Vol 18, No 2 (2025)
Articles
Education 4.0 in the information society: opportunities, technologies and components, risks and challenges.
Abstract
Modern society, which has high levels of production, consumption, science, and technology, imposes specific requirements on all participants in the educational process, as well as on learning and teaching methods and materials. These requirements are essential for training specialists who will be needed on the highly competitive job market. Distance learning technologies have become especially needed after the COVID-19 pandemic. Along with the post-industrial society opportunities, these technologies led to the emergence of Education 4.0. This concept uses digital technologies and innovative teaching approaches, both online and offline, to enhance the quality education in line with the needs of the digital age. The transformational transition to Education 4.0 necessitates close collaboration among universities, industries, government, and society, alongside actively using artificial intelligence technology, machine learning, big data, virtual and augmented reality, things internet, and robotics. Alongside fore mentioned digital technologies Education 4.0 is grounded in a competency-oriented approach, which emphasizes the use of blended learning, e-learning, gamification, and simulation technologies. This paper analyzes the main tools and technologies engaged in Education 4.0. It also illustrates the relationship between this subject and the Fourth Industrial Revolution and tries to evaluate the opportunities and risks linked to the implementation of the Education 4.0 concept.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):7-20
7-20
Consumer preferences across generations in Russia.
Abstract
The paper discloses the content and basic ideas of the Generational Theory and examines the cultural and historical factors that influenced the socialization of Russians across various age groups. It provides a theoretical analysis of features consumer behavior studies related to goods and services. In addition, it highlights the preferences of distinct generations in Russia. The study reveals that these consumer preferences have qualitative differences. For instance: Baby Boomers prioritise product quality, positivity, and the opinions of trusted individuals; Generation X gives priority familiar brands, personalized discounts and bonuses, as well as eco-friendly and technologically advanced products; Generation Y (Millennials) seeks unique products alignment with new trends, and vibrant presentation. The Digital Generation (Gen Z and younger) values the convenience of online shopping, emotional connections, impactful impressions, and a "game-like" shopping experience. Understanding these generational preferences can assist marketers in expanding their customer base, enhancing consumer loyalty, and mitigating business risks for producers and retailers.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):21-37
21-37
Political values and political activity of youth.
Abstract
The article is devoted to political values and political activity of young people of Industrial University of Tyumen. The author examined the history of the study of political values in detail, starting from the Antiquity and up to the present day. The theories of modernization and values served as the theoretical basis for the analysis of political values. The materials of earlier studies on this topic were used for the study of political values and political activity of Russian youth. To study the political values and political activity of student and working youth, a questionnaire survey was hold, where 269 respondents aged 17 to 35 took part. The results of the survey allowed us to conclude that the political values of young people were formed under the influence of various factors. Currently, young people emphasize justice, patriotism and respect for traditions among the basic values of our state. Young people showed moderate interest in politics, expressed confidence in the main political parties, but did not participate in political activities. The study showed the absence of protest moods among young people. Youth were not ready to be an active participant in the fight against threats, assigning these responsibilities only to the state. Young people's political activity could be positively or negatively influenced by social networks, friends and family members. Political values determine a person's goals, attitudes, beliefs and behavior, so it is necessary to study them in order to develop the main trends for the formation of state and regional youth policy.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):38-51
38-51
The satisfaction of the population in the system for evaluating the performance of local self-government bodies (a case study of cities in the YamaloNenets Autonomous Okrug).
Abstract
Improving the quality of life is a key strategic priority for the sustainable development of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO). The achievement of this goal is closely connected with the performance of local self-government bodies. This article examines the role of resident satisfaction as a central criterion for evaluating the work of municipal authorities in the cities of YNAO. The focus is on aspects such as public transport, road infrastructure, and housing and communal services. The study is based on data from annual population surveys conducted from 2021 to 2024, so that we could to track trends and changes in how residents assess local self-government bodies. The results indicate a generally positive trend in resident satisfaction across most urban areas of the region. However, some challenges persist — particularly in the housing and communal services, where opinions are variable. The authors also explore the relationship between satisfaction with specific local issues and the overall assessment of city mayors and regional councils. The results show that road quality and transport services have the most significant impact on public perceptions of local self-government bodies. This analysis underlines the importance of regular monitoring of resident satisfaction to improve municipal policies and administrative efficiency. The results can inform the development of strategies for urban infrastructure and enhance cooperation between local governments and residents, especially in Arctic regions where unique social, economic, and climate conditions must be considered.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):52-66
52-66
Implementation of Russia's foreign policy strategic goals through the eyes of youth.
Abstract
Today's Russia consistently stands for the national interest. Russia bases its foreign-policy activities on several priorities and strategic goals. These goals are to create favorable conditions for the country’s sustained development, to keep national security and to establish strong positions for Russia on the global stage. Today these areas of focus are implemented within a rapidly changing international environment that impacts all strata of Russian society. Therefore, it is essential not only to analyze the country’s strategic foreign policy goals at the doctrinal level and level of implemented foreign policy actions but also to study the attitudes of Russian citizens toward them, especially among young generation, who represent the future in in the present. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a sociological analysis of youth attitudes regarding the formulation and implementation of Russia’s basic foreign policy strategic goals and priorities in the context of ongoing international transformations. The paper makes analyzing official foreign policy documents of the Russian Federation and presents data from studies conducted between 2023 and 2025 among youth of Penza, Saratov and Tyumen. The analysis revealed that young generation unanimously recognize the primary necessity of ensuring Russia’s security and that of its citizens across various aspects of life. The need to protect the country’s territory youth is especially painful. According to the youth’s self-assessments, external threats, especially from NATO and other unfriendly nations, rank high on the list of national security risks. Although most of the youth believe that Russia should serve as an international guarantor of peace, they do not prioritize this goal above all else, instead favoring existential values. Survey data also reveal connections between certain foreign policy orientation among youth and specific demographic characteristics and individual social resources. The results provide a comprehensive overview of youth perspectives on Russia’s foreign policy goals and priorities, illustrate the level of support for the country’s international course, and inform youth policy and educational processes at higher education institutions.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):67-80
67-80
Human in the Arctic: dynamics of social well-being in a sociological dimension.
