卷 13, 编号 4 (2023)

The study of various properties of information-technical systems from the point of view of interaction of their physical and digital components is a new and actual direction of modern science of cyber-physical systems. When considering modern cyber-physical systems, various authors recommend considering them as complex systems within the framework of system analysis. Due to the complexity of systems, adaptive algorithms should be relied upon in human-machine interaction. In this case, the specialist is seen as a decision maker. In the course of his work, he will strive to ensure the required mode of functioning of the cyber-physical system, including in the presence of faults in it. This paper proposes to consider the possible actions of a specialist in a cyber-physical system from the perspective of a simulation experiment. The paper provides an illustration of an algorithm scheme related to adaptive resource selection in a cyber-physical system. The scheme of rational decision making when resources are selected is shown. A methodology for generating logic models is proposed. The paper shows how game modeling can be applied to cyber-physical systems. The results obtained in this paper can be applied to a wide range of cyberphysical systems.

The development of unmanned aerial vehicles can be regarded as a promising direction of modern aviation. They have significantly reduced dimensional characteristics, if compared with traditional aircraft. It is also possible to form unmanned aerial vehicles, which are aimed at performing corresponding tasks. It takes less time to train a specialist to fly an unmanned aerial vehicle compared to conventional pilots. The work is related to the creation of mathematical models that allow an integral way to evaluate the effectiveness and conduct cluster structuring of a swarm of wireless aircraft. At the same time, there are opportunities to take into account the limited resources, to carry out redistribution of resources. Resources are distributed among clusters, and the principle of inverse priorities has to be applied. After that, the distribution over the drones of the network structure that has been optimized is implemented. Monitoring information is used. The main stages of solving the problem, which are based on optimization procedures, are shown.

In this article, the authors consider the prerequisites for creating a single operator of urban passenger transportation. This organization is necessary to control the operation of all types of urban passenger transport. The prerequisites are problems in the field of urban passenger transport: poor quality of public transport services, which leads to numerous complaints and dissatisfaction of passengers. A single operator of urban passenger transportation will help solve these problems, as it will monitor the quality of services provided by carriers.

The purpose: to analyze the prerequisites for creating a single operator of urban passenger transportation in modern cities.

Method or methodology of the work: statistical analysis and synthesis were used in the article.

Results: the problems of urban passenger transport are identified, which are prerequisites for the creation of a single operator of urban passenger transportation, namely, low indicators of the quality of passenger transport services according to various criteria

Scope of application of the results: research activity on the development of new approaches in the field of organization of transportation and transport services.

In this article, the authors consider issues related to the efficiency of the use of electric transport in cities. Currently, environmentally friendly modes of transport, including means of individual mobility, are becoming increasingly relevant. To determine the prospects for the development of electric transport in cities, it is necessary to evaluate the performance indicators of its work. Based on the experience of using electric transport, it can be concluded that the development of this type of transport in the cities of our country is a promising direction.

The purpose: the purpose of this study is the efficiency of the use of electric transport in cities. Within the framework of achieving the set goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: analysis of the characteristics and effectiveness of various types of electric transport; analysis of the experience of using electric transport in urban conditions.

Method or methodology of the work: when conducting research, the authors used such research methods as analysis, practical modeling.

Results: to date, the following results have been achieved: comparative costs of electric transport and other types of urban transport have been analyzed. The international experience of using electric transport is analyzed. The technical characteristics of vehicles, the consumption of electrical energy, the possibility of charging and operation in urban conditions are considered.

Scope of application of the results: research activity on the development of new approaches in the field of organization of transportation on vehicles with alternative energy sources.

In this article, the authors have approached the problem of introducing digitalization in the field of road transport.

The purpose of this study is an attempt to determine the features of the interaction of new digital technologies with the system of freight and passenger road transport.

During the study, the main directions of digitalization implementation in the field of road transport were identified, the existing difficulties arising during the transition from the old methods of management and control of motor transport to the new digital ones were indicated.

As a result, conclusions are drawn about the need for the early introduction of digital methods of organization and management of road transport with extensive use of artificial intelligence.

