart 128) at rest and during the imagining of monovector movements in 4 limbs (bending fingers of the right hand, bending fingers of the left hand, dorsiflexion of the right foot, dorsiflexion of the left foot); and during the imagining of triple-vector movements in the dominant hand (fingers bending, elbow flexion, wrist rotation). The following programs and methods were used during the processing of EEG: MatLab, IBM SPSS Statistics 22, ICA (independent component analysis), CSP (Common Spatial Pattern), LORETA. Results. It was found out that alpha2- and beta2- EEG frequency bands are highly significant for the formation of contralateral activation focus during motor imagery in the 4 limbs. ERD / ERS of the EEG rhythms were more pronounced during imagining movements in the dominant limbs (right hand, right leg) than in non-dominant.We found individuality of responses of sensorimotor EEG rhythms in addition to the general trends of EEG changes during imagination of one-type movement in the 4 limbs. The significance of changes in the power of EEG sensorimotor rhythms for differentiating 3 degrees of freedom during motor imagery in one limb was not found. Conclusion. Event-related desynchronization/synchro-nization(ERD/ERS) of sensorimotor EEG rhythms related to motor imagery has individual characteristics and their classification will lead to the significant increase of the number of degrees of freedom in creation and implementation of BCI.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):46-51
46-51
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TEMPORARY DISABILITY EXAMINATION SERVICE IN RUSSIA
Abstract
Aim - characterization of the formation, organization, development and prospects of temporary disability examination (TDE) services in Russia. Materials and methods. A review of the data from the scientific publications and legal documents was conducted. Results. The characteristics of the organization and development of temporary disability examination service in Russia since the establishment of the service to date are described. The problems and prospects of TDE service were examined. Conclusion. The organization and development of temporary disability examination in Russia is determined by the formation of the whole healthcare system and by legal acts. The implementation of modern requirements to the temporary disability examination is determined by the challenges faced by healthcare providers, as well as the solution of the problems faced by the subjects of the internal control of activities of healthcare organizations.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):52-57
52-57
THE RESEARCH OF AWARENESS OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL REGARDING ORAL PATHOLOGY PREVENTION DURING PREGNANCY
Abstract
During the pregnancy period woman repeatedly seeks medical aid and consults different medical specialists. Meanwhile, there is no continuity for dynamic monitoring of pregnant woman’s health. The level of knowledge of medical personnel concerning prevention of main dental diseases must be high enough, as the influence on manageable risk factors is under their responsibilities. However, this level is confirmed neither in Russian, nor in the foreign literature. Aim - study of awareness of medical personnel who monitor pregnant women on the issues concerning prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases. Data and methods. A survey was conducted among 127 medical doctors of different specialities (obstetrician-gynecologists, dentists, pediatricians), working for state budgetary public health organizations of Samara. Results. The study highlighted a low level of primary health care doctors’ awareness on preventive measures for the main dental diseases of pregnant women (absence of motivation for dental diseases prevention and oral hygiene, inadequate knowledge about fluoride importance for caries prevention, exaggeration of the influence of non-manageable risk factors (heredity, ecological environment) on dental pathology development, a high level of reliance on information from the mass media about preventive measures in dentistry). Conclusion. It is necessary to improve the level of knowledge of doctors who monitor pregnant women. It can be achieved by the increase of doctors’ awareness (organization of lectures and seminars, development and production of visual aids for doctors of different specialities and mid-level medical staff).
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):58-61
58-61
MICROSCOPIC DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF WHOLE, MILLED AND POWDERED PLANT MATERIAL “RHIZOMES OF COMMON TURMERIC”
Abstract
Aim - the determination of microscopic diagnostic features of rhizomes of common turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), ginger family (Zingiberaceae). Materials and methods. We have studied whole, milled and powdered plant material of turmeric from different manufactures. The study was carried out with the use of the digital microscopes “Motic DM111” (Korea) and “Motic DM-39C-N9GO-A” (Korea). Results. It was determined that the microscopic diagnostic features of rhizomes of turmeric include the presence of cells with sinuous walls and structured content in the form of colored folding in the parenchyma; closed collateral vascular bundles lie scattered in the parenchyma, their conductive elements have narrow lumen. Vascular bundles contain pigment cells considerably smaller in comparison with the size of vessels. Pigment cells with drops of orange-red essential oil are also found in the parenchyma. In milled and powdered plant material, the fragments of all these elements are observed. In the fragments of powdered rhizomes of turmeric, numerous cells with yellow content are found; the parenchyma cells have less expressed folded structure. Fragments of vessels are found both in milled and powdered material. Conclusion. The results of this study were included in the section “Microscopy” of the project of pharmacopoeial monograph “Curcuma longa L. rhizomes”.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):62-66
62-66
MINILAPAROTOMIC ACCESS UNDER INTRAOPERATIVE ULTRASOUND NAVIGATION. EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION
Abstract
Aim - to evaluate the effectiveness of minilaparotomic access under intraoperative ultrasound navigation in the surgical treatment of liquid formations in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space in comparison with the puncture-draining interventions under ultrasound guidance. Material and methods. The analysis covered the treatment of 77 patients with interventions for liquid formations of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space using minimally invasive ultrasound-controlled technologies. Among them, 33 patients underwent puncture-draining interventions under ultrasound navigation (I group). Group II consisted of 44 patients with minilaparotomic surgery under intraoperative ultrasound guidance. Results. It is shown that minilaparotomic access under intraoperative ultrasound navigation allows performing one-step sanitation and drainage of abdominal structures of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space, containing in the lumen not only liquid, but also dense necrotic tissues. Conclusion. The process is technically feasible in any surgical hospital, economically relevant, since it does not require the purchase of additional equipment. Application of this method can significantly reduce postoperative mortality.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2016;1(1):67-71
67-71