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Vol 39, No 10 (2019)

Article

Stress–Strain State of Internal Rubber Shock-Absorbing Components in a Small Supporting Roller of a Caterpillar System

Korostelev S.A.

Abstract

The stress–strain state of rubber components in the internal shock absorbers of a small-diameter supporting roller in a caterpillar system is analyzed. An algorithm for its calculation is proposed. The stress–strain states due to axial compression in roller assembly and the radial operational force are considered. The influence of axial compression of the rubber components on the radial rigidity of the supporting roller is determined.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):821-826
pages 821-826 views

Determining the Displacement of the Rotor Shaft in an Electrical Machine

Novozhilov A.N., Yussupova A.O., Novozhilov T.A.

Abstract

A device is developed for eliminating the displacement of the rotor shaft in electrical machines. The displacement is determined by measuring the transducer capacitance at four equidistant points around the circumference relative to the shaft.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):827-830
pages 827-830 views

Local Heat Transfer in the Combustion Chamber of a Hydrogen Diesel

Kavtaradze R.Z., Natriashvili T.M., Glonti M.G., Wang Y., Sakhvadze G.Z.

Abstract

By three-dimensional modeling, the local heat transfer in the combustion chamber of a traditional diesel is compared with that in a promising hydrogen diesel, which is based on the direct injection of gaseous hydrogen. The local heat transfer in the combustion chamber of a hydrogen diesel is analyzed, because it must be taken into account in the conversion of mass-produced diesel engines.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):831-836
pages 831-836 views

Selection of Working Frequencies in Complex Plane Motion of Saws within a Woodcutting System

Blokhin M.A.

Abstract

Abstract—A woodcutting system based on complex plane motion (translation + rotation) of the saw blades is promising in principle but proves unstable in practice. This may be addressed by selecting working frequencies of the saws that differ from the eigenfrequencies and other parametric frequencies of the system. To that end, those frequencies must be identified. In the present work, a mathematical model of the saw system is derived. Its mass and size are optimized. On that basis, an energy-saving sawing machine superior in performance to comparable machines is manufactured and tested.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):837-842
pages 837-842 views

Production of Large Disks from Cylindrical Blanks by Plastic Deformation. 5. Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Results

Vorontsov A.L.

Abstract

Abstract—Comparison of calculation results and experimental data shows that the model derived for the plastic deformation of large disks or hard-to-deform disks is very precise and reliable. On the basis of the formulas obtained, the deforming forces may be determined and defects (irregularities) associated with plastic deformation may be predicted at the industrial design stage.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):843-847
pages 843-847 views

Digital Twin for 3D Printing on CNC Machines

Kabaldin Y.G., Kolchin P.V., Shatagin D.A., Anosov M.S., Chursin A.A.

Abstract

A system has been developed for 3D printing by means of arc welding in CNC machines. Modules for high-speed computation and for the training of neural networks (with feedback) may be connected to this 3D printing system so as to optimize the welding process and improve product quality. A digital twin expands the capabilities of CAM systems in preparing control programs and equipment for CNC machines.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):848-851
pages 848-851 views

Influence of Rolling Torques on the Dynamic Loads in Mill Drives

Chumakova L.A.

Abstract

The elastic torques are investigated with different rolling torques in a rolling-mill drive. The dynamic load on the rolling stand is parametrically analyzed.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):852-854
pages 852-854 views

Five Theorems of Turbulence and Their Practical Application

Kochetkov Y.M., Kravchik T.N., Podymova O.A.

Abstract

Five theorems of turbulence are stated on the basis of experimental and theoretical research. These theorems permit simpler mathematical description of the gas dynamics of viscous, nonsteady, nonequilibrium, and compressible fluxes. Some conclusions are reached regarding the gas dynamics of combustion chambers and nozzles in rocket engines.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):855-861
pages 855-861 views

Production of Hollow Alloy Blanks with Shape Memory Effect

Albagachiev A.Y., Khasyanova D.U.

