Vol 47, No 1 (2025)

The paper examines the functioning of military metaphors as one of the leading types of conceptualmetaphors in the texts of Eldar Ryazanov’s fi lms. In contemporary linguistics, there is an increasing focus on the studyof cognitive metaphors, which serve as a crucial tool for interpreting creolized texts, particularly cinematographic texts.However, there has been no research specifi cally exploring the manifestation of military metaphors in fi lms. This articlerepresents the fi rst attempt to identify and analyze metaphorical models that structure thematic groups of militaryvocabulary, including the following: “naming military actions and ways of warfare”, “naming outcomes of militaryactions”, “naming individuals directly and indirectly involved in military actions”, “naming types of weapons and theircomponents”, and “naming military groups and units”. The study reveals the lexico-semantic, categorical-grammatical,functional, stylistic, and linguocultural characteristics of these metaphorical models in fi lm language. It highlights thenational and cultural uniqueness of the metaphorical understanding of the vocabulary associated with the semanticdomain of “war”, thereby refl ecting a fragment of the Russian linguistic worldview through identifying key instances of using military metaphors in everyday contexts. The fi ndings can be applied to the teaching of Russian as a foreign language and can inform the development of textbooks on metaphorology and the linguistics of cinematographic texts.

The aim of the research is to study the issue of refl ecting substandard vocabulary in a modern work of fi ctionand the practice of its discussion in teaching Russian as a foreign language. For the analysis, the author has chosenthe novel Storm Warning by Andrey Rubanov and Vasily Avchenko as an example of the speech discourse of modernRussia, proposing to consider it as relatable teaching material that fosters intensive immersion into the modern cultureof the country of the studied language and the formation of speech skills. The text of the novel captures a new linguistic reality, vividly and capaciously demonstrates the inexhaustible possibilities of the national language, and reveals the speech of the contemporaries of the new century in all the variety of its shades, which underscores the relevance and novelty of this study.

Legal terminology plays a signifi cant role in the development of the nineteenth-century Russian vocabulary.It was regularly used by a prominent Russian Slavophile, Ivan Aksakov, whose views were shaped within theprofessional community of legal experts and directly assimilated the ideas that contributed to the development of theRussian legal tradition. So far, texts written by the Slavophiles belonging to the one of the main directions that affectedthe social and political environment in Russia from the 1840s through the 1860s have not been described by linguists.The signifi cance of Ivan Aksakov in the media landscape of the XIX century lies in his role as an author who introducedSlavophile ideas into public discourse, which, along with the active development of journalism vocabulary, determinesthe relevance of this study. This research examines the author’s interpretation of legal terminology through language reflection, which in Aksakov’s publicistic texts marks the distinction between “foreign” and “native” words in his debateswith opponents. To understand the role of language refl ection in articulating the author’s perspective on legal lexicon,the paper analyzes the semantic interactions involving the objects of language refl ection, namely, the words legal andlegality that denote the fundamental legal concepts, as well as other lexical and phraseological units and so-called “refl exives”. The fi ndings indicate that Aksakov’s use of these terms led to the emergence of new ideological connotations, closely tied to their religious and moral interpretations.

The article aims to analyze to what extent and for what purposes the theoretical propositions outlinedin Mikhail Lomonosov’s rhetorical works are applied in his natural science discourse. The material examined consistsof essays written in the genre of “discourse”. The relevance of this research lies in the text-oriented approach of contemporarystudies of scientifi c discourse, while its novelty stems from the lack of prior research on Lomonosov’s workfrom this perspective. It is shown that Lomonosov’s choice of a specifi c genre was infl uenced by extralinguistic factors,since he was to deliver a speech at a formal public meeting of the Academy of Sciences. The rhetorical structure ofthese works is evident in both the composition (including a panegyric-style introduction and conclusion) and the useof lexical and syntactic rhetorical elements throughout the text. The main categories of rhetorical techniques identifi edinclude “decorations”, “extension”, and “questioning”, with their functions being both merely rhetorical and supportiveof contact with the audience. The overall conclusion drawn is that the rhetorical form used to present information in the context of a formal public speech did not confl ict with the serious content of Lomonosov’s work and was compatible with the scientifi c discourse of the XVIII century.

