Is the activity of the domestic court a “traditional value”?

The article is devoted to an overview of the situation and activities of the court in Russia in order to answer the question of attributing the domestic court activities to the composition of traditional values. The article considers the main parameters of judicial activity in the Moscow state (until the end of the 17th century), the Russian Empire (from the beginning of the 18th century to 1864), in the post-reform period (until 1917) and in the Soviet period (1917–1991). During the analysis of the legal status of the court in various historical periods, it was concluded that before the 18th century it was impossible to talk about the established judicial system, chaos reigned in the field of judicial proceedings, which in reality resulted in the infamous “Moscow red tape”. In the era of the Russian Empire, there was an active movement of the Russian court towards independence and the separation of the judiciary into an independent instance, but it did not succeed in becoming a “value” in the political culture of the autocracy. The post-reform period was marked by the Great Judicial Reform of 1864, which fundamentally changed the position of the court in the state and created conditions for the court’s participation in the rule-making process. However, the active formation of the judicial system was suspended by the events of 1917, in which the court lost its status of independence and for many decades became a technical tool for achieving party goals. The study concluded that the court and its activities during the difficult historical path of its formation into an independent legal institution have not yet become a traditional value in Russia.