No 3 (2023)

THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS

Linguistic ways of expressing emotions (to the issue of the generalized language emotivity model")

Koshkarova N.N., Istomina E.M.

Abstract

An anthropological approach in the language study caused the appearance and vigorous development of a new branch in linguistics called emotiology, that studies the relationships between emotions and the language. In the paper, language units of different levels for expressing emotions are observed as they are crucial for classification of different approaches to the analysis of the stated object. Practical significance of the present study is connected with the possibility to use the presented scheme of analysis on the material of different languages and types of discourse. Aim and objectives are to perform a theoretical review of scientific theories concerning the ways of representing emotions on different language levels. Moreover, an attempt of discovering hierarchy between emotive units of different levels similar to the one of language units is made. The hierarchy supposes that each succeeding level is based on a preceding one. The thematic justification is caused by the necessity to create the model of integral functioning of the emotive units. Material and methods include analysis and synthesis of the material on the linguistic representation of emotions on the base of the Russian language, generalization of the factual scientific theories. Emotive units are found at each level of the language system. At the phonetic level, emotive phonetic meaning is discovered. The connection between emotive units of different levels is observed. It allows to use neighboring levels for studying emotive units of a single level. In texts, emotionality is expressed in an integrated manner. That allows to perceive and create emotional texts prudently and efficiently, which is especially important in texts of political content, propaganda and advertising, etc. Due to the numerousness and complexity of emotions, their linguistic representations are also complex. The observed hierarchy of emotive units suggests total realization of the language emotive potential on the text level. Creation of generalized «theoretical framework» aimed at the concept of ways and means of expressing emotions on different language levels is crucial for further application of the corpus to empirical material analysis.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):7-14
pages 7-14 views

Relevant domestic concepts’ methodology

Matyushina N.V.

Abstract

The paper follows the ongoing discussion on conceptualization methodology that was initiated by I. Levontina on the pages of Topics in the Study of Language in 2008. The author reviewed the first volume of Anthology of Concepts, I. Sternin and V. Karasik continued the debate in the second part of the conceptuary. The paper presents scientometric analysis of up-to-date linguistic works dedicated to various conceptualization aspects. Investigations in the context of leading linguistic schools, as well as psycholinguistic researches and studies within Moscow semantic school were analyzed. All theses on concepts in between 2012.01-2022.04 were taken from the official cite of HAC. Moreover, monographs and contributions from the database of RSCI were studied. The main body of this part consisted of the works published within the last ten years. Still some earlier researches were also engaged to show the whole picture. Special attention was paid to the methodology and material of the selected works. The obtained results show that 2/5 authors support I. Levontina’s proposal on how to investigate concepts. That suggested approach was elaborated within Moscow Semantic School, namely by Yu. D. Apresyan. Only 10% of researches are based on lexicographic sources, the rest rely on corpora, native speakers’ survey, field studies, etc. A quarter of theses’ authors applied various experimental techniques. To visualize the results of the survey different diagrams and charts are used. The paper is wrapped up with the subtotals of the ongoing discussion, some development prospects of domestic linguistic are suggested.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):15-23
pages 15-23 views

Associative and verbal field HUMANE PERSON as a means of existence of the concept in the linguistic consciousness of Siberian students

Biryulina E.A.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study and modeling of the associative and verbal field HUMANE PERSON in the linguistic consciousness of Siberian students. The study of associative and verbal fields of such world-modeling and axiological concepts is one of the urgent tasks of modern linguistic research, since their analysis allows to identify the most important worldview and moral attitudes of the carriers of Russian linguistic culture. The aim of research is modeling and analysis of the associative and verbal field HUMANE PERSON in the linguistic consciousness of Siberian students. In the course of the study, received reactions are considered from the formal, morphological and semantic points of view. The study is based on the material of a free associative experiment, in which students of 1-4 courses of four institutes of the Siberian Federal University took part. The survey involved 222 people aged 18 to 22: 142 female students and 80 male students. The response time was limited to 1 minute. As a result of the associative experiments, 433 reactions were obtained. From the point of view of formal-morphological characteristics, the structure of the associative and verbal field consists of single-word reactions (72.3%), as well as phrases and sentences (26.5%). The most frequent types of one-word reactions are adjectives (41.6%), the most frequent types of multi-word reactions are adjectival phrases (11.1%). In the process of modeling the associative and verbal field HUMANE PERSON, it was shown that its structure includes nuclear, perinuclear and peripheral zones (the latter is divided into near and far periphery). The nuclear zone is represented by the following reactions: kind (77), sympathetic (25), humane (23), respectful (22), kindness (20). The application of the semantic gestalt technique made it possible to identify four semantic zones in the structure of the associative and verbal field HUMANE PERSON: 1) the spiritual world; 2) properties and structure of the personality; 3) social ties and related activities; 4) name. The study made it possible to reveal the structure and content of the associative and verbal field HUMANE PERSON in the linguistic consciousness of Siberian students. The differentiating features of a humane person, in addition to certain moral qualities (kindness, responsiveness, humanity, mercy, compassion, tolerance, justice), also include his socially approved activities and actions (help, care, support, charity).
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):24-31
pages 24-31 views

