Vol 84, No 1 (2025)

Introduction. The need to improve ways of placing and securing goods on rolling stock is determined by the constant expansion of the range of goods transported, an increase in the maximum speeds of freight trains, as well as the development and implementation of new railway cars designs in the transportation process. New designs of devices for arched loads, including long goods, are proposed. At the same time, the methods of analysing freight handling and cargo fastening schemes adopted in the practice of transportation do not allow to conclude about the reliability of such non-standard devices and their retaining properties.

Materials and methods. A study of the stress-strain state of a fastening device for an arched long good on a rolling stock is performed. The loads acting on the device in the longitudinal and transverse directions are determined analytically.

Results. The values of normal, equivalent (according to Mises) stresses and deformations of the developed structure under adverse conditions of its loading are obtained.

Discussion and conclusion. The results of the calculations obtained on the basis of finite element analysis made it possible to develop recommendations for the application of the proposed design to arched long goods to eliminate tipping and translational movements in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

Introduction. In addition to ensuring reliability and safety, special attention should be paid to meeting the speed requirements of railway rolling stock in main lines in designing switch devices. Constructive solutions of switch facilities are determined by indicators of the dynamics of rolling stock when railway crews move along the track. According to the author, the design methods of switch curves do not meet modern speed requirements of rolling stock. The purpose of this article is to develop new approaches to the design of switch curves.

Materials and methods. The author applied analysis method of dynamic and kinematic parameters of applied switch curves used in turnout switches constructions. Tensometric methods of the investigated parameters of turnout switches are obtained.

Results. The analysis of turnout switch design methods is performed. Operational tests of the turnout switch with improved dynamic and kinematic characteristics were performed. The obtained results indicate the expediency of improving the design methodology of switch curves, the effectiveness of using geometric schemes of switch switches with tangential geometry.

Discussion and conclusion. Comparative operational tests of turnout switches with the tangential and secant shapes of the switch curve proposed in the article show that the service life of the curved contact tongues increased. It is relevant to conduct similar tests with other types of turnout switches. Considering the results of tests and calculations, the next stage is planned to address the issue of adjusting the design methods of turnout switches products, especially for high-speed traffic.

Introduction. The article provides performance evaluation of the elastic clip of intermediate rail fastening during their strength characteristics assessment. In modern conditions this issue is solved by modelling using the finite element method. In order to obtain reliable calculation results, the authors carry out verification of the finite element model. The purpose of the article is to model Skl 14 elastic clip of W30 intermediate rail fastening, as well as to verify the obtained results of the clip under static loading on the test bench by strain-gauging method.

Materials and methods. For stress-strain modelling the researchers developed a finite element model of the elastic clip, which includes 450,000 elements of the tetrahedron type of size 1 mm and 90,000 nodes. In order to verify the developed model and the calculation results, laboratory tests of full-scale terminal were carried out while determining tangentional and bending stresses by strain-gauging method of a full-scale clip were performed while determining torsional and bending stresses by the strain-gauging method. Sensors with base of l = 5 mm for recording tangential stresses due to torsion were glued at 45º on diametrically opposite sections of the bar on the outer and inner radii in the zones of technological bends of the elastic clip. Sensors were glued on the upper part of the outer transverse sections of the elastic clip to register bending stresses.

Results. Virtual and experimental calibration of the elastic clip was performed. Calculation tests were conducted to determine tangential, bending and equivalent stresses. They showed that the highest level of equivalent stresses is observed in the zones of technological bends. A comparative analysis of calculated and experimental values of stresses at measuring points was performed.

Discussion and conclusion. The average value of discrepancies for 13 test points was 10.1%, which allows to conclude that the developed finite element model of Skl 14 elastic clip with a sufficient accuracy for practical application could be used to determine its stress-strain state, and the stress levels may become standards for the development of new clip designs. It is advisable to continue studies of the stress-strain state of elastic clips under operating conditions with the determination of speed influence, axial load, undercarriage design, condition of wheel pairs and tread of rails, as well as to use the applied analysis methodology.