Polylinguality and transcultural practices

In the modern world of globalization, there is a need to establish a multilingual communication environment in the work process of transnational corporations for more efficient execution of tasks and organization of negotiations. As a result, a completely new polylingual space appears with its own internal dynamics of linguistic phenomena, the study of which requires the formation of new approaches to research. In this paper, the processes that arise as a result of the transition of business to a transnational space are analyzed from the point of view of Interactive Sociolinguistics. The influence of global processes and technologies on communication and inter-action between participants in work and contractual processes within corporations and between them is considered. The formation of a multilingual communication system due to the participation of users of different languages in communication is studied. The factors that result in the establishment of a particular multilingual system in the workspace are identified, and its manifestations are considered. The internal dynamics of this system are studied as it develops. The work is based on theoretical and practical researches by authoritative authors in the field of sociolinguistics, such as J.J. Gumperz, R. Wodak, J. Blommaert, and others. The study analyzes the effectiveness of the application of the Interactive Sociolinguistics approach to describing the work process in the context of the need to establish multilingual communication in transnational business.

The research deals with the problem of bilingualism and polylingualism in the aspect of intercultural communication in the conditions of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in diachronic and synchronic aspects. Multilingualism, multiculturalism, intercultural communication has an ancient history in the republics of Central Asia, on the territory of which Arabic, Farsi, Russian functioned in different periods of history along with Turkic languages (Kazakh, Uzbek, Kyrgyz, Turkmen, Karakalpak, etc.). Each of these languages in different epochs fulfilled the functions of the language of state documents, the language of education and science, and communication in the process of intercultural communication. Bilingualism and transcultural practices had three sides until the beginning of the 20th century: 1. Implementation of linguistic and intercultural communication in Arabic as a result of the adoption of Islam: introduction of Muslim religious concepts, principles, rules of behavior, culture of interpersonal and social communication, school education (in maktabs), education in madrasas into everyday life. 2. Implementation of linguistic and intercultural communication in Farsi due to the functioning of the Bukhara Emirate and the prevalence of Farsi in the spheres of education, fiction, science. 3. Realization of intra-state linguistic and intercultural communication in the Turkic language by the majority of the population. After 1917, with the formation of the USSR, the Russian language was actively introduced on the state ideological basis. The total introduction of the Russian language through the system of compulsory school education, in the system of science and culture has yielded its results: by 1990 Turkic-Russian bilingualism and biculturalism had covered the overwhelming majority of the population (up to 90%, in some regions of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan - up to 100%). The varieties of polylingualism actively functioning are: Kazakh-Russian-Uzbek, Kazakh-Russian-Kirghiz, Uzbek-Russian-Tajik, Uzbek-Russian-Karakalpak, Karakalpak-Russian-Uzbek, Karakalpak-Uzbek, Karakalpak-Uzbek-Kazakh and others. At present, with the active entry of English into the education system, bilingualism and poly-lingualism with its participation are being formed: Kazakh-Russian-English, Uzbek-Russian-English, Uzbek-Russian-English and others. Varieties of bilingualism and polylingualism with the participation of English are characterized by localization in diplomacy, joint enterprises, international projects, etc. Before the arrival of the Russian language, people mainly became bilinguals in the conditions of natural functioning of bilingualism, and in the XX century - in the combination of natural non-native (Russian) language environment in Turkophone conditions with the system of school and university polylingual education. In the course of the work the comparative, intra-language comparison, deductive and inductive methods were used, which helped to determine the theoretical and practical significance of the topic of scientific research.

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The study presents the comparative analysis of the verbal and non-verbal means representing the concept of sustainable development/sustainability based on the data of non-financial reports of British companies in English as well as Russian companies both in Russian and in English for 2013-2020. The research covers non-financial reports of four key economic sectors. Non-financial reports are viewed as a representation of corporate discourse. The research has revealed recurrent unique as well as universal linguistic and pragmatic features of the concept of sustainability in two cultures that are presented via semantic fields, demonstrating the core notions and the periphery. Overall, Russian non-financial reports copy the tone and structure of the British reports, albeit avoiding transparency, informality, and diversity of linguistic and persuasive tools, such as metaphors, typical for the British reports. The combination of certain cultural and linguistic features allows us to consider the English translations of the Russian non-financial reports as early signs of Russian English manifestation in this field. Further research from the standpoint of cognitive linguistics may shed more light on how sustainable development/sustainability is verbalized in various varieties of Englishes and linguacultures as such.

This study analyzes Tiki Pop as a cultural phenomenon of the 20th century and provides insight into how Polynesian translingual literature helps eliminate stereotypes imposed on indigenous cultures in the region. The author traces the history of Tiki Pop, from its inception in the 1930s to its decline at the turn of the century, and argues that this phenomenon was a byproduct of colonial times that affected the way Western audiences perceive Polynesia. This exoticizing view of the region is then contrasted to the way it is presented in Polynesian translingual literature. The author then delineates several linguistic devices that are utilized by indigenous ambilingual authors in order to outline their identity and combat stereotypical conceptualization of local cultures.