Educational text as a type of text and an object of scientific description: a review of approaches to the determination of functional and typological properties

Serebrennikova E.A., Kuryanovich A.V.

Abstract

In the organisation educational interaction today there are dynamic processes associated with its transformation into a multicultural and multilingual interactive environment, the implementation of the tasks of competence-based learning, updating the bank of technological tools and methods of educational and methodological support. The foregoing determines the steady interest of scientists in the study of educational texts as an independent variety of texts. The main provisions of the history of the study of educational texts as a type of text and scientific object in modern humanities are systematized and summarized. The material of the study was special scientific sources of methodological and linguistic orientation, which form the basis of the modern theory of educational text. The research methodology is the complex use of logical (analysis, synthesis, analogy) and theoretical (generalization, systematization, description) general scientific methods. Based on the specifics shown in relation to the interpretation of the educational text from the standpoint of didactic and linguistic approaches, this type of text is defined as an independent unit – a speech work with multifunctionality and a set of textual features that are updated differently in different situations of educational interaction between the teacher and the student. Among the implemented functions, the key functions are communicative and didactic, and the latter has the status of the dominant one. Text features are characterized by a set of ways, forms and means of presentation at the genre, stylistic and discursive text levels. The reason for the polyphony that exists today in the scientific community regarding the definition of the essential content, structural, pragmatic features of an educational text is the impossibility of an unambiguous interpretation of its genre and stylistic nature, discursive implementation space, as well as the existence of multiple interpretations of the cultural and conceptual resources of texts of the analyzed type. At the present stage of development of the humanities, the educational text is an interesting object of scientific research, comprehended as an independent type of text, which has both general text properties and specific ones. The prospects of the research are related to the further expansion of the understanding of the educational text in accordance with the most relevant areas of research in science, in particular, within the framework of the problems of linguoculturology, discourse studies, linguoconceptology and conceptual didactics.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):32-39
pages 32-39 views

COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS

Linguistic representation of heterostereotypes in Japanese pedagogical discourse (based on the Japanese language textbooks for foreigners)

Kozachina A.V., Bazayeva Y.A.

Abstract

In the 20th century, the phenomenon of stereotype started to attract wide scientific attention in the field of humanities, due to the occurred awareness of the influence of socio-cultural context on an individual. Nowadays we can see a growing interest in the research of stereotyping in pedagogical discourse, because while being seemingly unbiased, pedagogical discourse is subject to ideological influence and involves perception of information that inevitably transmits ethnic and cultural stereotypes and prejudices. That fact forms the necessity of detecting and researching the ideological content in written foreign language learning materials. The aim is to describe various ways in which heterostereotypes are verbalized in Japanese language textbooks for foreigners. The research is based on Japanese language textbooks for foreigners of elementary and intermediate level of proficiency. The major methods used are qualitative-quantitative, contextual and discourse analysis as well as some elements of linguocultural analysis. In the content of the analyzed textbooks we see the elements of stereotypical image of a foreigner represented by various linguistic means. On the vocabulary level, there are multiple positive characteristics of appearance, personality traits and Japanese language skills of the foreign characters residing in Japan. At the same time, grammatical structures, the existence of presupposition in some sentences, and the thematic selection of narratives often emphasize the insufficient level of integration of the foreign characters into Japanese society through the presumption of their temporary status in Japan. In addition, foreigners, especially Western culture bearers, are often shown making communicative mistakes, violating Japanese etiquette rules and causing trouble for Japanese characters. The analysis demonstrates main stereotypical features of the image of a foreigner in Japanese textbooks and the ways of their linguistic representation. Established patterns reveal the contradiction between the intentional transmission of the message of Japan’s openness towards foreigners and the perception of a foreigner as a member of the “out-group” that is deeply rooted in Japanese culture.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):40-47
pages 40-47 views

