Том 52, № 11-12 (2017)

The basic aspects of mathematical tools for developing a module for calculating parameters of blades of sectional axial tools are elucidated. The place of the module in the CAD/CAM system of designing sectional tools developed around graph models is determined. The main stages of CAD/CAM system operation are indicated. The results of operation of the module for designing sectional drill fitted with two detachable plates are reported.

The problem of modeling solid-state objects is formulated based on interpolation of their discrete representation. The basic methods of realization of interpolation of discrete state are proposed.

Here the question of means for drying dispersed moist materials by directed admission of infrared radiation is considered, and a schematic of the proposed drying machine is given.

An example of assessment of condenser casing strength taking account of extending the casing life 30 years beyond the design life is discussed.

Different designs of damping cutting tools intended to assure the stability of the cutting process and high quality of surface treatment are proposed. Theoretical and experimental studies of models of a cutting tool together with a determination of the microscopic irregularities of the worked surface are performed.

Results are given for quantitative evaluation of the adhesive strength of a coating formed by deformation cladding with a flexible tool. It is established that ultimate strength with normal separation of a specimen from an antifriction material coating formed on a steel 45 (HRC 43–45) surface reaches 7.8 MPa on average. Failure is predominantly adhesive in nature.

The problem of determining the kinematic parameters of a vibrodrilling device and the geometric elements of a sheared layer produced in the course of treating nonferrous metals and alloys by drilling with the use of axial vibrations is considered. Relationships between the dimensions of an element of a chip and the frequency of the axial vibrations are found.

Systems analysis methods were used to find ways to improve chemical-technological processes for creation and destruction of water-oil emulsions in an electric field. The chemical-technological system of an electric desalting unit (HTS-CDU) was divided into seven detailed subsystems. It is shown that the proposed approach allows consideration of various parameters affecting the system and provides a basis for the engineering design of processing equipment for the creation and destruction of an emulsion in an electric field.

The subject of the present study is a tubular fractionating tower in which the heat exchange pipes and the intertubular space together function as contact devices, while the process of fractionation itself occurs in the film mode; the tubular space fulfills the functions of a stripping section, while the intertubular space serves as a rectifying section and condenser for use in the formation of distillate. As a result of mass transfer, the steam phase is enriched with low-boiling components and the liquid phase with high-boiling components. The study is designed to develop methods of calculating and simulating processes in a fractionating tower with integrated heat exchange. Through the use of the results of the study, the energy consumption and metal content of the equipment may both be reduced.

An experimental stand for measuring the specific methane storage capacity of monolithic adsorbent samples was designed and produced. Experimental studies of methane accumulation on compacted monolithic samples of industrial activated carbon were carried out in a range of pressures up to 8 MPa and temperatures from –29.7 to 90°C. It was shown that refrigeration drastically increases methane storage capacity: target level of 150 m³(NTP)/m³can be reached at 1.8 MPa and –29.7°C.

A list of substances that can be used as low-temperature refrigerants for cryogranulation in cryochemical technology is provided. The substances are analyzed according to a criterion that considers the thermodynamic and transport properties of refrigerants. Data from a performance evaluation of various refrigerants are presented. For example, butane has properties that allow high efficiency to be achieved when it is used as a refrigerant but it is a flammable and explosive material, which limits its use.

A modeling procedure is proposed based on established features of the effect of adding modifiers and process parameters simulating surfacing on the solidification front structure and intensity of primary phase equiaxed crystallite front nucleation and growth kinetics within the volume of melt.

Methods of forming polyhedral (multifaceted) surfaces by means of a planetary plotting device and a technique of determining the error are presented. Through the use of the obtained data, an analysis of error in the geometric form of a produced part as a function of the overall dimensions and number of facets is performed. The results of the study may be used in the development of design and production documentation in the training of the production of parts containing multifaceted surfaces to assure specified characteristics of an article.