Vol 17, No 2 (2014)
- Year: 2014
- Articles: 15
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1560-9588/issue/view/2142
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/dv.172
Articles
Amylolytic nodular melanoma of the shin skin
Abstract
According to published data, the incidence of cutaneous melanoma is the highest after 50 years of age; the mortality is almost 80%, because of high metastatic potential of the tumor and low level of diagnosis of amylolytic forms of the disease. Melanoma is a familial disease in 5-12% cases; some data indicate an autosomal dominant inheriting with incomplete penetration or more intricate mechanisms of melanoma inheriting. Mutations in CD-KN2A and CDK genes are responsible for 20-25% high risk cases in families. According to modern concepts, the mechanisms of accumulated genetic mutations modulate significantly the signal route cascades and stimulate the production of adhesion molecules E- and N-cadherins, a- and b-integrin, and b-catenin, which are assumed to be the main molecular processes in the pathogenesis of melanoma. A rare clinical case is presented: afemale patient with positive oncological family history developed amylolytic nodular melanoma on the skin of the shin.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):4-7
4-7
Schnizler syndrome
Abstract
Urticarial skin lesions can be the first manifestation of various systemic disorders. Schnizler syndrome (SS) is a rare systemic disease that includes chronic urticaria, monoclonal IgM-gammapathy, bone pain and other clinical presentations. In this report, we present two patients with diagnosed SS. This is the first recorded observation of the syndrome in Russia. The patients are males of the same age group (47- and 50 years old). The clinical diagnosis of SS was confirmed by histological and laboratory studies. It is of interest, that one patient had a good response to the treatment with pefloxacin and rituximab while the other experienced improvement on elimination diet. In addition, we observed hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E in one of patients with SS, the phenomenon that has not been described in world literature so far.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):8-13
8-13
Clinical aspects of steroid resistance in autoimmune pemphigus
Abstract
Some patients with autoimmune pemphigus (AP) are resistant to systemic glucocorticoid monotherapy, that is, are steroid-resistant. A retrospective analysis of case histories of 118 AP patients was carried out to detect the probable trigger factors promoting the manifestation of steroid resistance during the first year of therapy and showed that steroid-resistant patients could not indicate the cause of AP exacerbation 5 times more often than other patients. It seems that steroid resistance of these patients was caused by genetic factors. Steroid resistance was detected in all patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus. A relationship between stress and exacerbation was detected in only steroid-resistant patients. Frequent exacerbations of AP because of insufficiently hight dose of systemic glucocorticoids (SGC) and rapid reduction of SGC dose were detected in steroid-resistant patients and in patients without steroid resistance. No significant relationships between steroid resistance and clinical manifestations of AP, location of efflorescence, and Nikolsky’s symptom were detected.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):13-16
13-16
Some aspects in the pathogenesis and therapy of atopic dermatitis
Abstract
Modern aspects in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) are analyzed. The role of Malassezia spp. fungi is discussed; sensitization to these fungi is one of the most significant trigger factors in AD pathogenesis. The results of studies and the data are presented, which confirm high efficiency of tacrolimus (calcineurin inhibitor) in AD and its probable clinical antimycotic effect against Malassezia fungi.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):17-20
17-20
Once more about hyperpigmentation
Abstract
The efficiency and safety of Neoton serum and cream in therapy of hyperpigmentation of different origin were evaluated. A total of 20 women of 25-74 years of age with hyperpigmentation of different etiology were treated by neoton preparations (neoton cream in the morning and neoton serum at night). 12 patients presented with chloasma, 5 with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, 2 with freckles, and 1 with photophytodermatitis. Therapy was continued for 3 months. Melanin levels in the foci were measured before, during, and after therapy by the Multi Skin Test Center MC 750 system (Germany). The foci regressed completely after 1 month of neoton therapy in 33% patients, significant improvement was attained during this period in 40%, and improvement in 27% of patients. Clinical recovery was attained after complete course (3 months) in 47%, significant improvement in 53% patients. The reduction of melatonin level served as an objective evidence of the treatment efficiency. Before therapy its levels were 90-125 arb. units (vs. 6-40 arb. units in normal skin), after 1 month of therapy melatonin levels reduced to 30-70 arb. units, and the levels after a complete course of 3 months were 15-55 arb. units. Only one patient developed a side effect (desquamation) which spontaneously regressed within several days. Neoton serum and cream were well tolerated and proved to be effective means for therapy of hyperpigmentations of different etiology.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):20-24
20-24
Topical therapy for scalp: from traditions to innovations
Abstract