Features of the translation of military–administrative and military-historical realionyms in «Taras Bulba» by N. V. Gogol into English, French and Tatar languages

Safina L.M., Kobenko Y.V.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the translation of socio-political vocabulary in the context of the analysis of the strategies used by translators J. Cournos, L. Viardot, A. Faizi in the translation of «Taras Bulba» by N. V. Gogol, the special significance of which currently prompts the search for criteria for assessing the degree of compliance with the subject content of the original and translations in English, French and Tatar, respectively. The military-administrative and military-historical realionyms of the subject-thematic area «socio-political relations», the group «military-administrative structure of society» are recognized as the exponent of the implementation of these strategies. These realionyms and their trilingual equivalents are compared in terms of the use of domestication and foreignization strategies. The aim of the article is to identify convergent and divergent strategies in translations of military-administrative and military-historical realionyms of the original text in order to assess the quality of translations. The corpus of 28 military-administrative realionyms of «Taras Bulba» (1842) by N. V. Gogol selected from the point of view of belonging to the subject area «Social and political relations», taking into account symptomatic statistics, that is, the frequency of occurrence in the original text. The object of the article is formed by 84 equivalents of the indicated realionyms recorded in the texts of translations, which were made in English by J. Cournos (1952), French by L. Viardot (1853) and Tatar by A. Fayzi (1953). The subject of the article is the strategies of convergence and divergence of the subject content of N.V. Gogol «Taras Bulba». The work used general and particular scientific methods. The methods of logic (analysis, induction, comparison, grouping) and statistics (sampling method, analysis of correspondences) belong to general scientific ones, and the comparative method belongs to private scientific ones. Foreignization increases from the English translation of J. Cournos from 43% of socio-political vocabulary to 93% in the Tatar translation of A. Faizi. L. Viardot foreignized 53% of realionyms in the French text of the translation. 12 out of 84 translation solutions are divergent to the original text, six of them are contained in the English translation. 54 out of 84 units were borrowed by translators using the methods of transliteration and transcription, as well as unreasonable capitalization of realionyms. It can be stated that the quality of the translation was affected by the following translation errors: the omission of the realionym, its replacement, inappropriate modernization (use of anachronism), incorrect capitalization, the presence of «false friends of the translator»; factual errors. The analysis of translation strategies for realionyms from the point of view of the implementation of convergence and divergence strategies can be one of the criteria for the quality of a translator’s work. The choice of a convergent strategy is a basic condition for the implementation of a better translation and, thereby, the reproduction of the original author’s intention by means of the target language, while the choice of the opposite, divergent, strategy is highly likely to distort the realities of the source text, misleading the recipient about the subject content of the original. The expression of the strategies of convergence and divergence at the elementary (microstylistic) level in the translation of realionymic vocabulary is domestication and foreignization.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):48-57
pages 48-57 views

Toponyms of Arbaty area (Republic of Khakassya)

Lezhnin R.A.

Abstract

The toponymic material of the Arbaty micro-area of the Republic of Khakassia gives an idea of the history, geography, ethnography of the southern part of the region, the culture and religion of the Khakasses, the peculiarities of the way of life and economic activity of the people in the taiga area, reflects the linguistic and dialectal features of the Khakass language, and also shows the processes of formalization of the world man. The factual material of the study was the geographical names collected in the field, supplemented by information from dictionary, scientific and local history works. Toponyms here reflect the Beltir dialect of the Sagai dialect. The search for the etymology of the large hydronyms Arbaty and Madyras led the study to the Tungus trace, which was not noted in any work by previous linguists and historians specifically for this territory. The hypothesis awaits further confirmation (or refutation). The chronological picture of the settlement of the area is continued by the Ket names, then numerous Turkic and single Russian ones. The territory of the Arbaty is a taiga place, squeezed by high ridges and mountain rivers. The relief is characterized by numerous logs, depressions and their streams and springs, low hills, mounds. The population lives by hunting, cattle breeding, harvesting and gathering. In Soviet times, there were cultural crops, state farms, logging facilities, and sawmills. River mills worked. The main population is Khakasses and Russians. The Khakass have ancestral and sacred mountains on which shamans perform rituals; believe in the existence of natural spirits. Nature is rich in berries, nuts, wild onions, birds and animals. All these features of the area are reflected in the names of geographical objects: depressions, rivers, mountains, streams and springs, villages and settlements, taiga and steppe towns and lands. Many toponyms consist of two to five words, reflecting qualitative, relative, typical and possessive relationships and connections. Toponyms are characterized by signs of ambiguity, asymmetry, and variability. In the semantic sense - appellative signs of landscape, production, management, hydronyms, names, events, plants and animals.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):58-66
pages 58-66 views

