Vol 1, No 131 (2024): ИЗВЕСТИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ РАКЕТНЫХ И АРТИЛЛЕРИЙСКИХ НАУК

The article is dedicated to the 30th of recreation of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Academy of Rocket and Artillery Sciences». Based on archival sources, materials and documents of state and military administration bodies, memoirs and speeches in the periodical press, the issues of the creation and activities of the Academy are disclosed in it. The pages of the article reflect the main historical stages of the creation, development, and practical activities of the Academy. The focus is on the scientific and practical activities of the Russian Academy of Sciences over the past 30 years, the participation of members and staff of the Academy in the processes of its creation and formation as a full member of Russian military science. The article contains reference and informational material and may be useful to those who are interested in the formation of Russian artillery science, people who stood at the origins of solving this important state task and whose names are inscribed in golden letters in the history of military science and technology of our Motherland.

The article considers the task of management of the macro-level of the economy of the Russian Federation in the aspect of diversification of the product portfolio carried out in the processes of conversion of the military-industrial complex and the transfer of end-to-end digital technologies. Diversification is determined by the current direction of business reform, which, at the present stage of the economic cycle, changes in the technological and economic
structures of Industry 3.0 should be carried out jointly with the digital transformation of the defense industry, carried out under the institutional conditions of the digital economy and infrastructure conditions of Industry 4.0.

The issues of targeted training of qualified civilian specialists at basic departments for research organizations of the Russian Ministry of Defense and enterprises of the military-industrial complex are considered. The experience of training young specialists at the base department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «46 Central Research Institute» of the Russian Ministry of Defense is analyzed.

The article provides an overview of existing approaches to determining the effectiveness of the use of weapons, military equipment and military formations. A criterion and an indicator of the effectiveness of the group use of unmanned aerial vehicles have been selected. The developed methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of group use in defeating group ground targets of the enemy is presented.

The optimization of the energy parameters of an individual hypersonic (5M) barrel rifle
complex, when exposed to biological tissue (including those protected by means of individual armor protection of various classes) is considered. Optimization criteria are formulated: the specific kinetic energy of the projectile sufficient for destruction, minimization of the time of exposure to external ballistics factors on the projectile, safe firing distance for the operator.

The article describes a mathematical model for estimating the probability of hitting a target with an anti-aircraft missile for a given miss and target sighting angle. To calculate the maximum probability of hitting a target, the optimal target sighting angle, coinciding with the dynamic velocity vector of the median fragment, was calculated in relative and missile coordinate systems. The influence of the standard deviation of the target sighting angle at the moment of detonation of the warhead on the probability of hitting the target by an anti-aircraft missile is analyzed.

The article deals with the practical possibility of using the External Ballistics Tables in
the design of modern artillery systems. Examples of the use of External Ballistics Tables
in calculating the main elements of the trajectory of an artillery projectile and the initial velocity required to obtain a given range of the projectile are given. The possibility of carrying out ballistic calculations in the design of modern artillery gun systems and ammunition is confirmed by simple and accessible methods for a wide range of designers and planners of modern artillery systems.

Presented are results of analysis of unclassified contributions in foreign information sources published since the year 1998 and concerning long-range artillery projectiles with solid-fuel ramjet (SFRJ) engines for use in foreign artillery systems. Basic characteristics including supposed range and explosive charge weight are estimated for four different 155 mm projectiles developed in South Africa, South Korea, India, and USA. A number of problems expected during the fitting of these designs into existing artillery complexes are highlighted. It is shown that unclassified foreign SFRJ projectile designs are capable of achieving their listed maximum range primarily by
means of high initial velocity and SFRJ performance. Informed speculations on the design and characteristics of a future SFRJ-assisted projectile for NATO artillery systems are drawn.

The approaches to the formation of the concept and the development of a description based on it for the creation of products with a high degree of technological complexity (PHDTC) are considered. The geopolitical necessity of advanced creation of PHDTC of armament, military and special equipment (AMSE) is shown. The problems of the creation of the VVST are identified: de-unification, incomplete scientific and technical reserve (STR), earlier decisionmaking during design. The solution of problems is proposed by forming the concept and description of the PHDTC of the AMSE, with the help of system engineering and digital twins of products that provide the specified characteristics with a multiple reduction in time and resource costs.

The article presents the test results of a fundamentally new class of bulletproof protection based on the use of a reactive material in the form of mechanically activated energetic composites (MAEC). A method for producing MAEC samples with compositions based on aluminum-fluoroplastic is described. The results of ballistic tests of protective structures based on MAEC are presented. The advantages of using MAEC in protective structures are shown.

The issue of measuring excess pressure in the front of an air shock wave using digital
speed meters TsIS-5 as an alternative to using piezoelectric pressure sensors PD-7-1.5M is considered. It has been established that the error in determining excess pressure in the front of an air shock wave using digital speed meters TsIS-5 is 27–51 %.

The article is devoted to three periods of development of indigenous multiple rocket launcher systems (MRLS), in which aerodynamic (M-13 projectiles), turbojet (M-14-OF projectiles) and again aerodynamic (9M22 projectiles) MRLS rocket projectiles (RPs) stabilizing methods were successively used on the trajectory. An important subsystem of the MRLS is the RPs launch subsystem — launch vehicle (LV), the requirements for which (in the history of the creation of the MRLS «Grad") directly affect the design of the stabilization units of the MRLS destruction subsystem — RPs. The stabilizing method is also determined by the required firing range and measures of dispersion. Sometimes it can be prescriptively specified for the use of already proven design schemes. And, of course, the competence of the parent companydeveloper
leaves an imprint on the design of the projectile, the change of which can radically
change the appearance of the sample.

The article reviews the topics of reports and communications made at 1st international interdepartmental scientific and technical conference «Space Technologies», dedicated to the development of the space industry. It is especially necessary to note the above
proposals set out in the decision following the conference.