About 80% ofpsoriasis patients with involvement of glabrous skin develop also involvement of the hairy part of the head; however, in 25% of cases psoriasis of the hairy part of the head is an isolated condition. In almost 48% ofpatients psoriatic efflorescence involve the greater part of the head (hairy part, face, ears), and 82% ofpatients suffering from the dermatosis permanently suffer from discomfort and look unpleasant, which becomes a cause of deep social isolation and disadaptation. Modern algorithm of therapy for scalp psoriasis in accordance with the recommendations of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (2009), includes short contact preparations in the form of shampoos. Etrivex shampoo is the first and the only short contact drug, developed for the treatment of scalp psoriasis. The main component of the shampoo is clobethasole propionate (0.05%), other components are cleaning and foamy agents, conditioners, etc., due to which the therapeutic efficiency of fourth-generation glucocorticoids is fully utilized in parallel with cosmetic care of the hair. Etrivex shampoo was effectively used in therapy of our 15 patients with psoriasis of the hairy part of the head.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):25-29
25-29
A case report: cutaneous Larva migrans in a female resident of the Primorye territory
Abstract
Modern data on the cutaneus Larva migrans is reviewed. The etiology, course, and clinical manifestation of the parasitic disease and the probable therapies are presented. A clinical case with cutaneus Larva migrans in a female resident of the Primorye territory is presented: disease history, clinical picture, and treatment protocol are described. Albendasole therapy (400 mg daily during 7 days) was effective.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):30-32
30-32
Gougerot-Hailey-Hailey benign familial chronic pemphigus as an immunopathology
Abstract
Hailey-Hailey’s disease is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary vesiculobullous dermatosis, caused by mutations of ATP2C1 gene. However, the absence of familial liability in some cases and correlation between the defective gene mutation type and clinical manifestations suggests the involvement of some other pathogenetic factors. The authors studied the involvement of the immune system in the development of Hailey-Hai-ley’s disease. Poorly affine IgG autoantibodies and soluble immune complexes in the epidermal intercellular binding substance with involvement of the complement system were demonstrated by the immunofluorescent methods. As numerous mechanisms may be involved in the development of Hailey-Hailey’s disease, further studies of the problem should be carried out.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):32-36
32-36
On classification of vitiligo
Abstract
Modern data on classification of vitiligo are presented. The following types are distinguished: nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV) with the focus beyond one segment, with symmetrical bilateral location; segmental vitiligo (SV) with the focus within one segment with unilateral location; mixed vitiligo with a combination of the segmental and nonsegmental types; and an unclassified type. Based on this classification, the authors describe the characteristic intrinsic features of these vitiligo types from pathophysiological and clinical viewpoints, in order to promote the development of different approaches to therapy of this disease.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):37-40
37-40
41-44
Polyunsaturated essential fatty acids and antioxidants in therapy of acne
Abstract
A total of 160 patients with acne of different severity were examined. Their quality of life was evaluated. Lipid peroxidation processes were evaluated by malonic dialdehyde and conjugated dienes, antioxidant system activity was evaluated by catalase and glutathione peroxidase, which were measured by UVspectrophotometry before and after therapy. The patients were treated by nutriceutics (linseed oil) and antioxidants (selenium, tocopherol acetate). No unwanted side effects were recorded.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):44-48
44-48
Therapy of seborrheic dermatitis of the head
Abstract
The authors present the results of treatment of 147 patients (male) with clinically diagnosed seborrheic dermatitis of the hairy part of the head. Oral retinol palmitate solution (200 000 U) and topical 50% naphthalene alcohol proved to be the most effective and safe therapeutic method with the least incidence of relapses.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):48-53
48-53
Cytomegalovirus infection of the urogenital tract in women
Abstract
The number of sexually active women with chronic inflammatory diseases of pelvic organ has increased recently. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is detected in scrapings off the cervix uteri and endometrium of these patients. We studied the forms of CMV infection in sexually active women of reproductive age. A total of356patients were observed. The CMV infection was studied by enzyme immunoassay for detection of specific serum anti-CMV IgM (qualitative analysis) and IgG. Virological isolation of CMV from the blood, saliva, urine, cervical and vaginal discharge was carried out on human embryo lung fibroblast culture. Indirectfluorescent test for detection of CMV antigen was carried out with monoclonal antibodies to pre-early (pp27) and early (pp65) antigens. The CMV DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction. Opportunistic and pathogenic urogenital flora was detected by the common methods: microscopic, bacteriological, and molecular genetic. The basic clinical laboratory characteristics of various forms of urogenital CMV infection were identified; this will promote optimization of the diagnosis and therapeutic strategy in this category ofpatients. Combined therapy including panavir in patients with latent and reactivated CMV infection was highly effective.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):54-60
54-60
Antiproliferative effect of matrix metal-loproteinases 9 and 13 in experimental cutaneous melanoma in vivo
Abstract
Selective inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and combined inhibition of MMP-9 and MMP-13 has modulated tumor growth in experimental cutaneous melanoma in vivo. Combined inhibition of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in cutaneous melanoma has reduced significantly the cell proliferation in comparison with that in the group with selective MMP-9 inhibition. This presumably indicates the regulatory role of metalloproteinases in tumor growth.
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):60-64
60-64
Erythematous squamous foci on the hairy part of the head, of the pinna and face
Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;17(2):65
65