ROMAN AND GERMANIC LANGUAGES

Polycode expressive means in English advertising discourse

Zapolskaya A.A., Ryabova M.Y.

Abstract

The article describes the English advertising discourse for women, the texts of which were present in the 30-s and 40-s of the twentieth century. The purpose of the study is to analyze the arsenal of expressive linguistic means, both verbal and paralinguistic, to influence the female readership in order to enhance the pragmatic effect of the texts about the advertised product. The material of the study are texts of British and American magazines for women, presented on the websites of archival publications (vintageadbrowser.com, etc.), using the methods of linguistic description, classification, linguistic-stylistic and contextual analysis and translation. The analysis of expressive means in the English discourse of advertising texts for women made it possible to assume that advertising texts of this chronological period are polycode messages containing various means of verbal and non-verbal, paragraphemic expressions, such as various rhetorical devices (epithets, euphemisms, puns), visual images – drawings, photography, font variation, punctuation variation, implications, etc. Obviously, for the female readership, the greatest persuasiveness of the advertising text lies in the visual effect, therefore, visualization plays a central role in the set of expressive means of advertising discourse, i.e. drawings and photographs that, through a set of appropriate implications, cause a predictable psychological effect - the conviction of the need to purchase a product. The meaning of the actual verbal component of the text is not the leading one, since the gender characteristics of this readership are due to the motive – to imitate higher standards and more successful and beautiful people, whose images are present in advertising. The polycode nature of the advertising text is a necessary condition for achieving the pragmatic function of advertising aimed at persuading the target audience, and it consists in the mandatory combination of means of various language codes: verbal (graphemic proper) and paragraphemic (punctuation, graphics, drawings) means of discourse.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):67-75
pages 67-75 views

Combinatorial semantic analysis of military collocations in military political discourse

Ulyanova U.A.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the functional features of military collocations in English multi-genre texts of military political discourse. The author substantiates the idea that the functions of military collocations are determined by the functions of military political discourse and the intension of the text. The research novelty of the paper is in defining the functions performed by military collocations in military political discourse. The aim is to define the semantics and functions of military collocations in english military political discourse. The main methods of the research are functional-semantic analysis, contextual interpretation and continuous sampling method. The material of the research was the military collocations extracted from the texts of the press conference, the opening speech and the short statement of the NATO Secretary General J. Stoltenberg published on the NATO website; collocation dictionaries and English descriptive dictionaries. The military collocations in the statements of NATO Secretary General perform manipulative and informative function. Military collocations are considered to be one of the means of representing the opposition «ours» – «others» in the military political discourse. Military collocations perform manipulative function within a particular micro- and macrocontext of the situation, and on the condition that one or both components of the collocation have a negative evaluation semantics. The manipulative effect of military collocations is in distortion of information and false informing of the addressee. Such an effect is aimed at creating circles of «theirs». Military collocations performing informative function are used to denote types of military equipment and weapons, the amount of financing in the development of defense industry of NATO member countries, the scale of military power possessed by European countries that are regarded by NATO as «ours». The informative function of collocations is based on the nominative value of the units forming the collocation. The analysis of the functions of military collocations by the syntagmatic way has been carried out for the first time. The results of the research can be of practical value in compiling dictionaries of military collocations, as well as systematization of collocations according to functional and thematic features.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):76-85
pages 76-85 views

RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

Peculiarities of a media project as a linguo-communication phenomenon and its use in educational activities

Bolotnov A.V.