Abstract
The importance of the West Siberian oil and gas region for Russia, the extreme conditions of its development, and the need to create decent living conditions for its workers have made sociological research in this territory necessary. This article presents some results of a sociological study on the dynamics of social situation in an important Arctic region of Russia — the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) — covering the period 1990–2020 and 2022–2024. The purpose of surveys conducted in the region was to identify and analyze changes in the social situation and their determining factors by studying the attitudes of Northerners toward different aspects of their lives. The study also aimed to develop proposals for authorities to improve the quality of life for various social groups in the Arctic population. Using the author’s sociological tools (mass survey questionnaires, expert sheets, focus group scripts, secondary data analysis techniques, social diagnostics), we monitored annually the opinions of different Northerners social groups. Special attention is given to the interregional use of labor resources and social infrastructure based on the rotational work method of labor organization. The research results include residents of the Arctic’ assessments of their state of health and health preservation possibilities, as well as quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the contingent of shift personnel and their attitudes toward social living conditions. This information about the social situation dynamics and the parameters characterizing it will help regional authorities to develop and justify strategies for the long-term sustainable development of the Arctic region.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):81-92
81-92
Characteristics of uncertainty and chaos theory in the activities of the transneft company.
Abstract
This paper examines the phenomena of uncertainty and chaos theory in the context of the company Transneft activitiy. This study is relevant because it is necessary to analyze how the company adapts to various external and internal challenges, such as sanctions, accidents, and changes in the market. The objective of this work is to uncover the connections between chaos, social practices, and management strategies through the theoretical frameworks of J. Baudrillard (simulacra and simulation), M. Foucault (biopolitics and biopower), L. Vygotsky (social constructivism), and T. Luckmann (social construction of reality). The paper employs method such as theoretical analysis and thematic study to identify the key mechanisms that enable the company to adapt to uncertainty. The key results contain a review of Transneft's strategies during the sanctions imposed in 2014 and 2022, alongside an analysis of how accidents and market shifts have influenced its operations. The practical importance of this study consists in its potential application for developing risk-management strategies within the oil industry.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):93-102
93-102
The role of youth in the sustainable urban development: diagnosis of problems and prospects.
Abstract
The issues of how internal resources and social activity within urban community influence sustainable city development is highly relevant today. In this context, youth are recognized as resources and active participants in shaping and transforming urban spaces. This engagement is facilitated by involving members of youth organizations in social governance processes. A systematic and coordinated interaction between urban communities and government authorities is used to coordinate development goals, to determine priorities and to address emerging challenges. Besides that, it enables a transition from passive management to a more integrated involvement of all potential participants in social governance, clearly defining their roles in tackling urban development issues. This study aims to identify the reasons for low social activity among youth, evaluate their readiness to address social problems in cooperation with authorities, and assess their actual participation in governance. Furthermore, it seeks to determine mechanisms for socially regulating youth communities’ influence on sustainable urban development. The methodology is based on the synthesis of ideas created in the fields of sociology and urban studies, including studies of youth and their activity, social management, urban space, which have found justification in the domestic and foreign scientific researches devoted to the inclusion of youth communities in the development of the city. The empirical basis of this study is a survey conducted among students (n = 380) to examine their social activity and willingness to engage in solutions for urban development. Additional to this, a structured analysis of official websites of youth organizations reveals the features of youth communities’ organization, functioning, and interactions with city’s governing bodies. The study identifies social governance issues associated with youth involvement in city development, determines the potential for youth participation in urban decision-making processes, and proposes an action plan to engage youth in activities that promote harmonious urban development. The theoretical justification, empirical verification and identifying the mechanisms to stimulate youth activity offer practical value for enhancing the effectiveness of youth organizations. The results obtained can be useful to researchers studying this issue, as well as practitioners involved in designing and implementing municipal youth policies.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):103-122
103-122
Healthy lifestyles and functional nutrition in Russia: current state and development trends.
Abstract
This paper analyzes the current state and development trends of healthy lifestyles among Russian citizens. It examines the concepts of "health," "lifestyle," and "healthy lifestyle." The study demonstrates that health is the main life value for everyone, and leading a healthy lifestyle helps to maintain and strengthen it. In our country, a law on the fundamentals of protecting the health of Russians has been adopted, marking the promotion of healthy living as a national priority. According to the passport of the national priority project of the same name, the number of individuals systematically engaging in physical activity, abstaining from alcohol, tobacco, drugs use, and adopting healthy eating habits is expected to increase by 2025. One of the proper nutrition aspects is functional food. Its variation is the elimination of gluten-containing products, such as bread, pastries, and pasta made from wheat flour, which are common in the daily diets of many Russians. This specific area of functional nutrition includes the elimination of gluten-containing products, such as bread and flour products, pastries, and pasta made from wheat flour, which are common in the daily diets of many Russians. In this regard, the authors, based on an online survey of Russians, characterized the consumer preferences of consumers of functional foods. It allowed the authors to develop their own recipe and technology for the production of gluten-free products. Mathematical modelling made it possible to determine the optimal recipe for gluten-free bread, enriched with a complex food additive. These products have organoleptic characteristics corresponding to breads. The authors conclude that adopting a gluten-free diet as part of functional nutrition may contribute to better public health and improve both the quality and longevity of life for Russian citizens.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2025;18(2):123-135
123-135