Vol 59, No 4 (2016)

A method is proposed for stochastic estimation of the time the parameters of monitored engineering objects will be within a specified range of tolerances based on the theory of mass servicing. An example is given of the application of this method to monitoring the parameters of equipment at nuclear power plants.

Fast algorithms are proposed to search for the best polynomial approximations for the functional dependences and calibration characteristics of measurement systems. The number of iteration cycles in searches for optimal values of the physical standards for calibration of measurement channels is reduced.

A method is examined that allows the moisture content in moving pastelike material to be estimated rapidly, in real time, in the process of drying. The method is implemented using intelligent moisture sensors that operate on the basis of a neural network.

A method of increased measurement accuracy is proposed, along with the corresponding hardware for determining the size of objects and distances to them by analyzing digital photographic imagery. The results of experimental studies are presented.

A Brillouin reflectometry technique with detection of the frequency difference of scattered signals from an inhomogeneity and from a neighboring segment of fiber optics is proposed. Certain types of reflectometers are found to be suitable for receiving digital data processed by the proposed method so these data can be used to construct Brillouin reflectograms.

The basic principles of development of metrological assurance of quality control of products on the basis of two-phase hydrocarbon systems (stable and unstable gas condensates) are considered.

A sensitive, highly stable wide-band eddy current transducer for testing the thickness of protective dielectric coatings on metal articles is developed.

Promising approaches to the development of measurement assurance in the field of measurements of the average power of optical radiation in fiber-optic systems are considered. Approaches for use in the solution of the problem that also make it possible to expand the values of the unit of average power of optical radiation from 5·10^–4 – 10^–3 W to 10^–5–2.5·10² W reproducible by the existing standard GET 170–2011 are proposed.

We present results on a ground-based experiment to measure the gravitational effect of a shift in the timescale of stationary and transportable hydrogen quantum clocks. It is proposed to use a transportable highly stable quantum clock to measure the difference at orthometric heights.

We present a technical solution using the method of image recognition in hydrostatic leveling systems. An algorithm is developed to determine fluid level relative to fixed markers. We present results of an experiment to estimate the error of the feature detection method for a hydrostatic leveling system with two gauges.

A frequency characteristic for a compression filter is synthesized which is optimal in terms of resolving multiple coherent signals with different amplitude-phase relations and delays. A formula is derived for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio at the filter output for a sum of coherent signals. It is shown that with the right choice of compression parameters it is possible to exclude entirely the effect of the amplitudephase relations on resolution of the signals.

A technique of hot periodic sawtooth polarization of lead zirconate-titanate ferroelectric thin films is described. The films are deposited by reactive RF sputtering on a metal foil. Work on the development of oscillator-type piezoelectric dynamic deformation sensors is discussed.

We consider the structure of a photoplethsmograph. The choice is based on its main primary parameters. We determine the instrumental error of measurements of the amplitude–time characteristics of the recorded biosignal of the arterial blood pulsations based on the photoplethsmograph developed.

Preliminary investigation results are given describing the impact of atmospheric pressure and air temperature on the reproducibility of the unit of the number density of air ions yielded by the radionuclide method. Reproducible values in the range between 10³ ions and 10⁵ ions per cm³ positively correlate with the atmospheric pressure-to-temperature ratio. The preliminary correction values to the measurement results are obtained.

The procedure and results of key comparisons of the national voltage standards of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus using a 10 V quantum comparison standard are discussed. The comparisons agree with the reference value obtained from the BIPM voltage standard. The relative difference was 0.9·10^–10 with a combined relative standard uncertainty of 2.6·10^–10.