Abstract

The role of media education and the need of forming media culture of users are incresing in the presence of intensive development of informational and communication technologies and growing of the Internet influence in the life of a modern person. One of the brightest demonstrations of the media culture of a language personality is the ability to create and adequately perceive media projects as a reflection of a person’s creative facilities in various fields: cultural, communicative, textual, technological. Insufficient knowledge of this issue determines the need for its development. The aim of the article – working out of the problem of organizing media project activities, elaboration of information about the features of a media project as a linguo-communicative phenomenon with relation to its form, content, function, determination of the methods for its creation and analysis. The article uses an expert description of the available sources on the history and theory of the issue, examination, analysis and generalization. In organizing media project activities, it is necessary to rely on a set of methods, including sociological methods, methods of analytical and critical thinking, discursive analysis, methods of effective teamwork; it is necessary to have the skills of text formation and stylistic editing of media texts, the skills of using computer technology. The media project as a form of communication between the creator and the addressee is defined in the article in terms of form, content and functions as a text product based on a combination of various audiovisual technologies, the author’s skills to create new relevant and original content, uniting people as a result of joint communicative activity for the sake of a common cause. Communicative activity involves the creation of media texts and their perception, interpretation and understanding. Media project as a linguo-communicative phenomenon solves problems connected with critical thinking, analysis and synthesis of multifold information and presentation of author’s ideas to the addressee. In the transmission of information, various means are important, including linguistic and non-linguistic ones (indices, symbols, icons). Their competent use determines the effectiveness of media project activities and characterizes its linguo-didactic potential in the field of education. The article describes the types of media projects identified by the author: by structure, genre features and related activities, as well as by the number of participants in educational activities. It is significant that the preparation of a media project includes the definition of its topic, goals and tasks, the factor of the addressee. To do this, according to a set of methods and existing competencies, it is necessary to identify a void; take into account the factor of integration into the general media context; write a script; prepare a presentation, video; determine the site for placement; to carry out cooperation within the framework of team and expert activities; to adapt and adjust the product; consider the distribution of the media project. The parameters of a comprehensive analysis of a media project as a linguo-communicative phenomenon include evaluation criteria 1) publisher; founder; owner; editor 2) goals and tasks of the project; 3) accounting for the reader / viewer audience (target / targeted, general, random); 4) staff of authors, team, directing; 5) internal structure (themes, problems, script, plot, composition, details); 6) genre and stylistic features (genre, type of speech culture of the author, style, vocabulary, syntactic constructions); 7) design (image, verbal/non-verbal, advertising, infographics, effects); 8) frequency of release (day/week/month/year); 9) volume, timing, plan; circulation, number of subscribers, likes/dislikes, comments, views (day/week/month/year); 10) assessment of placement on a particular resource / site / hosting (surveys and data). Media project activity is formed on the knowledge, skills and abilities of the person in the field of theory and practice of media communication, rhetoric, stylistics, media linguistics, as well as in the field of information and computer technologies. The preparation of media projects is complex and contributes to the development of creative thinking, general culture and media culture of the person.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):86-94
pages 86-94 views

Diagnostics of text creativity in teaching the Russian language

Bazhenova E.A., Karpova T.B.

Abstract

The approaches to the interpretation of the concept of creativity in linguistics and related sciences are considered and the task of defining the criteria for evaluating a creative text is set. Creativity is understood as a meta-subject competence, which along with critical thinking, cooperation and communication abilities is part of the system of “soft skills”. Aim and objectives – to develop the evaluation scale for creativity of texts created by students in Russian language on the basis of functional stylistics, creative stylistics and linguistic personality theory. The question of creative writing evaluation criteria has been studied in an interdisciplinary context, i.e., in the light of related sciences (speech science, psychology, pedagogy, linguistic didactics, and Russian language teaching methods). The empirical material is represented by texts created by secondary school students as part of creative assignments in Russian language. In accordance with the postulates of functional stylistics the text is interpreted in the unity of the content and surface-speech sides. The notion of creative competence is defined based on the three-level structure of linguistic personality including verbal-semantic, pragmatic- stylistic and cognitive levels. In the development of the multyicriteria approach to the measurement of text creativity special attention is paid to the development of the creative speech behavior of a learner and motivation of his creative activity. Universal criteria for diagnosing text creativity have been established. As evaluation parameters it is proposed to take into account: 1) functional literacy of the author of the text; 2) presence of a general creative idea supported by facts and the author’s own position; 3) compositional and semantic correctness of the text (coherence and integrity); 4) nontrivial expressiveness of speech; 5) speech literacy. Formation of creative competences in the process of Russian language learning should be systematic and be conducted in unity with the formation of linguistic, linguistic, communicative and cultural competences. The main principles of assessing students’ creative works include multi-criteria approach to measuring the quality of creativity; prohibition of criticism that can provoke creative blockage; different forms of text assessment.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):95-102
pages 95-102 views

Communicative and activity approach to non-homogeneous institutional texts

Butakova L.O.