The study analyzes the story “Reminder” (1979) by the Leningrad writer Enna Alennik, which had not previously been included in literary discourse. In particular, the paper examines the image of a minor character, the artist Usto Modan. The relevance of the presented material is related to the attention in modern culture to the prototype of this image, the real artist of the 20th century Usto Mumin (1897-1957). In the 21st century documentaries are being made, plays are being staged, studies and books are being written about him. The purpose of the article is to show, on the basis of the biographical method and receptive aesthetics, how the image of the artist is constructed in the story by Enna Alennik. The details and context of the image, psychological and ethical features of the portrait of the artist are highlighted. The uniqueness of the proposed material lies in the fact that the analyzed context of the story “Reminder” does not contain an apologetic discourse about the artist, rather, the opposite. Such an unusual view of the artist, whose paintings are exhibited in the largest museum collections, expands the idea not only of the creative personality depicted in the literary text, but also of the real artist, thereby loosening the mythological buildings and making the artist “out of flesh and blood”.

The study is devoted to the study of the reflection of Hegel’s philosophical ideas about the “absolute spirit” and the “absolute idea” in Turkic philosophy, and, as a consequence, in the literature of Kazakhstan in the 21st century. The work demonstrates how Hegel’s teaching, having come to the soil of spiritually oriented Kazakh philosophy, overcoming Hegelian reductionism in the person of the classics of Kazakh national literature (Abai, Makhshur Kopeyev and Magzhan Zhumabayev), turned into the theory of the Absolute, which consolidates the unity and interconnection of each element of reality - from global historical events to personal collisions. An analysis of the reflection of Hegel’s ideas in post-Soviet Kazakhstani prose is carried out using the material of intellectual novels by two translingual writers: Khasen Adibayev “Constellations of Twins” and Dyusenbek Nakipov “Circle of Ashes”. The sources of these works and their main distinctive features, allowing them to be classified as intellectual prose, are revealed. The author’s interpretation of the “work” of the theory of the interconnection of all things in the creative laboratory of these translingual writers is offered. It is shown how Hegel’s ideas, refracted through Adibaev’s perception, were realized in his theory of the Absolute law, which became the event axis of the novel. Understanding the law within the framework of the history of human civilization allows this writer to put at the forefront a person Thinking and seeing the interconnections, interdependence of the past, present and alternative present. It was also analyzed how Nakipov “works” with the Absolute law (Eternal Absolute), opposing the “religion of revenge” to the “religion of love”, dictating the fulfillment of this law through a Loving person. According to Adibaev, the law of the Absolute is fulfilled hourly in the history of mankind, according to Nakipov this law comes into effect only when it must be preserved.

The study is devoted to the Russian-French cultural and scientific dialogue of the 17th and 20th centuries, which is of considerable interest for understanding the mechanisms of intercultural communication in the context of political and ideological challenges. In today’s world, where scientific cooperation often faces external constraints, an analysis of the historical experience of interaction between countries shows how the interaction of languages, art and ideas enriches the culture of countries. is to explore the main stages of the Russian-French dialogue, paying special attention to the role of the scientific rather than the intellectual aspect. Special attention is paid to the contribution of the French Slavist Paul Boyer, one of the founders of the Institute of Slavic Studies (Institut d'études slaves) and the authoritative scientific journal Revue des études slaves, as well as the concept of scientific and cultural exchange developed by him. The work uses scientific works on Slavic studies, memoirs and correspondence of cultural figures (D. Diderot, L.N. Tolstoy, P. Boyer, etc.). Historical and cultural analysis, comparative method and textual approach are applied to study the evolution of pedagogical and linguistic methods, Russian-French dialogue. It is revealed that the most effective forms of interaction (Paul Boyer’s textbook, based on Tolstoy’s ABC “Azbuka” of 1872) arose outside the context of the “intellectual expansion” that became widespread in France at the beginning of the 20th century, because of which institutional initiatives (the French Institute in St. Petersburg) could be distorted under the influence of ideology. In addition, the prospects of adapting historical models of dialogue (emphasis on pedagogy, authentic texts) in modern digital educational practices of teaching the language and culture of Russia are shown.

The study is devoted to comparative analysis of a lyrical poem by Mykola Bazhan, a classic of Ukrainian literature of the 20th century, “Prologue to Spogadiv” and its translation into Russian by the famous Russian poet Mikhail Matusovsky (“Prologue to Memories”). The main emphasis is placed on the translator’s endeavour to preserve as much as possible, when translating the work by means of other (closely related) linguistic means of another (closely related) linguoculture. It is essential when translating poetic works. The article demonstrates that the translator has fully preserved the author’s compositional design of the poem, and the speech means and methods used by M. Bazhan for the figurative-value comprehension of the key images of the work (memories, mother’s hands) are transferred in the translated version with extraordinary care and skill, which determines both their essential closeness to the original in terms of stylistic tone and the preservation of the features of the author’s individual-stylistic manner to a great extent (in particular, the author’s chosen author. The approach realized by the translator to the transposition of a lyrical poem in Ukrainian into Russian - by means of a different, though closely-related, linguoculture - not only testifies, in the opinion of the author of the publication, to Mikhail Matusovsky’s undoubted talent as a translator, but also allows us to consider him, to a certain extent, a co-author of Mykola Bazhan’s translated work.

The study is devoted to the phenomenon of Kazakhstani “thick” magazine “Prostor” in the period from 1991 to 1999. For the first time the magazine is considered as a cultural mediator that contributed to the preservation of ties between Russian and Kazakh cultural fields in the post-Soviet period. The publication activity of the journal, which presented to the reader the unknown and forgotten heritage of the Silver Age, previously banned Soviet writers and representatives of the Russian emigration, is analyzed. The review of literary and literary-critical publications on the pages of the journal is given, which testify to the undying interest of Kazakhstani science to Russian literature in the new era. The role of “Prostor” in preserving a unified Russian-Kazakh cultural field in the post-Soviet period, maintaining the stability of the common intellectual and scientific space is emphasized.