Vestnik PGTU. Seriâ Èkonomika i upravlenie

Introduction. Food security of the country is guaranteed by the effective functioning of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex (AIC). State support plays an important role in ensuring the stable operation of agro-industrial enterprises. Direct assessment of the degree of this influence on the development of AIC is an urgent task. Therefore, the article proposes and implements an approach to mathematically justified assessment of the impact of the level of state support on AIC development in the region. The purpose of the research is to develop mathematical models of the dependence of the AIC development indicators on the volume of state support using the example of statistical data of one of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation – namely, the Udmurt Republic. Methodology. The methods of correlation analysis, mathematical modeling and time series forecasting were used in the research. The work assesses the correlation between the volume of state support and the AIC key indicators, and also proposes regression models for analyzing and forecasting the indicators of AIC development depending on the level of state support. To account for state financial investments in AIC in prior periods, their accumulated value is used. Results. The results of the correlation analysis and mathematical modeling show that the accumulated amount of state support has a significant impact on the key indicators of AIC development including those of gross milk production, volume of agricultural output, livestock production and the level of wages of workers in this industry. The proposed mathematical models are quite accurate and allow forecasting the dynamics of AIC indicators taking into account various levels of state support, as well as building different scenarios of AIC development in the region. Three scenarios for the development of the dynamics of the key indicators of AIC development in the Udmurt Republic until 2030 have been built. Conclusion. A sharp decrease in state support to AIC and maintaining it at the 2022 level of 1.2 billion rubles or its reduction to 305 million rubles will negatively affect the forecasted dynamics of all indicators of AIC development in the Udmurt Republic. Only an increase in the volume of state support to the level of 3.4 billion rubles per year will lead to sustainable growth of all AIC indicators.

Introduction. The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation carries out annual monitoring of the financial situation and the quality of financial management in the federal subjects of Russia. The regions make efforts to improve the efficiency of budget expenditures by using new tools. However, this often leads to the complication of budget processes, which ultimately reduces the level of information openness and transparency of expenditures. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the types, methodological approaches and models of the efficiency of budget expenditures at the regional level and to identify their key effects and limitations of their application based on a comparative analysis of existing practices. Research methodology. The research utilized abstract and logical methods, statistical and analytical ones along with systematization, analogy and generalization. When considering the practical aspects of assessing the effectiveness of regional budget expenditures, the main focus was on the use of statistical and analytical tools. Results. The study systematized the approaches to determining the effectiveness of budget expenditures in the region, including the analysis of the implementation of state programs and national projects. Based on studying the dynamics of financial indicators, the authors identified the key factors influencing the effectiveness of the use of budget funds, as well as the institutional and economic constraints that have to be taken into account when improving the budget management mechanisms. The study of the regional experience of implementation of the action plan for improving the public finances of the Republic of Mordovia demonstrates the possibilities of using the program-targeted financing by the regional authorities for more effective management of budget expenditures. Conclusion. The socio-economic efficiency of regional budget expenditures shows the relationship between the magnitude of the socially significant result achieved and the magnitude of costs of implementing the state program. Efficiency demonstrates how the achieved results and the planned ones correlate in the process of budget planning and financing.

Introduction. In the face of geopolitical challenges, the strategic objectives are to ensure technological sovereignty and create import-substituting machines. A significant
contribution to the solution of these tasks is made by innovation development institutions, including the Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises in Science and Technology (FASIE) in the Republic of Mari El. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate the positive effects of state support provided to innovation-oriented youth works and small innovative businesses of the Republic of Mari El in their production and economic achievements. Results. The FASIE grant programs, such as "UMNIK", "Student Startup", "Start", "Development" and "Commercialization" are actively implemented in the Republic of Mari El. An analysis of the implementation of the programs at the regional level over the period 2007–2024 was carried out. In the Republic of Mari El, "UMNIK" (the Russian abbreviation for "Member of the Youth Research and Innovation Competition") is the most popular program in terms of participants’ activity. The financial support to the program made it possible to achieve significant results in research activities in the form of publications, creation of intellectual property objects, defended theses and dissertations, and, most importantly, it allowed the contestants to create their own commercializable projects. Using the cases of two small innovative enterprises of the Republic of Mari El, the authors show the effectiveness of the state program in improving the companies’ business operations in terms of sales revenue, business profits and job creation. Conclusion. To encourage business representatives to be more active in submitting applications for FASIE competitions, it is necessary to pay more attention to the science and technology component of the project, its individuality and patent protection. It is important to use all mechanisms of science-based business support, which have a broad focus.

Introduction. The demand for products from the global market and the need to respond to national security threats have led to the rapid growth and technological development of machine-building enterprises, primarily on the basis of digitalization and robotization of production, the use of integrated management of network production, supply chains and distributed assets of companies. The scientific and technical level achieved to date in the evolution of production management/production organization systems within the ‘Factories of the Future’ concept allows setting and successful solving the tasks of creating smart manufacturing. The purpose of the study is to develop a conceptual model of smart production for machine-building enterprises. The research objectives are to clarify the organizational and economic content and interpretation of the smart production concept as applied to machine-building enterprises, to propose a classification of properties and a system of principles for the establishment and functioning of smart production at machine-building enterprises, as well as to develop an approach to substantiating the choice of characteristics of the organization of the structure and the process of functioning of smart production at machine-building enterprises. Data and methods. The study was carried out using general research methods (analysis, synthesis, observation, comparison, modeling, generalization, formalization). The object of the study was machine-building enterprises implementing smart manufacturing. The subject of the study was managerial relations arising in the process of development of machine-building enterprises based on the introduction of smart production. Results. The authors clarified the organizational and economic content and interpretation of the concept of smart production in terms of the target orientation, functional content, implementation conditions and efficiency measurement. A classification of properties and a system of principles for building smart production were proposed; an approach was developed to substantiating the selection of characteristics of the organization of smart production based on standard solutions integrated into digital twin model. Taken together, this represents a conceptual model of smart production for machine-building enterprises. Conclusion. The authors have proposed a conceptual model of smart production for machine-building enterprises, which allows these enterprises to develop digital twins of production on its basis for use in operational, tactical and strategic management
in order to improve current efficiency and ensure sustainable development in the future.