Abstract

Non-homogeneous (polycode, polymodal, multimodal) texts have long become part of modern communication (both media and official business). The requirement for mandatory communication of official authorities, public and party organizations with the population in a virtual environment has given rise to official portals of regional governments, ministries at various levels, and city administrations. These virtual objects are institutional because they have a discursive orientation, specific means of information transfer and communication design. The communicative-activity approach is applicable to the texts contained on the official portals of the city administration (in this article we are talking about the virtual portal of the Administration of Omsk Omsk. rf, located at: https://www.admomsk.ru/web/guest/main). The purpose of the article is to evaluate the ways of transmitting information, organizing communication with different age and social groups of the addressee in terms of the manifestation in them of visual, verbal, multimodal regulators that implement communicative and cognitive models of the virtual institutional environment. Material for this study: texts posted on the virtual portal of the administration of the city of Omsk (Omsk. rf.). The research methodology includes two stages: 1. Evaluation of visual, verbal, multimodal regulators, their communicative orientation in terms of expressing communicative and cognitive models of the virtual institutional discursive environment; 2. Identification of texts aimed at certain social and age groups of addressees, establishing their informational, semantic, communicative, cognitive composition as an environment for forming the image of the addressee and addressee. The main results of the analysis of the form and content of the portal showed the following. The portal structure includes a typical navigation frame with a fairly simple system of linear vertical and horizontal links. The content level is represented by interconnected verbal and visual components. Their different ratio in different parts of the content, the quality and quantity of inhomogeneous units is due to the goals of the section (transmission of information / impact on the emotive, aesthetic sphere of the addressee), the relevance of the information contained for the addresser and addressee. The communicative and cognitive levels form verbal and visual communicative and cognitive models that convey a predominantly regional formation, affecting the emotional sphere of an addressee that is indefinite in social, gender, age terms - a city resident, establishing an interactive connection with the latter. The communicative-activity approach to a non-homogeneous text of an institutional type - the official portal of the Administration of the city of Omsk, showed a variety of means of communication (visual and verbal), one-sidedness of communication, typical for virtual objects of this level. The method of designating a collective addresser is indicated in the name of the portal through an indication of ownership (portal of the Administration of Omsk), corresponds to the legal norms of institutional discourse. The category of the addresser is specified at the factual level in the part of the portal “Administration” with the help of the Mayor’s personal page, description of the Mayor’s office, legal grounds for activity, etc. The addresser’s communication is focused on a regionally limited collective addressee - residents of Omsk (Omsk). Less often, the addressee is limited by territory, age, social group. The category of the addressee in the texts of the portal is expressed by indirect means - the names of age social, gender and other groups and their representatives in the headings of the content and within the texts that fill it. Special appeals to an indefinite addressee are single, associated with current events in the city, weather, etc. The structure of the horizontal-vertical links of the portal’s navigation frame, the “duplication” of the content components in the header and footer parts direct the addressee’s attention to the hyperlinks he needs, ensuring comfort and utility of perception. But the titles of these hyperlinks do not reveal the impactful (emotive, expressive, aesthetic) strategies that are found in a number of pieces of content. They are implemented using a variety of static and dynamic infographics, they are found only after opening a hyperlink. The leading means of polycode, polymodal, multimodal implementation of the informing strategy are the thematic, logical, plot-compositional levels of the content of the portal as a whole, texts in its parts. The nominations of hyperlinks and the leads of the texts contained in them, together with the photographs accompanying the links, perform the functions of attracting the reader’s attention and informing. The portal contains a multifaceted system of regulators due to the multimodal nature of this virtual object. The system includes: explicit visual (horizontal) regulators that attract and localize the attention of the addressee with the help of color, size, location in the space of the portal interface, creating contrast, meaning a certain topic, problem, information or supplementing it; visual vertical regulators associated with calls for specific actions; visual hidden regulators (photos, infographics - photo report, photo report, photo story, photo tour, performing the functions of influencing the emotional and aesthetic spheres of the recipient’s perception; diagrams, graphs, drawings, tables, performing the functions of concentrating a large amount of information, illustrating, simplifying perception), the existence of which is found only after opening hyperlinks; explicit verbal horizontal and vertical regulators that nominate sections of content, hyperlinks, etc., conveying mainly information and through it by lexical, stylistic (a combination of neutral, special and colloquial vocabulary), digital, graphic (font, underlining, color highlighting) means that implement “anchoring” the attention of the addressee; polymodal regulations (video about the professional activities of employees of the City Administration, the mayor, city utilities).
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):103-111
pages 103-111 views

The path to comprehension of the text as a comprehension of life

Myaksheva O.V.