Abstract

Abstract—The manufacture of blanks from alloys based on titanium nickelide with shape memory is proposed by means of reverse extrusion with subsequent thermomechanical treatment and crimping. The alloy plasticity is analyzed as a function of the temperature and strain rate. The shaping of such blanks is investigated.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):862-865
pages 862-865 views

Influence of Alternating Stress on the Life of Metal-Cutting Tools

Kashirskaya E.N.

Abstract

Abstract—The failure of cutting tools is investigated. A generalized approach to describing failure is proposed, on the basis of the theory of random point processes. Two mechanisms by which the abrasive particles act on the tool’s cutting edge are considered. The corresponding dynamics of damage accumulation is described.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):866-868
pages 866-868 views

Software for Simulating the Surface Wear of Tools

Muratov K.R., Ablyaz T.R., Gashev E.A., Rykunov A.N.

Abstract

Software for recording machining tracks in abrasive lapping is described. The software permits prediction of the shape and magnitude of the tool’s surface wear at the stage of process design, on the basis of the dimensions of the workpiece and the lap, their relative velocity, and the machining trajectory.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):869-871
pages 869-871 views

Finishing with Free and Bound Abrasive

Muratov K.R., Gashev E.A., Ablyaz T.R.

Abstract

Abrasive finishing of a single crystal by means of free and bound abrasive is compared in conditions with forced and free workpiece rotation. Experimental data show that the influence of forced and free workpiece rotation is different for finishing by means of free and bound abrasive. In machining by bound abrasive with forced rotation, the cutting rate and productivity are 25% higher, on average, than with free rotation.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):872-874
pages 872-874 views

Depth of the Disintegrated Layer in the Abrasive Finishing of Single Crystals

Muratov K.R., Ablyaz T.R., Gashev E.A.

Abstract

The abrasive finishing of monocrystalline lithium niobate is considered. The action of abrasive grains on the surface of the workpiece creates a layer of disintegrated material. The depth F of the disintegrated layer may be calculated as F = 12h, where h is the height of the surface relief, corresponding to the roughness Rmax.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):875-877
pages 875-877 views

Predicting Metallic Defects in Casting BrA9ZhZL Alloy Tool Electrodes

Shumkov A.A., Ablyaz T.R., Muratov K.R., Matygullina E.V., Trapeznikov N.V., Sharov K.V., Bogomyagkov A.V., Pustovalov D.O.

Abstract

A method is proposed for modeling the lost-wax casting of tool electrodes by means of fusible BrA9ZhZL copper-based alloy. The functionality of the casting system is analyzed. The heating and cooling of a ceramic mold is taken into account in visualizing the temperature fields. Sections where shrinkage pores may form in the casting are identified.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):878-880
pages 878-880 views

Manufacture of Wear-Resistant Cast-Iron Grinding Balls without Shrinkage Defects

Pustovalov D.O., Ablyaz T.R., Matygullina E.V., Sharov K.V., Bogomyagkov A.V.

Abstract

A manufacturing technology has been developed for wear-resistant cast-iron grinding balls without shrinkage defects. In this method, the balls are cast in single-use sand–clay molds. A new approach to designing the casting system is developed. By numerical modeling, the time dependence of solidification is derived. As a trial, grinding balls are produced by the proposed technology.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):881-883
pages 881-883 views

Turning of F-4UV20 Composite Plastic

Ablyaz T.R., Matygullina E.V., Sirotenko L.D., Tokarev D.I., Drozdov A.A.

Abstract

The turning of F-4UV20 composite plastic is investigated. Continuous chip is formed in all the experimental conditions: cutting speed 16–100 m/min; supply 0.05–0.2 mm/turn; cutting depth 0.5–2 mm. The wear of the cutting insert is uniform (0.1 mm at the rear surface and 0.3 mm at the front surface), with no traces of adhesion. After turning, carbon fibers remain on the machined surface, conferring antifrictional properties without significant effect on the roughness.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):884-885
pages 884-885 views

Surface Roughness of Steel in Turning with Metal Buildup on the Tool

Tokarev D.I., Drozdov A.A., Sirotenko L.D., Matygullina E.V.