The purpose of the study is to determine the scope of meanings of the stative perfect in the Bulgarianlanguage and to identify its equivalence to the corresponding categories in the Russian language at the interlingual andtranslation levels. The hypothesis of the study is that the stative perfect can be an intermediate link between the indicativeperfect and non-evidential forms in the Bulgarian language and has no full equivalents in Russian. Through thecomparative analysis the paper examines passages from fi ction containing the above-mentioned form and their translationsinto Russian. The fi ndings lead to a conclusion on the non-equivalence of the stative perfect in relation to the Russian language. The paper also presents a set of grammatical forms with similar semantics. The results of the study can be used both for further research in this area and as ready-made translation strategies when working with Bulgarian texts.

This study analyses the metaphorical representation of identity in the headlines of English-languagemedia discourse, with particular emphasis on metaphorical models with the target domain “IDENTITY”. The relevanceof the topic is driven by the growing interest in studying media as a powerful tool for shaping public consciousness andconstructing socially signifi cant concepts, such as identity. The aim of the research is to identify and systematize themetaphorical models used to represent identity in the headlines of English-language media. Cognitive analysis and linguisticinterpretation of media texts are employed in this study. The research corpus includes 47 headlines from leadingEnglish-language publications (The Guardian and The Independent), selected based on their popularity and infl uence.The fi ndings of the study show that identity is often metaphorically represented through images of a mask, journey, loss,building, and territory, refl ecting the dynamic and multi-layered nature of this concept in media discourse. The mainconclusions are that metaphors play a key role in shaping readers’ perception of identity and that media discourse actively uses these metaphorical models to manipulate public opinion. This study makes a contribution to media discourse linguistics and cognitive linguistics, deepening the understanding of the role of metaphor in contemporary media space.

The article examines various models of future development for both the country and society as depictedin the works of Sigizmund Krzhizhanovsky, specifi cally in Memories of the Future, The Letter Killers Club, and YellowCoal. Although dystopian motifs are prevalent throughout Krzhizhanovsky’s writings, they have not been the subjectof a separate study, which highlights the originality of this research. The study’s relevance lies in its exploration ofdystopian issues, which are essential for understanding the ideological and philosophical dimensions of the author’swork, as well as the pressing questions he raises. In contrast to the optimistic visions of future society found in Sovietliterature, Krzhizhanovsky presents a more pessimistic outlook, capturing the fear-laden atmosphere of Moscow duringthe 1930s to 1950s (Memories of the Future), the implications of a global energy crisis (Yellow Coal), and the potential consequences of bioengineering and the centralized regulation of private life (The Letter Killers Club, Yellow Coal). This article clarifi es the unique portrayal of the future crafted by Krzhizhanovsky by comparing his futurological predictions with those of his contemporaries.

This study focuses on the singing practices of village communities, which were the object of the author’sfi eld observations during expeditions to the Mezen River and its tributaries in the Arkhangelsk region from 2007 troughthe 2010s. The research was conducted through participant observation, which led to the identifi cation of two distincttypes of singing practices in this area: public and private. The primary goal of this research was to explore the uniquecharacteristics of these practices, with fi ndings partially presented in this article. It highlights the role of traditional songfolklore within the repertoires of rural choirs. By examining singing as a communal activity, this approach offers a freshperspective on the subject. In Russian philological folkloristics, the analysis typically focuses on song texts, leavingthe practical aspects of singing relatively unexplored. Given the anthropological shift in the humanities, this study isparticularly relevant. The fi ndings suggest that the continued presence of traditional song folklore in the repertoires of rural choirs, even a century after the decline of the peasant class, underscores its enduring signifi cance for both local residents and the authorities supporting these folk groups.