Abstract

The theory of the semantic deployment of the text in opposition addresser – addressee is relevant in modern linguistics, anthropocentric in its ontological essence. In the 21st century many scientists are studying the problem of text perception by the reader from different angles, based on linguistic argumentative resources and with the help of related sciences: cognitive science, philosophy, sociology, psychology, etc. The goal is to show how the semantic deployment of the text of memories by readers occurs, based on the works of philosophers exploring the relationship between the concepts of cognition, consciousness, language, the achievements of cognitive linguistics and the communicative style of the text. The material are responses to the memory book by O.B. Sirotinina “Life despite everything, or I am a happy person”. The basis of the study were the analysis, comparison and generalization of scientific literature on the theory and history of the issue, the use of comparative, contextual, semantic-stylistic, and discourse analysis. The semantic and stylistic analysis of responses to the memories with the involvement of knowledge of the components of the addressee image made it possible to conclude that the authors of the responses reflected the general meaning (hyperconcept of the primary text) in their texts. The moral principles of humanism, courage, justice, tolerance, etc. reflected in the book of memoirs resonated with all of its readers. However, if for her fellow scientists Olga Borisovna is the unconditional bearer of these norms, for young people the emphasis has shifted towards the imperative modality: a book of memoirs for them is a motivator of life. The high level of speech production ability demonstrated in the responses, the formed cognitive base, the value orientations of scientists led to the conclusion that the older generation is free from restrictions in the ability to express the state of consciousness. They have communicative and life experience comparable with the author’s, they are not bound by the conventions of the social environment of communication. For young people, the level of awareness is not always available for analysis due to interference in speech production, this awareness reflects not yet rich life experience, etc. The text, according to philosophers, “is a certain duration of content, focused on a certain state of consciousness”. Other paradigms of “obtaining” knowledge can offer other interpretations of the states of consciousness, reflected in the primary text and perceived in the secondary one. Only the life-affirming moral principles of interpersonal relationships, which are mentioned in the memoirs book and which the authors of the responses comprehended, will remain unshakable. Only they, these norms, are a guarantee of the existence of life on Earth.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):112-119
pages 112-119 views

RUSSIAN AND WORLD LITERATURE

Organization of action in the play “Telemachus” by V. Mass and N. Erdman

Babenko N.A.

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the need to study the creative heritage of N. Erdman, a world-famous playwright, in full. The article examines for the first time the unpublished text of the “representation in one act” “Telemachus”, created with the participation of N. Erdman. The purpose of this work is to identify the features of the organization of the action of the play, the expressive possibilities of the comic, actualizing the problems of Soviet society at the turn of the 1920s-30s. The text of the play “Telemachus” by V. Mass and N. Erdman as a research material was studied based on the works of V. Ya. Propp, V. M. Zhirmunsky. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization were used, as well as such specifically literary criticism methods as typological, phenomenological, historical-functional methods and the method of descriptive poetics. The analysis of the play “Telemachus” in the context of the review of “The Odyssey” by the same authors reveals the authors’ travesty development of not only a fragment of Homer’s story, as indicated by the title, but also the story of the choice of the groom in the version of Gogol’s “Marriage” as well-known cultural models. The characters of V. Massa and N. Erdman with ancient names in Telemachus speak in hexameter, the sharper and more obvious in the actions of the protagonist, in the speech formulation of his requirements, in the means of achieving the goal, the manifestation of domestic socio-political reality at the turn of the 1920s and 30s. The travesty of fragments of the Homeric poem makes it possible to actualize the processes taking place both in the individual consciousness and in modern society. The dramatic action of the play of 1930 reveals the unrestrained desire of the main character to command, to subjugate others to direct events in a direction favorable to himself. As a result, the private is transformed into the state, the personal into the ideological, the foundations for creating a family and the normal existence of people are being destroyed. An analysis of the behavior of the characters and events of the play “Telemachus” reveals the logic of the changing and accepted by others demands of the main character to the mother and her suitors as a process of unstoppable assertion of an authoritarian ruler. Consistent development, transformation-travesty of a well-known plot - fragments of the Homeric poem in “The Odyssey”, “Telemachus” and other works by V. Mass and N. Erdman of the late 1920s – early 1930s. allows us to see these authors among the first creators of the epic drama of a conventionally metaphorical direction.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):120-127
pages 120-127 views

Communication failures and ways to overcome it in the “teenage” stories by Asya Petrova

Barkovskaya N.V.