Abstract

In the machining of steel, metal from the workpiece may build up on the tool’s cutting edge. The influence of such buildup on the roughness of the machined surface in the turning of 40Х steel is simulated. The cutting conditions and the tool geometry are found to affect the surface roughness. The adhesive properties of the machined material are also significant. Vibration in the machine tool does not have a statistically significant influence on the surface roughness. That may be attributed to the rigidity of the equipment employed.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):886-888
pages 886-888 views

Wear Resistance of Steel Parts after Electrospark Alloying by Graphite Electrodes

Karavaev D.M., Matygullina E.V., Doshchennikov M.D., Sinyushov D.A.

Abstract

The influence of electrospark alloying of regular-quality Ст.3 steel on its wear resistance is investigated. The tribological properties of the strengthened surface in dry friction are investigated as a function of the number of passes in electrospark alloying and the current in the graphite electrode.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):889-891
pages 889-891 views

Mechanical Properties of Products after Electric-Discharge Machining

Ablyaz T.R., Vil’deman V.E., Muratov K.R., Il’inykh A.V.

Abstract

The mechanical properties of 38Х2Н2МА steel components after electric-discharge machining (EDM) are experimentally studied. The strength of workpieces obtained by turning and EDM is compared. The life of samples in few-cycle fatigue is determined. The life of 38Х2Н2МА steel samples after EDM is 30% less than after turning. There is little difference in the strength of 38Х2Н2МА steel samples after EDM and after turning.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):892-894
pages 892-894 views

More Efficient Electric-Discharge Machining of 38Х2Н2МА Steel

Shlykov E.S., Ablyaz T.R., Muratov K.R.

Abstract

On the basis of experimental data, recommendations are made regarding the electric-discharge machining (EDM) of 38Х2Н2МА alloy-steel parts with improved high-temperature wear resistance. Those recommendations ensure high quality of the machined surface with the highest possible productivity. In the finishing pass, to ensure roughness Ra = 2.4, the following parameters are chosen: voltage U = 100 V; time of pulse action T = 150 µs; and current I = 6 A.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):895-897
pages 895-897 views

Electric-Discharge Machining of Polymer Composites

Ablyaz T.R., Muratov K.R., Shlykov E.S., Shipunov G.S., Shakirzyanov T.V.

Abstract

The electric-discharge machining (EDM) of VKU-29 composite is experimentally studied. The influence of the machining conditions on the lateral electrode gap (the difference between the width of the slot in the polymer composite produced by EDM and the width of the tool electrode) is determined. The electrode gap observed in the machining of VKU-29 composite is analogous to that observed in the machining of steel workpieces. It depends on the pulse energy. Comparison of graphite, copper, and composite tool electrodes shows that the best surface quality is obtained in the latter case. In EDM by a composite electrode, no traces of damage or fluffing are seen on the machined surface.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):898-900
pages 898-900 views

Laser Heat Treatment of Ferrocarbon Powder Steel

Morozov E.A., Oglezneva S.A., Usynin E.V.

Abstract

The laser heat treatment of sintered ZhGr ferrocarbon powder steel with different porosity is considered. The microstructure and microhardness of the steel are determined, and the defects arising in laser treatment are studied.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):901-903
pages 901-903 views

Determining the Stress in Refractory Filters Used in Casting

Bogomyagkov A.B., Pustovalov D.O., Sharov K.V., Drozdov A.A., Kryukov A.A.

Abstract

The stress arising when melt passes through a filter is determined with different positions of the filter in the mold. The compressive strength of the proposed filter is investigated.

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):904-905
pages 904-905 views

Multitier Straight-Sprue Casting System

Sharov K.V., Bogomyagkov A.V., Pustovalov D.O., Vasenin V.I., Ablyaz T.R., Shumkov A.A.

Abstract

multitier casting system, sprue, feeder, metal flow rate

Russian Engineering Research. 2019;39(10):906-908
pages 906-908 views