The introduction of digital methods of organizing transportation activities has broad support from both the Government of the Russian Federation and the business community of Russia. The transition to the digital economy is impossible without a primary transition in its “circulatory system” - the transport system.

The research resulted in the development of software that implements various algorithms of neural networks optimization, which allowed to carry out their comparative analysis in terms of optimization quality. The article takes a detailed look at artificial neural networks and methods of their optimization: quantization, overcutting, distillation, Tucker’s dissolution. Algorithms and optimization tools of neural networks were explained, as well as comparative analysis of different methods was conducted with their advantages and disadvantages listed. Calculation values were given as well as recommendations on how to execute each method. Optimization is studied by text classification performance: peculiarities were removed, models were chosen and taught, parameters were adjusted. The set task was completed with the use of the following technologies: Python programming language, Pytorch framework and Jupyter Notebook developing environment. The results that were acquired can be used to reduce the demand on computing power while preserving the same level of detection and classification abilities.

Transport is an important sector of the country’s economy. Its activities have an impact on other businesses and the public. It is important that enterprises in the transport industry achieve a state of economic security. The absence of a unified definition of the concept of “economic security” and approaches to its assessment is shown. It is noted that the concept of “financial security” is closely related to the concept of “economic security.” It has been shown that without financial security, it is impossible to achieve a state of economic security. On the example of the most important enterprise of railway transport in Russia, an assessment of the financial condition, financial security and economic security was carried out. Extremely low economic security of the enterprise was revealed. Based on the analysis, some ways have been proposed to improve the financial and economic security of the enterprise in question.

The goal is to consider practical aspects of the economic security of the transport company through an assessment of the financial and economic security of FPK JSC.

Method or methodology of work: the study used a systematic approach and general scientific methods - statistical, comparative analysis, expert assessments and logical generalizations.

Results: shows the relationship between the financial and economic security of the enterprise. The economic security of FPK JSC was assessed as extremely low. Some ways to strengthen financial and economic security have been proposed.

Field of application of the results: it is advisable to apply the obtained results to economic entities engaged in activities in the field of transport.

The article discusses the problems and prospects for development of the logistics sector in Russia. The concept of blockchain, its main functions and tasks are described. The principles of operation of the system and examples of companies already using this technology are given. Now, in Russia, logistics support for cargo delivery has low quality and economic efficiency indicators. Logistics is in search of new technologies that will simplify and automate the process of accumulating and using data related to document flow, cargo tracking and information storage. Logistics chains can include dozens of links; the more nodes in the chain, the more difficult it is to control them and the more information appears. At the same time, interactions between producers, carriers and consumers are becoming less transparent. Blockchain technologies can solve these problems by reducing the cost of transportation, making information impossible to hack and falsify, and optimizing processing and query times.

Purpose: to consider the main problems and challenges arising in the field of logistics that blockchain technologies can solve.

Results: obtaining information on how blockchain technology can be applied in logistics, as well as identifying opportunities and prospects for its use.

Practical implications: deciding on the implementation of blockchain technology in logistics operations and using its advantages to assess efficiency and competitiveness.

The algorithms of pre-trip control of buses’ technical condition under the conditions of hypothetical application of an automated system based on video registration in ATP are considered. The authors analyse the regularities of changes in the parameters of the technical condition of buses as a function of their appearance estimated by the RGB colour system parameters. Typical examples of processing and analysing static and time-varying images are given. Initial, permissible and limit values of diagnostic parameters in RGB system are defined for separate systems of buses (external lights, tyres, windscreen).

Purpose. Determination of regularities of changes in the parameters of the technical condition of buses as a function of their appearance assessed by the parameters of the RGB color system.

Method or methodology of the work. The method of estimating the RGB colour parameters of the reference and actual bus images in the Adobe Photoshop software environment and their subsequent mathematical analysis was used in this work.

Results. Initial values of diagnostic parameters, limits and acceptable ranges are obtained.

Scope of the results. The obtained results are expedient for application at creation of the automatic system of control of technical condition of the vehicle before the trip on the basis of video registration.