Abstract

Asya Petrova is a modern St. Petersburg writer who is actively working in the genre of “school” story. Asya Petrova’s stories address an important question: why is it impossible or unsuccessful for a teenager to communicate with peers or adults? A related question: should a teenager distinguish between “own” circle of family / friends and a “wide” social circle of communication and, in accordance with this, choose a type of speech behavior? The choice of Asya Petrova’s works as a material for analysis is due to the fact that in most cases the writer finds for her characters the possibility of a positive resolution of conflicts; the finals of works are open to the future. Particular attention is paid to the story «Who says what – it doesn’t matter», since this work can be recommended to the teacher for a joint discussion with pupils in grades 6 or 7. The purpose of this article is to identify ways to solve the communicative failures of the heroes offered by Asya Petrova. The existential problems of the characters (the desire to “just say” and the feeling of the impossibility of this action) are realized in the same type of conversation situation. These situations mark the stages of plot development. The methodological basis of the study includes, in addition to the traditional system-structural concept of the artistic world of the work and the plot as part of the chronotope, the theory of the subjective organization of the narrative. Based on the concept of the dialogic word M.M. Bakhtin, methods of organizing the speech level are analyzed; in the study of errors and failures of dialogues, the theory of discourse formations of V.I. Tyupa is involved. The features of the genre of “school” story are taken into account. As a result, five stories by Asya Petrova are considered, offering several possible options for establishing communicative contacts between a teenager and people around him. The general invariant is the hero’s overcoming of isolation on himself, the emergence of a desire to help other people. In addition, the author declares the independence of the child’s personal statement, not subject to double communicative standards. The conclusions point to the significance of such a trend in modern teenage literature, which successfully combines psychologism in revealing the characters’ images and the author’s game strategies. The practical significance is seen in drawing attention to an actively writing modern author, who is still outside the attention of researchers in children’s and adolescent literature.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):128-135
pages 128-135 views

Periphery without centre: system of narrators in the novel “Sketches of Russian Life in the Caucasus”

Serdyuk A.M.

Abstract

Sketches of Russian Life in the Caucasus was published in London in 1853, and soon after was proven to have plagiarised Mikhail Lermontov’s A Hero of Our Time. Though following the original almost to the letter, the novel is conceptually different, nor does it justify its presumably ethnographic title, being didactic in its core. Like the original, it centres around three marginal narrators. This article aims at defining their role within the new pragmatics of the text. The article examines the novel Sketches of Russian Life in the Caucasus, by a Russe, Many Years Resident among the Various Mountain Tribes, as well as A Hero of Our Time by Mikhail Lermontov, which it is based on. The methods used include the comparative, culture-historical, and hermeneutic ones. Following the wandering officer of the original, the nameless narrator of the novel’s first part remains the former, yet ceases to be the latter. As a result, not only does he retain his marginal status as a traveller, but also moves further away from the narrating officers. His outsider’s view of the characters, particularly Zadonskoi (Pechorin), thus, at first glance appears to be the most objective; in fact, however, it is subject to the European cultural context. Sorokin (Maxim Maximytch) largely retains the original features. However, his rejecting the local population is more evident, so is his religious vigour. Though he, the nameless narrator, and Zadonskoi are in some ways akin, the focus lies on their differences, mainly in age and worldview. As a result, Sorokin’s image is less marginal, with his role as a moral compass for both the protagonist and the reader emphasised. Finally, Zadonskoi himself remains a multi-marginal figure, yet unlike Pechorin has the potential for social integration. Though both Sorokin and the nameless narrator see him as strange and eccentric, in his own papers he unwittingly discovers a human in himself. The marginal status of the narrators, particularly the main character, obscures their national background allowing the focus of the narrative to shift towards universal problems, which are of paramount importance in the novel.
Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023;(3):136-144
pages 136-144 views

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