No 4 (2023)
Articles
Efficiency of digital education: from goals to results (based on the XIII summer school for Teachers-2023)
Abstract
More than 3,000 people from 333 cities and 1,039 educational institutions participated in the next Summer School for Teachers-2023, organized by Yurait Publishing’s educational platform and held in webinar mode from June 26 to 30, 2023. 75 speakers gave presentations and panel discussions on the following topics: the effectiveness of digital education, the quality of digital education, the strategic goals of universities, the choice of the goal of an educational program, youth in Russia: demographic situation and prospects, evidence-based education based on digital data, rational management (analytics in educational management), storytelling and development of educational cases, use of ChatGPT by students in educational activities, personality in the digital reality of the virtual world: from Homo Sapiens to Homo Digital, digital educational environment: shared resources and individual paths, psychologically comfortable educational environment, digital scientific environment (current risks and new opportunities), ChatGPT for the teacher (free tools and digital activity of teachers, students), consideration of personal achievements as a path to student success, technological entrepreneurship (engagement, training, support). As a result of XIII Summer School for Teachers, we note that digital education is not a substitute for traditional education but is necessary for working with today’s youth. Digital technologies will not replace live communication with the teacher; they will become the most important tool for shaping the individual educational path; individualization will become the sign of quality education. The digital transformation of education should consider the best practices and provide the teacher with a wide range of technologies, services, and content to choose from because variability and flexibility are more important than standardization at this stage. It is necessary to update legal and ethical standards in the context of changes in the digital education and science environment and the development of artificial intelligence. It is necessary to develop teachers’ digital literacy, introduce hybrid learning models, and develop educational effectiveness assessments; the assessment system should move from learning assessment to the development of student’s analytical skills and systemic thinking. Artificial intelligence and ChatGPT are a serious challenge for the levels and the education system as a whole. The educational institution of the future should become an engine for the socio-economic development of the country.In this review, we will focus on individual topics and speeches.
5-17
Problematic smartphone use and its relationship to personality orientation, Machiavellianism, and communication skills
Abstract
The associations found in studies between smartphone addiction and numerous manifestations of subjective unhappiness (anxiety, depression, stress, procrastination, decreased self-control and self-esteem, dissatisfaction with life, and family problems) have led to the introduction of the construct ”problematic smartphone use” and the study of its content. The study aims to test the hypothesis that there are associations between problematic smartphone use and personality orientation, Machiavellianism, and communication skills in Russian-speaking society. Data for the empirical study were collected through online testing with 713 respondents in Belarus and Russia, including 361 women aged 15–77 (M = 26.6, SD = 10.9) and 350 men aged 12–82. The working hypothesis was confirmed: The study showed that men’s and women’s problematic smartphone use is positively correlated with self-orientation, Machiavellianism, dependent and aggressive behavior, and dependence on social networks, and negatively correlated with task orientation, assertive behavior, and age. At the same time, Machiavellianism is positively related to self-orientation, negatively related to interaction with others, and unrelated to the person’s task orientation.The results on the associations between problematic smartphone use and Machiavellianism and behaviors complement similar international findings. The relationship between problematic smartphone use and personality orientation has not been studied.The practical significance of the obtained results includes their possible use in prevention work to prevent students from becoming addicted to smartphones.
18-29
Non-complementarity in the training of educational psychologists and evaluation of their professional activity
Abstract
The question of non-complementarity in the system of training and evaluation of the work of educational psychologists is examined. Through an analysis and comparison of various texts, ranging from legal and regulatory documents to specialized research, the author presents his view on the origins of this type of contradiction between psychological training in Russia and the system of evaluation of educational psychologists in the field of education. The results of this analysis offer insights into possible ways to solve the existing problem.This position is based on the identified contradictions between the following elements within the training of educational psychologists and the assessment of their professional activities: 1) legal and regulatory, 2) methodological, 3) educational, and 4) personal (personal-professional). The possibilities for resolving these contradictions are described in detail:Defining the basic characteristics of educational psychologists’ activities in the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES) and professional performance standards, as well as in the legal and methodological documents related to the work of school psychologists.Eliminate “methodological chaos” by creating a professional and scientifically accurate understanding of the content of educational psychology and its major areas of work in education.Legal clarification of the position and role of the psychologist in the education system and evaluation of the work of the educational psychologist.
30-42
Career prospects of high school students in the context of social change
Abstract
Against the backdrop of global social change, modern high school students face the challenge of choosing a career path corresponding to current realities. This includes taking into account the trend towards specialization in modern education. Established career prospects help young people decide about their educational and career options. This enables them to gain self-confidence and take the necessary steps to achieve their goals. Consequently, one of the most important tasks of educational institutions is to psychologically and pedagogically support the process of developing career perspectives in high school students.The study aims to examine the current trends in creating professional opportunities for modern high school students and determine the goals for the organization of psychological and pedagogical support of this process.The methodological framework of the study is based on the ideas of a systematic approach. From this perspective, career perspectives are conceptualized as a series of interconnected developmental pathways that emerge in the context of a person’s life events. These paths shape the future in terms of career development and advancement. The dimensions of career pathways are defined as a systemic personality formation encompassing the following aspects: Values and Meaning, Cognitive, Emotional and Evaluative, and Organizational and Action-oriented.The empirical research methods used in the study include questionnaire surveys, subjective scaling methods, and psychological tests. The collected data was analyzed with mathematical and statistical techniques using SPSS Statistics 22.0 software. The study involved 120 high school students from a Russian general education school.According to the study, the basis for the development of career prospects for high school students is based on values associated with professional activities, health, and self-development. Modern young people tend to make plans for the medium-term future, a period of one to five years. High school students are positive about their professional future and actively engage in self-organizing activities, planning skills, and setting strategic goals. High school students’ career perspectives should be shaped with psychological and pedagogical support that is aligned with their academic profile. In some cases (math profile), it should aim to prevent loss of interest, while in other cases (humanities profile), it should address anxiety.
43-57
Role of resilience on the prevalence of traumatic events in Kenya: a case of arson attacks in high schools in Nairobi County
Abstract
This study investigated the role of resilience in the traumatic events of June and July 2016, when more than 130 high schools were set ablaze. Learning was disrupted. The survivors were gripped with trauma symptoms and signs. This impaired their mental health and functioning. They needed psychological adjustment in order to return to normalcy. There were 835 students. Self-revealing questionnaires were adopted to gather information for analysis. The findings showed a link between resilience, adaptation, and functioning. Resilience and Mindful lessons were not taught in schools, and most schools missed out on facilities that would instill resilience among students.
58-68